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{{short description|Spanish art gallery
[[File:Jean Metzinger, 1910-11, Deux Nus (Two Nudes, Two Women), oil on canvas, 92 x 66 cm, Gothenburg Museum of Art, Sweden.jpg|thumb|[[Jean Metzinger]], 1910–11, ''[[Deux Nus|Deux Nus (Two Nudes, Two Women)]]'', oil on canvas, 92 × 66 cm, [[Gothenburg Museum of Art]], Sweden. Exhibited at the first Cubist manifestation, Room 41 of the 1911 [[Salon des Indépendants]], Paris. Exposició d'Art Cubista, Galeries Dalmau, Barcelona, 1912]]
[[File:Francis Picabia, 1922c - Optophone.jpg|thumb|[[Francis Picabia]], c. 1921-22, ''Optophone I'', encre, aquarelle et mine de plomb sur papier, 72 x 60 cm. Reproduced in Galeries Dalmau, ''Picabia'', exhibition catalogue, Barcelona, November 18 - December 8, 1922]]
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While press coverage was extensive, it was not always positive. Articles were published in the newspapers ''Esquella de La Torratxa''<ref>[http://mdc2.cbuc.cat/cdm/compoundobject/collection/esquella/id/13001/rec/1746 Cubist caricature, ''Esquella de La Torratxa'', Núm 1740 (3 maig 1912)]</ref> and ''El Noticiero Universal''<ref name="Noticiero Universal">[http://pandora.girona.cat/viewer.vm?id=2934290&view=dalmau&lang=en Juan de Dos, ''Los pintores cubistas en Barcelona'', Crónica de Arte, El Noticiero Universal, 25 April 1912]</ref> attacking the Cubists with a series of caricatures laced with text, showing people shaped like cones standing in front of the works. Another depicted Adam and Eve in crude cubic form (Agero presented a sculpture of the subject). Others still interpreted the paintings as cubic scribbles, or an artist at his easel with a cube-like animal head; all with derogatory captions.<ref name="Noticiero Universal" /> Others mocked the works, referring to them as "hieroglyphs". Among artists reactions were mixed, sparking a debate among [[Noucentisme|Noucentists]]. Eugenio d'Ors saw Duchamps ''Nude Descending a Staircase'' as a "sad case, a case of unconsciousness and disorientation".<ref name="Pàmies" /><ref>Xenius, ''Poch a poch, poch a poch''. Glosari. ''La Veu de Catalunya'' Edició Vespre, Barcelona, 27 April 1912</ref> In another article he referred to Duchamps ''Nude'' as "monstrous", because the artist renounced form and a sensual appearance of reality, contradicting the efforts of other Cubists.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mdc2.cbuc.cat/cdm/compoundobject/collection/veup1/id/31472/rec/8 |title=Eugenio d'Ors (Xenius), ''El cas DU CHAMP'', Glosari, La Veu de Catalunya (Barcelona) Monday, 29 April 1912, no. 4,651, p. 1 (original publication) |access-date=22 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422134407/http://mdc2.cbuc.cat/cdm/compoundobject/collection/veup1/id/31472/rec/8 |archive-date=22 April 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://acca.cat/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/El_caso_DU_CHAMP.pdf Eugenio d'Ors (Xenius), ''El cas DU CHAMP'', Glosari, La Veu de Catalunya (Barcelona) 29 April 1912 (edició vespre), 2009]</ref> The following year ''Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2'' was exhibited at the [[Armory Show]] where it became the subject of endless scandal.<ref>[http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/images/detail/armory-show-entry-form-marcel-duchamps-painting-nude-descending-staircase-14480 Armory show entry form for Marcel Duchamp's painting Nude descending a staircase, not after 1913. Walt Kuhn, Kuhn family papers, and Armory Show records, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.]</ref><ref>Calvin Tomkins, ''Duchamp: A Biography'', Henry Holt and Company, 1996, Inc. {{ISBN|0-8050-5789-7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://xroads.virginia.edu/~museum/armory/galleryi/tour.i.html |title=American Studies at the University of Virginia, ''The Armory Show, Gallery I, French Paintings and Sculpture'' |access-date=2018-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023154555/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MUSEUM/Armory/galleryI/tour.i.html |archive-date=2019-10-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Art historian Jaime Brihuega writes of the Dalmau Cubist show: "No doubt that the exhibition produced a strong commotion in the public, who welcomed it with a lot of suspicion.