W. P. Watkins: Difference between revisions

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'''William Pascoe Watkins''' (5 December 1893 – 2 January 1995) was an English co-operator and writer who served as director of the [[International Cooperative Alliance|International Co-operative Alliance]] from 1951–1963.<ref1951 name=":0">{{Citeto news |last=Marshall |first=R L |author-link=Robert L. Marshall |date=1995-01-03 |title=Will Watkins |work=[[The Guardian]] |page=28}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Shaffer |first=Jack |url=http://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000shaf |title=Historical Dictionary of the Cooperative Movement |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-8108-3666-2 |location=Lanham, Md. |pages=408–409 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Papers of William P. Watkins B.A. (Director of the International Co-operative Alliance 1951-1963) |url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/30f9ebb6-fd1b-3698-9c70-e2fad4cd4c1f |website=[[Archives Hub]] |via=}}</ref>
 
== Biography ==
Watkins was born in [[Plymouth]], [[Devon]], the son of co-operator [[William Henry Watkins]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Marshall |first=R L |author-link=Robert L. Marshall |date=1995-01-03 |title=Will Watkins |work=[[The Guardian]] |page=28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/dictionaryoflabo0000unse |title=Dictionary of Labour Biography |publisher=Macmillan |year=1972 |isbn=978-0-333-42757-6 |location=London |pages=339 |chapter=Watkins, William Henry |chapter-url= |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Watkins trained as a teacher and was awarded a degree in philosophy and economics from the [[University of London]], and served in France during the [[First World War]].<ref name=":0" />
 
In 1920, he began working as a tutor at the [[Co-operative College]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Shaffer |first=Jack |url=http://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000shaf |title=Historical Dictionary of the Cooperative Movement |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-8108-3666-2 |location=Lanham, Md. |pages=408–409 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> In 1929 he joined the secretariat of the International Co-operative Alliance, then from 1940 he worked in the editorial staff of the ''[[Reynold's News]].'' In 1946 he was appointed as an advisor on co-operatives to the [[Control Commission for Germany (British Element)|Control Commission for Germany]], rehabilitating the country's [[Consumers' co-operative|consumer co-operative]] movement, for which in 1959 he was awarded the [[Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany|Cross of Merit]] from the Federal Republic of Germany.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Papers of William P. Watkins B.A. (Director of the International Co-operative Alliance 1951-1963) |url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/30f9ebb6-fd1b-3698-9c70-e2fad4cd4c1f |website=[[Archives Hub]] |via=}}</ref> In 1951 he was appointed director of the International Co-operative Alliance, retiring in 1963.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
 
Watkins died 2 January 1995 aged 101.<ref name=":0" />
== Books ==
 
== Books ==
* {{Cite book |last1=Hall |first1=F. |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.01346 |title=Co-operation: A Survey of the History, Principles, and Organisation of the Co-operative Movement in Great Britain and Ireland |last2=Watkins |first2=W. P. |publisher=[[Co-operatives UK|The Co-operative Union]] |year=1934 |location=Manchester}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=A. P. W. |date=1935-02-18 |title=Co-operation |work=[[The Manchester Guardian]] |pages=5}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
* {{Cite book |last=Watkins |first=W. P. |title=The International Co-operative Alliance 1895–1970 |publisher=[[International Co-operative Alliance]] |year=1970 |location=London}}<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1971 |title=The International Co-operative Alliance 1895–1970 |url=https://academic.oup.com/ia/article-abstract/47/1/123/3743792 |journal=[[International Affairs (journal)|International Affairs]] |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=123|doi=10.1093/ia/47.1.123 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Orizet |first=J. B. |date=1971 |title=The International Co-operative Alliance 1895-1970, by W. P. Watkins |journal=Review of International Co-operation |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=34}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lambert |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Lambert (cooperator) |date=1971 |title=The International Co-operative Alliance 1895-1970, by W. P. Watkins |journal=Review of International Co-operation |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=38}}</ref>
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== Translations ==
 
* {{Cite book |last=Poisson |first=Ernest |title=The Co-operative Republic |year=1925 |translator-last=Watkins |translator-first=William Pascoe}}<ref name=":0" />
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Watkins, William Pascoe}}
{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Watkins, William Pascoe}}
[[Category:1893 births]]
[[Category:1995 deaths]]
[[Category:British cooperative organizers]]
[[Category:20th-century British writers]]
[[Category:English centenarians]]
[[Category:British men centenarians]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
[[Category:French–English translators]]