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{{Main|Job in Islam}}
 
In the [[Qur'an]], Job ({{lang-ar|أيّوب |translit=Ayyūb}}) is considered a [[Prophets of Islam|prophet]] in [[Islam]].<ref>[[Abdullah Yusuf Ali]], ''[[The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary]]'', note 2739: "Job (Ayub) was a prosperous man, with faith in Allah, living somewhere in the north-east corner of Arabia. He suffers from a number of calamities: his cattle are destroyed, his servants slain by the sword, and his family crushed under his roof. But he holds fast to his faith in Allah. As a further calamity he is covered with loathsome sores from head to foot. He loses his peace of mind, and he curses the day he was born. His false friends come and attribute his afflictions to sin. These "Job's comforters" are no comforters at all, and he further loses his balance of mind, but Allah recalls to him all His mercies, and he resumes his humility and gives up self-justification. He is restored to prosperity, with twice as much as he had before; his brethren and friends come back to him; he had a new family of seven sons and three fair daughters. He lived to a good old age, and saw four generations of descendants. All this is recorded in the Book of Job in the Old Testament. Of all the Hebrew writings, the Hebrew of this Book comes nearest to Arabic."</ref> The narrative frame of Job's story in Islam is similar to the [[Hebrew Bible]] story but, in Islam, the emphasis is paid to Job remaining steadfast to God and there is no record of his bitterness or defiance, or mention of lengthy discussions with friends.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} Some [[Muslim]] [[Commentary (philology)|commentators]] also spoke of Job as being the ancestor of the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]].<ref name="autogenerated171">Brandon M. Wheeler, ''Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism'', ''Job'', p. 171</ref>
Muslim [[literature]] also comments on Job's time and place of prophecy, saying that he came after [[Joseph in Islam|Joseph]] in the prophetic series and that he preached to his own people rather than being sent to a specified community. Tradition further recounts that Job will be the leader of the group of "those who patiently endured" in [[Jannah|Heaven]].<ref>''Encyclopedia of Islam'', A. Jefferey, ''Ayyub''</ref> Philip K. Hitti asserted that the subject was an Arab and the setting was Northern Arabia.<ref>Hitti, Philip K. (1970). History of the Arabs: From the earliest time to the present. London: Macmillan Education LTD, 10th edition. pp. 42-43. ISBN ▼
0-333-06152-7 [https://archive.org/stream/HistoryOfTheArabs-PhilipK.Hitti/History%20of%20The%20Arabs%20-%20Philip%20K.%20Hitti#page/42/ Internet Archives website]</ref>
 
All this is recorded in the Book of Job in the Christian Jewish Old Testament. Of all the Hebrew writings, the Hebrew of this Book comes nearest to Arabic."</ref> The narrative frame of Job's story in Islam is similar to the [[Hebrew Bible]] story but, in Islam, the emphasis is paid to Job remaining steadfast to God and there is no record of his despair, or mention of discussions with friends.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} Some [[Muslim]] [[Commentary (philology)|commentators]] also spoke of Job as being the ancestor of the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]].<ref name="autogenerated171">Brandon M. Wheeler, ''Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism'', ''Job'', p. 171</ref>
The Qur'an mentions Job's narrative in a concise manner. Similar to the [[Hebrew Bible]] narrative, Islamic tradition mentions that [[Devil (Islam)|Satan]] heard the [[Islamic view of angels|angels]] of God speak of Job as being the most faithful man of his generation.<ref name="autogenerated2">[[Ibn Kathir]], ''Stories of the Prophets'', ''The Story of the Prophet Job''</ref> Job, being a chosen [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|prophet]] of God, would remain committed in daily prayer and would frequently call to God, thanking God for blessing him with abundant wealth and a large family. But Satan planned to turn the God-fearing Job away from God and wanted Job to fall into disbelief and corruption.<ref name="autogenerated2"/> Therefore, God allowed Satan to afflict Job with distress and intense illness and suffering,<ref name="autogenerated2"/> as God knew that Job would never turn away from his Lord.
▲Muslim [[literature]] also comments on Job's time and place of prophecy, saying that he came after [[Joseph in Islam|Joseph]] in the prophetic series and that he preached to his own people rather than being sent to a specified community. Tradition further recounts that Job will be the leader of the group of "those who patiently endured" in [[Jannah|Heaven]].<ref>''Encyclopedia of Islam'', A. Jefferey, ''Ayyub''</ref> Philip K. Hitti asserted that the subject was an Arab and the setting was Northern Arabia.<ref>Hitti, Philip K. (1970). History of the Arabs: From the earliest time to the present. London: Macmillan Education LTD, 10th edition. pp. 42-43. ISBN
 