<ref>Jaime Brihuega, ''Las Vanguardias Artísticas en España 1909-1936'', Madrid. Istmo.1981</ref><ref name="Antequera Lucas">[https://digitum.um.es/jspui/bitstream/10201/35057/6/Tesis_il_Antequera.pdf D. José Luis Antequera Lucas, ''Tradición y vanguardia en la pintura española de paisaje entre 1915 y1926 a través de la obra "El año artístico" del crítico de arte José Francés''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422132830/https://digitum.um.es/jspui/bitstream/10201/35057/6/Tesis_il_Antequera.pdf |date=2018-04-22 }}, Universidad de Murcia. Facultad de Letras. Departamento de Historia del Arte. Murcia, 2013 (PDF)</ref> Cubism subsequently became one of the most influential art movements of the 20th century;<ref>[http://www.moma.org/collection/details.php?theme_id=10068&displayall=1#skipToContent Christopher Green, MoMA collection, ''Cubism, Introduction'', from Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press, 2009] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813112047/http://www.moma.org/collection/details.php?theme_id=10068&displayall=1 |date=2014-08-13 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-museum/press-room/exhibitions/2014/cubism-the-leonard-lauder-collection ''Cubism: The Leonard A. Lauder Collection'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2014] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150517015704/http://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-museum/press-room/exhibitions/2014/cubism-the-leonard-lauder-collection |date=2015-05-17 }}</ref> impacting developments in [[Futurism]], [[Suprematism]], [[Dada]], [[Constructivism (art)|Constructivism]], [[De Stijl]] and [[Art Deco]].<ref name="MoMA, Meanings and interpretations">[http://www.moma.org/collection/details.php?theme_id=10068§ion_id=T020544#skipToContent Christopher Green, 2009, ''Cubism, Meanings and interpretations'', MoMA, Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press, 2009] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702090838/http://www.moma.org/collection/details.php?theme_id=10068§ion_id=T020544 |date=2015-07-02 }}</ref> while Constructivism was influenced by Picasso's technique of constructing sculpture from separate elements.<ref>[http://www.moma.org/collection/details.php?theme_id=10955§ion_id=T019195#skipToContent Christina Lodder, 2009, ''Constructivism, Formation, 1914–21'', MoMA, Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press, 2009] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024234226/http://www.moma.org/collection/details.php?theme_id=10955§ion_id=T019195 |date=2008-10-24 }}</ref>
'''Selected works exhibited and/or reproduced in the press'''
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The closing of Galeries Dalmau was possibly due to several factors: the use of operational procedures obsolete in the art market of the twenties, expenses, increasing competition, and the low profitability obtained from the sales. Sebastià Gasch, attributed the demise of Galeries Dalmau to the attitude of Josep Dalmau, "the almost absolute disappearance of that eagerness of selection that presided over his old galleries." He also pointed out, "Galleries Dalmau lost all their ingenuity when moving from the intensity of the Gothic Quarter of Barcelona—Portaferrissa—to the dilapidated Passeig de Gràcia."<ref name="Pàmies" /><ref>Sebastià Gasch, ''Inaugural de les Galeries Dalmau'', L'Amic de les arts, núm. 30, December 1928</ref><ref>Josep F. Ràfols, ''Comiat a les Galeries Dalmau'', El Matí, 28 November 1930</ref>
In 1936, Dalmau became president of the ''Associació d'Artistes Independents'' and drafted its manifesto.<ref>[http://pandora.girona.cat/viewer.vm?id=2933982&view=dalmau&lang=en Associació d'Artistes Independents, 1936, catalogue]</ref><ref>[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0021331.xml Josep Dalmau i Rafel, Enciclopèdia.cat]</ref><ref>[http://w151.bcn.cat/opac/doc?q=Associaci%C3%B3+d%27Artistes+Independents&start=0&rows=1&sort=msstored_fld81%20asc&fq=mssearch_doctype&fv=*&fq=media&fv=* Associació d'Artistes Independents. Primer Saló 1936. Exposició del 30 Abril Al 25 Maig]{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Catàleg en línia de l'Arxiu Municipal de Barcelona</ref><ref>[http://w151.bcn.cat/opac/doc?q=Associaci%C3%B3+d%27Artistes+Independents&start=1&rows=1&sort=msstored_fld81%20asc&fq=mssearch_doctype&fv=*&fq=media&fv=* Inauguració del I Saló de l'Associació d'Artistes Independents, 1936]{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Catàleg en línia de l'Arxiu Municipal de Barcelona</ref> He died the following year.
==Artists exhibited==
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==External links==
{{Commons category|Galeries Dalmau}}
* [http://www.girona.cat/sgdap/movio2/galeries_dalmau Galeries Dalmau, ''Focus of avant-garde art in Catalonia'', Ajuntament de Girona] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422133347/http://www.girona.cat/sgdap/movio2/galeries_dalmau |date=2018-04-22 }}
* [http://www.openedition.org/6540 Elisée Trenc Ballester, ''L'avant-garde plastique à Barcelone, le vibracionisme, Barradas et Torres-García (1916–1920)'', Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle, 1996, p. 91-113 (French)]
* [https://www.metmuseum.org/art/libraries-and-research-centers/leonard-lauder-research-center/programs-and-resources/index-of-cubist-art-collectors/dalmau Josep Dalmau, Index of Historic Collectors and Dealers of Cubism], Leonard A. Lauder Research Center for Modern Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art
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