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{{Short description|Park in Chicago, Illinois, US}}
{{Infobox NRHP
| nrhp_type = nhld▼
| name = Columbus Park
| image =Columbus_Park_Boathouse.jpg▼
▲| nrhp_type = nhld
| caption = Columbus Park Boathouse▼
▲| image = Columbus_Park_Boathouse.jpg
| location= 500 S. Central Ave [[Chicago, IL]]▼
▲| caption = Columbus Park Boathouse
▲| location = 500 S. Central Ave [[Chicago, IL]]
| coordinates = {{coord|41|52|26|N|87|46|11|W|display=inline,title}}
| locmapin = Chicago
| area =
| built = 1915▼
| architect = [[Jens Jensen (landscape architect)|Jens Jensen]], [[C. Herrick Hammond|Chatten & Hammond]]
| architecture = Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Prairie School▼
| designated_nrhp_type = July 31, 2003<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=209115252&ResourceType=District|title=Columbus Park|accessdate=2007-10-06|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103060458/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=209115252&ResourceType=District|archive-date=2008-01-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| added = May 20, 1991<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>▼
| mpsub = [[Chicago Park District]] MPS▼
▲| built =1915
| refnum = 91000567
▲| architecture= Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Prairie School
▲| added = May 20, 1991<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
▲| mpsub=[[Chicago Park District]] MPS
}}
'''Columbus Park'''
==History==
The concept of Columbus Park was first pitched in 1912 by the West Park Commission as a way to develop recreational facilities for densely populated neighborhoods. At the time, the West Side of Chicago had a population of nearly 900,000, but only two small playgrounds. The commission had acquired the property a year earlier from the Catholic church for $560,000; the church had recently abandoned plans to build a [[seminary]] on the site. It was the first large park conceived by the commission since 1869. [[Jens Jensen (landscape architect)|Jens Jensen]] was a Danish immigrant who joined the commission in the 1880s as a laborer and rose to the rank of chief landscape artist and general superintendent of the system by 1905. Columbus Park was Jensen's first large park, and he began designing it in 1915.
The park was largely completed by 1920, when Jensen was removed from his position by Illinois Governor [[Frank Lowden]]. The only uncompleted section was the refectory and boathouse. The new West Park Commissioners ignored Jensen's plan and instead hired local architectural firm [[C. Herrick Hammond|Chatten & Hammond]], who completed the structure in 1923. Although a contradiction to the rest of the park, the refectory was well received. [[Works Progress Administration]] funds in the late 1930s allowed for the conversion of an old stable building into a gymnasium. The funds also allowed for the replanting of the landscape. In 1953, the southern {{convert|9|acre}} of Columbus Park were demolished to make way for the [[Eisenhower Expressway]]. The waterfalls and surrounding landscape were restored in 1991; the refectory was restored a few years later. The park was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] on May 20, 1991, and designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] on July 31, 2003.<ref name="nhlsum"/> It is considered one of "150 great places in [[Illinois]]" by the [[American Institute of Architects]].<ref>{{cite web |author= |url=http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com|title=Columbus Park |publisher=American Institute of Architects |accessdate=2007-05-09}}</ref>
In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, Columbus Park was selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places <ref>{{cite news|last=Waldinger|first=Mike|title=The proud history of architecture in Illinois|url=https://springfieldbusinessjournal.com/2018/01/the-proud-history-of-architecture-in-illinois/|accessdate=30 January 2018|newspaper=Springfield Business Journal|date=January 30, 2018}}</ref> by the [[American Institute of Architects]] Illinois component (AIA Illinois).
==Landscape==
The {{convert|135|acre|adj=on}} park reflected Jensen's [[Prairie School]] approach to landscape design. This method emphasized the area's natural beauty and was inspired by the prairie landscape's horizontality. Jensen preferred to use native plants in his designs, a technique that was rare at the time. Inspired by natural rock outcroppings in the Midwest, Jensen's stonework is exemplified by his waterfalls, council ring, and stone paths. Buildings in the part constructed prior to 1920 also reflect his Prairie approach. [[Richard E. Schmidt|Schmidt, Garden & Martin]] designed massive entry lanterns for the east entrance in this motif, and evidence suggests that noted Prairie School architect [[John S. Van Bergen]] may have designed a small playground shelter.
==External links==
*[https://archive.today/20060320120449/http://www.chicagoparkdistrict.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/parks.detail/object_id/FD6A5E2C-B08B-44DF-B0E4-4FDA8389D638.cfm Chicago Park District page]
*[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/81columbus/81columbus.htm ''"Chicago's Columbus Park:The Prairie Idealized",'' a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan]
*[http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com/#welcome Illinois Great Places] - [http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com/#detail/columbus_park-059/type=landscape/city=chicago Columbus Park]
*[http://sah-archipedia.org/buildings/IL-01-031-8037 Society of Architectural Historians SAH ARCHIPEDIA entry on Columbus Park]
==Notes==
{{Reflist}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}▼
{{Chicago Landmark municipal}}▼
{{Chicago Parks}}
▲{{Chicago Landmark municipal}}
▲{{Registered Historic Places}}
[[Category:
[[Category:
[[Category:Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in Chicago
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in
[[Category:1915 establishments in
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