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{{Short description|Stony asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1862 Apollo
| symbol = [[file:1862 Apollo symbol (bold).svg|24px]] (astrological)
| background = #FFC2E0
| image = [[File:1862Apollo (Lightcurve Inversion).png|250px]]
| image_scale =
| caption = {{longitem|A three-dimensional model of 1862 Apollo based on its [[light-curve]]|style=padding:5px 0; line-height: 1.3em;}}
| discovery_ref = <ref name=jpldata />
Line 9 ⟶ 13:
| discovered = 24 April 1932
| discovery_site = [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl|Heidelberg Obs.]]
| mpc_name = (1862) Apollo
| alt_names = 1932 HA
| pronounced = {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|p|ɒ|l|oʊ}}<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Apollo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321095651/https://www.lexico.com/definition/apollo |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 March 2020 |title=Apollo |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref>
| named_after = [[Apollo]]<br />{{small|(Greek mythology)}}
| mp_category = [[Near-Earth object|NEO]]{{·}}[[Potentially hazardous asteroid|PHA]]<br />[[Venus-crosser]]<br />[[Mars-crosser]]<br />{{mpcat|[[Apollo}} asteroids]]
| orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 1629 OctoberDecember 2009 ([[Julian day|JD]] 24551202455194.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = {{nowrap|8485.2532 yr (30,77431162 days)}}
| earliest_precovery_date = 13 December 1930
| aphelion = {{convert|2.2934|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}▼
| perihelionaphelion = {{convertConvert|02.64692935|AU|Gm|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| semimajor perihelion = {{convertConvert|10.470264699|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
▲ | aphelion semimajor = {{convertConvert|21.29344702|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| eccentricity = 0.559955994
| period = 1.78 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (651.15 days[[Julian year (astronomy)|d]])
| mean_anomaly = 103.31[[degree (angle)|°]]
| inclination mean_anomaly = 6144.352922[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| asc_node inclination = 356.7413530°
| arg_periasc_node = 28535.84739°
| moid arg_peri = {{convert|0285.0257|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}85°
| moid = {{Convert|0.0257026|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| dimensions = {{convert|1.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="Gehrels" />
| mass =
| density =
| rotation = {{Convert|3.065 [[hour]]s|h|d|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| spectral_type = [[Q-type asteroid|Q]] {{small|([[Tholen classification|Tholen]], [[SMASS classification|SMASS]])}}<br />[[Asteroid color indices|B–V]] = 0.819<br />[[Asteroid color indices|U–B]] = 0.481
| abs_magnitude = 16.25<ref name="jpldata" />
| albedo = 0.25<ref name=jpldata/><ref name="Gehrels" />
| temp_name1 = Kelvin<ref name="PHL">{{cite web | url=http://phl.upr.edu/projects/habitable-exoplanets-catalog/calculators | title=Planetary Habitability Calculators | publisher=University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo | work=Planetary Habitability Laboratory | accessdate=7 December 2015 | archive-date=11 May 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511110804/http://phl.upr.edu/projects/habitable-exoplanets-catalog/calculators | url-status=dead }}</ref>
| min_temp_1 = 171 K
| mean_temp_1 = 214 K
Line 45 ⟶ 52:
| mean_temp_3 = -74.2°F
| max_temp_3 = 120.2°F
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.55287|sup=ms}} / day
| mean_radius = 0.75 [[Kilometre|km]]
| jupiter_moid = {{Convert|3.06837|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| tisserand = 4.415
}}
 
'''1862 Apollo''' {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|p|ɒ|l|oʊ}} is a stony [[asteroid]], approximately 1.5 kilometers in diameter, classified as a [[near-Earth object]] (NEO). It was discovered by German astronomer [[Karl Reinmuth]] at [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl|Heidelberg Observatory]] on 24 April 1932, but lost and not recovered until 1973.
 
It is the namesake and the first recognized member of the [[Apollo asteroid]]s, a subgroup of NEOs which are [[Earth-crosser asteroid|Earth-crossercrossers]], that is, they cross the orbit of the Earth when viewviewed perpendicularperpendicularly to the ecliptic plane (crossing an orbit is a more general term thatthan actually intersecting it). In addition, since Apollo's orbit is highly [[orbital eccentricity|eccentric]], it crosses the orbits of Venus and Mars and is therefore called a [[Venus-crosser]] and [[Mars-crosser]] as well.
 
