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{{EngvarB|date=June 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=JuneJanuary 20132023}}
{{Infobox military installation
[[File:Chelsea College of Art and Design.jpg|250px|thumb| RAMC buildings now occupied by the Chelsea College of Art and Design]][[File:OS Millbank Tate etc 2.jpg|250px|thumb|Ordnance Survey maps of London extract for 1916 – see text]]The '''Royal Army Medical College (RAMC)''' was located on a site south of the [[Tate Gallery]] (now known as Tate Britain) on [[Millbank]], in [[Westminster]], London, overlooking the [[River Thames]]. The college moved from the site in 1999 and the buildings are now occupied by the [[Chelsea College of Art and Design]].
|name==Commandants of the Royal Army Medical College==▼
|image=Chelsea College of Art and Design.jpg
|caption = Royal Army Medical College
|type = Military College
|map_type = United Kingdom London Westminster
|pushpin_map_caption = Location within Westminster
|location = [[Millbank]]
|coordinates ={{coord|51.49039|N|0.12892|W|source:placeopedia|display=inline,title}}
|ownership = [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]]
|operator = {{army|United Kingdom}}
|built = 1907
|used=1907-1999
|architect =
|built_for = [[War Office]]
|garrison =
|occupants =
}}
The '''Royal Army Medical College (RAMC)''' was located on a site south of the [[Tate Gallery]] (now known as Tate Britain) on [[Millbank]], in [[Westminster]], London, overlooking the [[River Thames]]. The college moved from the site in 1999 and the buildings are now occupied by the [[Chelsea College of Arts]]. The area around the college including the Tate, former military hospital and other adjacent areas is a conservation area.<ref name = "WCC">[http://www3.westminster.gov.uk/docstores/publications_store/Millbank%20CAA%20SPG.pdf Millbank Conservation Area] – Westminster City Council, January 2005, accessed 6 August 2012</ref> The former college buildings are now [[listed buildings|listed]].<ref>Southern Block {{NHLE|num=1066501|accessdate=7 August 2014}}<br/>Officers Mess and Commandants House {{NHLE|num=1376570|accessdate=7 August 2014}}<br>Statue{{NHLE|num=1066502|accessdate=7 August 2014}}<br>Former barracks (1) {{NHLE|num=1376572|accessdate=7 August 2014}}<br>Former barracks (2) {{NHLE|num=1376571|accessdate=7 August 2014}}</ref>
 
==History==
The[[File:OS Millbank Tate etc 2.jpg|250px|thumb|Ordnance Survey maps of London extract for 1916. mapThis shows clearly the octagonal outline of the former penitentiary surrounding the small site. At the centre is the National Gallery of British Art, afterwards known as the Tate Gallery, and now as [[Tate Britain]], with the college in the south of the site and hospital in the north. Most of the streets remain as at 2012 apart from Bulinga Street, most of which has been built over, and Dundonald Street which has been renamed 'John Islip Street'. There is a 'Census Office' at the rear of the gallery, long since gone.]]▼
The site, including that of the Tate Gallery (which opened in 1897), was previously occupied by the [[Millbank Penitentiary]] from 1821 to the late 19th century. The college was built by John Henry Townsend and Wilfred Ainslie in Imperial [[Baroque]] style. They also designed the adjoining Regimental Officers’ [[Mess]] and Commandant's House, in [[French Renaissance]] style. The buildings were opened by [[King Edward VII]] and [[Alexandra of Denmark|Queen Alexandra]] on 15 May 1907. A statue of Sir [[James McGrigor]], the father of army medicine, originally at the [[Royal Hospital, Chelsea]] was moved to the grounds in 1907.▼
 
▲The site, including that of the Tate Gallery (which opened in 1897), was previously occupied by the [[Millbank PenitentiaryPrison]] from 1821 to the late 19th century. The college was built by John Henry Townsend and Wilfred Ainslie in Imperial [[Baroque]] style. They also designed the adjoining Regimental Officers’Officers' [[Mess]] and Commandant's House, in [[French Renaissance]] style. The buildings were opened by [[King Edward VII]] and [[Alexandra of Denmark|Queen Alexandra]] on 15 May 1907. A statue of Sir [[James McGrigor]], the father of army medicine, originally at the [[Royal Hospital, Chelsea]] was moved to the grounds in 1907 and then moved again to the [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101452265-statue-of-sir-james-robert-mcgrigor-b-g-m-d-at-royal-military-academy-sandhurst-surrey-heath-borough-council-st-michaels-ward#.Wka1l2hl8dU|title=Statue of Sir James Robert McGrigor B. G., M. D. at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst|publisher=British listed buildings|access-date=29 December 2017}}</ref>
[[Queen Alexandra's Military Hospital (Millbank)]] was built to the north of the Tate Gallery and opened in 1905.
 