The [[Qur'an]] describes Job as a righteous servant of [[Allah]] (God), who was afflicted by suffering for a lengthy period of time. However, it clearly states that Job never lost faith in [[God in Islam|God]] and forever called to God in prayer, asking him to remove his affliction:
{{Blockquote|And ˹remember˺ when Job cried out to his Lord, “I have been touched with adversity, and You are the Most Merciful of the merciful.”|{{qref|21|83|c=y}}}}
 
The narrative goes on to state that after many years of suffering, God ordered Job to "Strike with thy foot!".<ref>{{qref|38|41|b=y}}</ref> At once, Job struck the ground with his foot and God caused a cool spring of water to gush forth from the Earth, from which Job could replenish himself. The Qur'an says that it was then that God removed his pain and suffering and He returned Job's family to him, blessed him with many generations of descendants and granted him great wealth. In addition to the brief descriptions of Job's narrative, the [[Qur'an]] further mentions Job twice in the lists of those whom God had given special guidance, wisdom and inspiration (IV: 163) and as one of the men who received authority, the Book and the gift of prophethood (VI:84).
 
==Local traditions regarding Job==
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The [[Eyüp Sultan Mosque]] in [[Istanbul]], Turkey, holds the tomb of [[Abu Ayyub al-Ansari]], a [[Sahabi|companion]] of [[Muhammad]], not the biblical/Qur'anic Job (Ayyub in Arabic, Eyüp in Turkish), though some locals tend to conflate the two.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
 
===Modern IsraelPalestine===
In [[Culture of Palestine|Palestinian]] folk tradition,{{citation needed|date=October 2019}} Job's place of trial is [[Al-Jura]], or Al-Joura, a village outside the town of [[Al-Majdal, Askalan|Al-Majdal]] (today's [[Ashkelon]], [[Israel]]). It was there God rewarded him with a [[fountain of youth]] that removed whatever illnesses he had, and gave him back his youth.
 
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The town of [[al-Shaykh Saad]] in the [[Hauran]] region in [[Syria]] has been associated with Job since at least the 4th-century AD. Karnein was mentioned in Eusebius' [[Eusebius#Onomasticon|Onomasticon]] as a town of Bashan that was said to be the location of the house of Job. [[Egeria (pilgrim)|Egeria the pilgrim]] relates that a church was built over the place in March or February 384 AD, and that the place was known as the "town of Job", or "''civitas Job''". According to Egeria's account the body of Job was laid in a stone coffin below the altar.<ref name= Pringle>Pringle, 1998, p. 239.</ref> According to tradition, ''Hammam Ayyub'' is a fountain in the town where Job washed himself when he was sick, and is reputed to have healing powers.<ref name=Strange194>Schumacher; Oliphant; le Strange, 1886, p. [https://archive.org/stream/acrossjordanbein00schu#page/194/mode/1up 194].</ref> Another holy artifact in the town is the "Rock of Job", known in local folklore as the place where he sat when he was afflicted with the disease.<ref name=Strange191>Schumacher; Oliphant; le Strange, 1886, p.[https://archive.org/stream/acrossjordanbein00schu#page/191/mode/1up 191].</ref>
 
===Adma'Urfa, Upper MesopotamiaTurkey===
The city of [[Urfa]] (ancient Adma', later [[Edessa]]) in the [[Şanlıurfa Province]], or [[Harran]] region of southeastern [[Turkey]], also claims to be the location at which Job underwent his ordeal in a cave. The location boasts an [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]-style mosque and madrasa that runs as shops today. A well exists within the complex, said to be the one formed when he struck the ground with his foot as described in the Quran. The water is considered to be miraculously curing. The whole complex underwent recent restoration.<ref>[http://www.surkav.org.tr/?bs=26&ID=2 Eyyüb Nebi Çevre Düzenleme Projesi](Turkish)</ref> The tomb of Job is located outside the city of Urfa.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
 
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