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HeyElliott (talk | contribs) Changing short description from "Solar calendar used by the Odia people of India" to "Solar calendar used by the Odia people" |
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{{Short description|Solar calendar used by the Odia people
The '''Odia calendar''' ({{lang-or|ପାଞ୍ଜି}} Pāñji) is a [[solar calendar]] used by the [[Odia people]] from the [[Odisha]] region of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. The calendar follows the [[Sidereal year|sidereal]] solar cycle while using the lunar Purnimanta phase for the religious dates.<ref>{{citation |title=Indian Astronomy: An Introduction |publisher=Universities Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PGXgssv08PgC&q=punjabi+lunisolar+calendar&pg=PA44 |author=S. Balachandra Rao |date=2000 |page=44 |isbn=9788173712050 }}</ref> The [[New Year]] in the Odia calendar is known as ''Maha Bishuba Sankranti'' or [[Pana Sankranti]]. It occurs on the first day of the traditional solar month of [[Meṣa]] (Georgian: Aries), hence equivalent lunar month [[Vaisakha|Baisakha]] (odia: ବୈଶାଖ). The Odia calendar follows the Utkaliya era, which began on Bhādra śukla dvādaśī from 592 CE.<ref>{{citation |title=The Calendars of India |author=VK Mishra |date=2010 |pages=55, 81|arxiv=1007.0062 }}</ref>
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As per the sidereal solar cycle followed by the Odia Panjika, the first day of the year or New Year falls on Mesa Sankranti (Sun-crossing into Sidereal Aries) in Mid-April. The ''Odia New Year'' festival is known as '''Pana Sankranti''' ({{lang-or|ପଣା ସଂକ୍ରାନ୍ତି}}) or '''Maha Bishuba Sankranti''' ({{lang-or|ମହା ବିଷୁବ ସଂକ୍ରାନ୍ତି}}).<ref>Crump, William D. (2014), [https://books.google.com/books?id=cDTfCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114 Encyclopedia of New Year's Holidays Worldwide], MacFarland, page 114</ref>
The '''Utkaliya era''' ({{lang-or|ଉତ୍କଳୀୟ}} Utkaḷiya) for the Odia calendar began on 592 CE on Bhādra sukḷa dvādasi (the 12th day of the full moon fortnight of the Bhādra month). Bhādra sukla dvādasi is considered to be the birthday of the legendary king [[Indradyumna]] who set
Thus the Era calendar new year falls on the 12th day of the full moon fortnight or the waxing moon lunar phase of the Bhādra month in September. This day is termed as the ''Odia financial New Year'' and is known as the festival of '''Sunia''' ({{lang-or|ସୁନିଆଁ}} suniā̃) which denotes the start of the beginning of the new financial calendar year for the collection of revenue, publishing of almanacs and the palm-leaf horoscopes carrying the reigning year of the Gajapati King. Post-1947, it has been reduced as a ceremonial day and is mostly used in the Panji calendars to denote the change of Odia calendar year for records and horoscopes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunia |date=9 September 2011 |publisher=puriwaves |url=https://puriwaves.nirmalya.in/photo_news/sunia-52-anka-1419-declared-by-gajapati-maharaja-dibyasing-dev |access-date=5 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Sunia (The Odia Calendar) |url=https://odia.org/articles/sunia_odi.pdf |author=Subhash Sahu |date=2009 |access-date=5 December 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=The Anka Ceremony of the King of Puri (India) |publisher=Journal of Social Sciences |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321220231 |author=Roland Hardenberg |date=July 2000 |access-date=5 December 2020 }}</ref>
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| ଫାଲ୍ଗୁନ/ଫଗୁଣ<br>Phālguna/Phaguṇa || 30 || କୁମ୍ଭ<br>Kumbha || [[Aquarius (astrology)|Aquarius]] || [[File:Aquarius.svg|20px]] || February–March
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