[[Queen Alexandra Military Hospital]] was built to the north of the Tate Gallery and opened in 1905. [[Cooper Perry|Sir (Edwin) Cooper Perry (1856–1938)]] was [[knighted]] in 1903 for helping set up the college.<ref>{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35486 |first=H. L. |last=Eason|title=Perry, Sir (Edwin) Cooper (1856–1938)|year=2004|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/35486 |access-date= 5 August 2012}}</ref>
 
During the first[[World War I|First World War]] the college was used to prepare vaccines, including a vaccine against [[typhoid]] which was developed at the college. The college also researched into protection against chemical warfare including the development of [[gas masks]] here. In the second World War, the college provided courses in tropical medicine. The college was seriously damaged in 1941 by bombs and the walls of the Tate Gallery nearby still show signs of the damage.<ref name ="45_Millbank">[{{cite web|url=http://www.45millbank.com/history-of-45-millbank.html |title=History of 45 Millbank website], accessed|access-date= 6 August 2012}}</ref>
 
The Royal Army Medical College was renamed the '''Royal Defence Medical College''' on 1 April 1996, offering tri-service post graduate training in a variety of disciplines, including military surgery, medicine, pathology, psychiatry, preventative medicine, entomology, general practice and dental sciences.<ref name=RDMC>{{cite web|url=https://www.qaranc.co.uk/Royal-Army-Medical-College-Millbank-London.php|title=Royal Defence Medical College|publisher=QARANC|access-date=22 March 2021}}</ref>
The area around the college including the Tate, former military hospital and other adjacent areas is a conservation area, although as at 2005 the hospital buildings were not [[listed building|listed]].<ref name = "WCC">[http://www3.westminster.gov.uk/docstores/publications_store/Millbank%20CAA%20SPG.pdf Millbank Conservation Area] – Westminster City Council, January 2005, accessed 6 August 2012</ref>
 
After teaching transferred to the [[Royal Hospital Haslar]] in [[Gosport]] in 1999,<ref name=RDMC/> the college was removed to [[Fort Blockhouse]]. The former buildings on Millbank were subsequently occupied by the [[Chelsea College of Arts]].<ref name="History (Official)">{{cite web |url=http://www.chelsea.arts.ac.uk/history.htm |title=History (Official) |work=Chelsea.arts.ac.uk |access-date=21 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070803230056/http://www.chelsea.arts.ac.uk/history.htm |archive-date=3 August 2007 }}</ref>
==1916 map of the area==
▲The map shows clearly the octagonal outline of the former penitentiary surrounding the small site. At the centre is the National Gallery of British Art, afterwards known as the Tate Gallery, and now as [[Tate Britain]], with the college in the south of the site and hospital in the north. Most of the streets remain as at 2012 apart from Bulinga Street, most of which has been built over, and Dundonald Street which has been renamed 'John Islip Street'. There is a 'Census Office' at the rear of the gallery, long since gone.
 
▲==Commandants of the Royal Army Medical College==
{{incompletelist|date=February 2014}}▼
 
==Commandants of the Royal Army Medical College<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hughes|first=W. D.|date=1961-01-01|title=The V.C. Room|url=https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/107/1/33|journal=BMJ Military Health|language=en|volume=107|issue=1|pages=33–34|doi=10.1136/jramc-107-01-11|doi-broken-date=18 September 2024 |issn=2633-3767}}</ref>==
▲{{incompletelistincomplete list|date=February 2014}}
 