Although Apollo was the first Apollo asteroid to be discovered, its official IAU-number (1862) is higher than that of some other Apollo asteroids such as [[1566 Icarus]], due to the fact that it was a [[Lost minor planet|lost asteroid]] for more than 40 years and other bodies were numbered in the meantime. The analysis of its rotation provided observational evidence of the [[YORP effect]].<ref name="yorp"/>
 
It is named after the Greek god [[Apollo]]. He is the god of the Sun, child of Zeus and Leto, after which the minor planets [[5731 Zeus]] and [[68 Leto]] are named.<ref name="springer" />
 
== MoonSatellite ==
On November 4, 2005, it was announced that an [[asteroid moon]], or satellite of Apollo, had been detected by radar observations from [[Arecibo Observatory]], [[Puerto Rico]], October 29 &ndash; November 2, 2005. The standard [[provisional designation]] for this satellite is '''S/2005&nbsp;(1862)&nbsp;1'''. The announcement is contained in the [[International Astronomical Union]] Circular (IAUC) 8627.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08600/08627.html | title=IAU Circular No. 8627 | publisher=Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams | work=International Astronomical Union | accessdate=8 December 2015}}</ref> The satellite is only {{convert|80|m|ft|abbr=on}} across and orbits Apollo just {{convert|3|km|mi|abbr=on}} away from the asteroid itself.<ref name="archive">{{cite web | url=http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-01862.html | title=(1862) Apollo | work=Johnston's Archive | date=November 16, 2014 | accessdate=8 December 2015 | author=Johnston, Wm. Robert}}</ref> From the surface of Apollo, S/2005 (1862) 1 would have an angular diameter of about 2.0835 degrees.<ref group="lower-alpha">Calculated from the formula <math>\delta</math> = (206265) ''d'' / ''D'' arcseconds. (see [[Angular diameter]])</ref>
 
== Potentially hazardous object ==
1862 Apollo is a [[potentially hazardous asteroid]] (PHA) because its [[minimum orbit intersection distance]] (MOID) is less than 0.05 AU and its diameter is greater than 150 meters. Apollo's Earth MOID is {{convert|0.0257|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=on}}.<ref name=jpldata /> Its orbit is well-determined for the next several hundred years. On 17 May 2075 it will pass {{convert|0.0083|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=off}} from [[Venus]].<ref name=jpldata />
 
== See also ==
Line 74 ⟶ 85:
|type=2015-03-16 last obs.
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1862 Apollo (1932 HA)
|url=httphttps://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001862
|publisher=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|accessdate=September20 2015April 2016}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Gehrels">{{cite book
Line 83 ⟶ 94:
|title=Hazards Due to Comets and Asteroids
|date=1994
|publisher=[[University of Arizona Press]]
|location=Tucson
|isbn=0816515050978-0816515059
|pages=540–543}}</ref>
 
<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|url=http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1863▼
|title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1862) Apollo
|last=Schmadel |first=Lutz D.
|publisher=[[Springer Berlin Heidelberg]]
|page=149
|date=2003
|isbn=978-3-540-29925-7
▲ |urldoi=http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1863
|accessdate=November 2015}}</ref>
|chapter = (1862) Apollo}}</ref>
 
<ref name="yorp">{{Cite journal
Line 125 ⟶ 136:
|last9 = Shevchenko
|first9 = V. G.
|displayauthorsdisplay-authors=8
|bibcode=2008A&A...488..345D|doi-access = free
}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
 
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanetcenterminorplanetobserver.netcom/db_searchpdolc/show_object?object_id=1862&commit=ShowA1862_2005.HTM Lightcurve plot of (1862) Apollo], inPalmer theDivide Observatory, ''[[MinorBrian PlanetD. CenterWarner|B. D. Warner]]'s' Database(2005)
* [http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html Asteroids with Satellites], Robert Johnston, johnstonsarchive.net
* [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1862;orb=1 NASA JPL orbital simulation 1862 Apollo (Java)]
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* {{NeoDys|1862}}
* {{ESA-SSA|1862|Apollo}}
* {{JPL small body}}
 
{{Minor planets navigator |1861 Komenský |number=1862 |1863 Antinous}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Apollo}}
[[Category:Apollo asteroids|001862]]
[[Category:Numbered minor planets|001862]]
[[Category:Potentially hazardous asteroids|001862]]▼
[[Category:Minor planets named from Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth]]
[[Category:AstronomicalNamed objectsminor discovered in 1932|19320424planets]]
[[Category:Earth-crosserBinary asteroids|001862]]
[[Category:Venus-crosserPotentially hazardous asteroids|001862]]
[[Category:MarsEarth-crossing asteroids|001862]]
▲[[Category:Potentially hazardousVenus-crossing asteroids|001862]]
[[Category:Q-type asteroids (Tholen)|001862]]
[[Category:Q-type asteroids (SMASS)|001862]]
[[Category:BinaryAstronomical asteroidsobjects discovered in 1932|00186219320424]]
[[Category:Recovered astronomical objects]]
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