(Dates in parentheses are years of service)
*Colonel H. E. R. James (1902–1908)
*Surgeon-General [[David Bruce (microbiologist)|Sir David Bruce]] [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath|KCB]], [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]],<ref name="FRS">{{cite doi|10.1098/rsbm.1932.0017}}</ref> (1914-1919), bacteriologist and parasitologist<ref name = "ODNB">[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32132 S R Christophers: 'Bruce, Sir David (1855–1931)' (rev. Helen J Power), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2008, accessed 23 May 2014]</ref>▼
*Colonel D. Wardrop (1908–1911)
*Colonel John Southey Bostock CBE (1930)<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2450396/?page=1</ref>▼
*Colonel E. J. Risk (1911–1912)
*Major-General William Porter MacArthur (1935 to 1938)<ref>{{cite web|title=MACARTHUR, Sir William Porter (1884-1964), Lieutenant General|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/MACARTHUR.shtml|work=Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives|publisher=King's College Londo|accessdate=8 February 2014}}</ref>▼
*Major-General [[Bruce Skinner|Bruce Morland Skinner]] {{post-nominals|size=100%|CB|CMG|MVO|MRCS}} (1912–14)
*Major-General [[James Baird (British Army officer)|James Baird]] (1971 to 1973) <ref>{{cite web|title=BAIRD, Sir James (Parlane) (born 1915), Lieutenant General|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/BAIRD1.shtml|work=Survey of the Papers of Senior UK Defence Personnel, 1900-1975|publisher=King's College London - Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives|accessdate=2 February 2014}}</ref>▼
▲*SurgeonMajor-General [[David Bruce (microbiologist)|Sir David Bruce]] [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath|KCB]], [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]],<ref name="FRS">{{citeCite journal doi| last1 = b. | first1 = J. R. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1932.0017 | title = Sir David Bruce. 1855–1931 | journal = [[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 1 | pages = 79–85 | year = 1932 | title-link = David Bruce (microbiologist) }}</ref> (1914-19191914–1919), bacteriologist and parasitologist<ref name = "ODNB">[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32132 S R Christophers: 'Bruce, Sir David (1855–1931)' (rev. Helen J Power), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2008, accessed 23 May 2014]</ref>
*Major-General [[Alan Reay]] (1977-1979)<ref>{{cite web|title=Lieutenant General Sir Alan Reay KBE FRCP Edin|url=http://www.rcpe.ac.uk/obituary/lieutenant-general-sir-alan-reay-kbe-frcp-edin|work=Obituaries|publisher=Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh|accessdate=17 March 2014}}</ref> ▼
*Major-General S. Guise Moores (1919–1920)
*Major-General [[Patrick Crawford]] (1989 to 1993)<ref>{{cite news|title=Major-General Patrick Crawford: distinguished Army physician|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article2084946.ece|accessdate=8 February 2014|newspaper=The Times|date=8 April 2009}}</ref>▼
*Colonel H. A. Hinge (1920–1922)
*Colonel C. B. Martin (1922–1924)
*Major-General C. W. Mainprise (1924–1925)
*Colonel [[Henry Edward Manning Douglas]] VC (1925–1929)
▲*Colonel John Southey Bostock [[CBE]] (19301929–1930)<ref name="BMJ">http[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2450396/?page=1 British Medical Journal (BMJ), 23 August 1930, 2(3633):page307, accessed 23 May 2014]</ref>
*Major-General [[Ralph Bignell Ainsworth|Sir Ralph Bignell Ainsworth]] Kt, [[Companion of The Most Honourable Order of the Bath|CB]], [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]], [[OBE]] (1930–1935)<ref>{{cite web|title = AINSWORTH, Major-General Sir Ralph Bignell |url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U233936|publisher=Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2014; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014 ; online edn, April 2014|access-date=28 September 2014}}</ref>
▲*Major-General [[William Porter MacArthur (1935British toArmy 1938officer)|William Porter MacArthur]] KCB (1935–1938)<ref>{{cite web|title=MACARTHUR, Sir William Porter (1884-19641884–1964), Lieutenant General|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/MACARTHUR.shtml|work=Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives|publisher=King's College LondoLondon|accessdateaccess-date=8 February 2014}}</ref>
*Major-General [[William Purdon|William Brooke Purdon]] (1938–1940)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Notes and reports re administration of the Royal Army Medical College during the Second World War, provided by Colonel F.S. Irvine for a medical history of the war|url=http://wellcomelibrary.org/item/b18559992|access-date=2021-03-25|website=Wellcome Library|language=en}}</ref>
*Major-General Francis Stephen Irvine (1940–1946)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Group|first=British Medical Journal Publishing|date=1946-06-01|title="Guest Night"|url=https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/86/6/233|journal=BMJ Military Health|language=en|volume=86|issue=6|pages=233–235|doi=10.1136/jramc-86-06-01|doi-broken-date=18 September 2024 |issn=2633-3767}}</ref>
*Major-General E. B. Marsh (1946–1948)
*Major-General [[John Cecil Alexander Dowse|John Dowse]] {{post-nominals| size=100%| country=GBR|CB|CBE|MC}} (1948–1949)
*Major-General J. M. Macfie (1949–1950)
*Major-General F. R. H. Mollan (1950–1953)
*Major-General F. C. Hilton-Sergeant (1953–1957)
*Major-General W. D. Hughes (1957–1960)
*Major-General Sir William Robert MacFarlane Drew (1960–1963)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.rcplondon.ac.uk/inspiring-physicians/sir-william-robert-macfarlane-drew|title=Sir William Robert MacFarlane Drew|publisher=Royal College of Physicians|access-date=22 March 2021}}</ref>
*Major-General Ambrose Neponucene Trelawney Meneces (1963–1966)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.rcplondon.ac.uk/inspiring-physicians/ambrose-neponucene-trelawney-meneces|title=Ambrose Neponucene Trelawney Meneces|publisher=Royal College of Physicians|access-date=22 March 2021}}</ref>
*Major-General John Mackenzie Matheson (1969–1971)<ref>{{Cite journal|author=British Medical Journal Publishing Group|date=19 February 2004|title=John Mackenzie Matheson|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/328/7437/467.7/related|journal=The BMJ|language=en|volume=328|issue=7437|pages=467|doi=10.1136/bmj.328.7437.467-f|s2cid=72914878 |issn=0959-8138}}</ref>
▲*Major-General [[James Baird (British Army officer)|James Baird]] (1971 to 19731971–1973) <ref>{{cite web|title=BAIRD, Sir James (Parlane) (born 1915), Lieutenant General|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/BAIRD1.shtml|work=Survey of the Papers of Senior UK Defence Personnel, 1900-19751900–1975|publisher=King's College London -– Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives|accessdateaccess-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>
*Major-General Simon Gavourin (1973–1977)
▲*Major-General [[Alan Reay]] (1977-19791977–1979)<ref>{{cite web|title=Lieutenant General Sir Alan Reay KBE FRCP Edin|url=http://www.rcpe.ac.uk/obituary/lieutenant-general-sir-alan-reay-kbe-frcp-edin|work=Obituaries|date=11 July 2013 |publisher=Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh|accessdateaccess-date=17 March 2014}}</ref>
*Major-General Robert Noel Evans (1979–1981)
*Major-General [[Joseph Crowdy|Joseph Porter Crowdy]] [[Order of the Bath|CB]] (1981–1984)
▲*Major-General [[Patrick Crawford]] (1989 to 19931989–1993)<ref>{{cite news|title=Major-General Patrick Crawford: distinguished Army physician|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article2084946.ece|accessdateaccess-date=8 February 2014|newspaper=The Times|date=8 April 2009}}</ref>
*Major-General George Osborne Cowan (1993–1996)<ref name=RDMC/>
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
{{Authority control}}
{{coord missing|London}}
 
[[Category:Training establishments of the British Army]]
[[Category:Art gallery districts]]
[[Category:Former buildings and structures in the City of Westminster]]
[[Category:ArtGrade galleryII districtslisted buildings in the City of Westminster]]
[[Category:Military-related organizations]]
[[Category:Grade II listed buildings in London]]
[[Category:Grade II listed hospital buildings]]
[[Category:Medical units and formations of the British Army]]
[[Category:Military history of London]]
[[Category:Military installations closed in 1999]]
[[Category:Millbank]]
[[Category:1999 disestablishments in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1907 establishments in the United Kingdom]]
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