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{{short description|Austrian intersex skier (born 1948)}}
[[File:20140321 Dancing Stars Erik Schinegger 4198.jpg|thumb|upright|Erik Schinegger 2014]]
'''Erik Schinegger''' (born 19 June 1948) is an [[Austria]]n [[intersexuality|intersex]] skier. He was the [[
==
Schinegger was born in [[Agsdorf]], [[Carinthia (state)|Carinthia]], and raised as a girl.▼
Schinegger first attracted attention when he finished third in the downhill in Grindelwald on 14 January 1966 with start no. 24 and thus contributed to an ÖSV quadruple success (Christl Haas, Edith Zimmermann; fourth Traudl Hecher); he also won the downhill in St-Gervais on 29 January with a 1.53 sec. lead over Nancy Greene. He also won the downhill in St-Gervais on 29 January with a lead of 1.53 sec. over Nancy Greene and on 25 March 1966 the downhill in Sun Valley in the "Five Nations Competition" (again ahead of Greene).<ref>''Erika Schinegger - die Sensation von Grindelwald.'' In: ''Volkszeitung Kärnten'' No. 10 of 15 January 1966, page 8.</ref><ref>''Erika Schinegger came up trumps.'' In: ''Volkszeitung Kärnten'' No. 23 of 30 January 1966, page 7.</ref><ref>''Erika Schinegger's great success.'' In: ''Volkszeitung Kärnten'' No. 71 of 27 March 1966, page 6, bottom.</ref>
Schinegger's greatest success was winning the women's downhill world championship title at the [[FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966]] in [[Portillo, Chile]]. At the [[Gold Key Race]] in [[Schruns]], Schinegger finished second on 18 January 1967, followed by her only victory in an [[Alpine Ski World Cup|World Cup Race]], a giant slalom, on 28 January 1967 in [[Saint-Gervais-les-Bains|Saint-Gervais]]. In February 1967, Schinegger won the [[Austrian Alpine Ski Championships 1967|Austrian Championships]] in the giant slalom.
Before the [[1968 Winter Olympics]] in [[Grenoble]], a [[Sex verification in sports|medical examination]] revealed that Schinegger was genetically male. Schinegger, whose gender had not been correctly identified for years due to inward growing genitals, a so-called [[pseudohermaphroditism]], decided to have surgery and change his first name from Erika to Erik.
Schinegger was not retroactively stripped of the [[Alpine World Ski Championships 1966|World Champion title of 1966]], but the then runner-up [[Marielle Goitschel]] was retroactively awarded the gold medal as well. In 1988 Schinegger himself presented his World Championship gold medal to Marielle Goitschel,<ref name="standard">[http://derstandard.at/2000012012593/Erik-Schinegger-Der-Grossvater-der-Weltmeisterin-war ''Erik Schinegger - The grandfather of the world champion was.''] In: ''derstandard.at'', 23 February 2015.</ref> however, she gave him back the medal.<ref name="ORF">[https://sportv1.orf.at/081119-10228/?href=https%3A%2F%2Ffly.jiuhuashan.beauty%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fsportv1.orf.at%2F081119-10228%2F10231bigstory_txt.html ''The Schinegger Story''] In: ''orf.at'', 8 November 2019.</ref>
==See also==▼
Schinegger married and became father of a daughter in 1978.<ref name="standard" /> He lives as owner of a children's ski school and two inns in his hometown [[Sankt Urban (Bezirk Feldkirchen)|Agsdorf]] in Carinthia and has two grandsons.<ref>[https://www.kleinezeitung.at/kaernten/feldkirchen/4048739/Mittelkaernten_Liebe-lockte-sie-in-die-Grossstadt ''Mittelkärnten: Love lured her to the big city, She is the daughter of the well-known skier Erik Schinegger and grew up in St. Urban. Now Claire Sybrecht lives in Dortmund with her own family.''], kleinezeitung.at, 8 May 2013</ref>.
*[[Gender verification in sports]]▼
In 1988 Erik Schinegger wrote together with Marco Schenz the book ''Mein Sieg über mich. The man who became world champion'', in which he came to terms with his life. This book was very successful, especially in the French translation. Schinegger's story was depicted in 2005 by [[Kurt Mayer (film producer)|Kurt Mayer]] in the documentary film ''ERIK(A) - Der Mann der Weltmeisterin wurde''<ref>[http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41-Rvu3bsUL.jpg film poster]</ref> (music: [[Olga Neuwirth]]). At the 53rd [[Trento Film Festival]] the film was awarded the "Silver Gentian" in the same year.<ref>ORF press release: [http://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20050510_OTS0037 ''Silver Gentian for ORF-co-financed cinema documentary "Erik(a)".''] In: ''ots.at'', 10 May 2005.</ref>
==References==▼
In 2014, he took part in the [[Österreichischer Rundfunk|ORF]] show [[Dancing Stars]], but dropped out prematurely due to injury.<ref>[https://diepresse.com/home/kultur/medien/1597982/Dancing-Stars_Erik-Schinegger-verlaesst-die-Show ''"Dancing Stars": Erik Schinegger leaves the show.''] In: ''diepresse.com'', 24 April 2014.</ref> In 2015, he served as [[Municipal council|councilor]] in his home municipality of [[Sankt Urban (Kärnten)|Sankt Urban]].<ref name="standard" />
On 17 March 2017, a major fire occurred on Schinegger's estate in Agsdorf, completely burning down the entire farm building.<ref>{{internet source |url=http://kaernten.orf.at/news/stories/2831621/ |title=Major fire at Erik Schinegger |werk=kaernten.orf.at |date=2017-03-17 |call=2017-03-17}}</ref>
In the feature film ''[[Erik & Erika]]'' by [[Reinhold Bilgeri]] from 2018, his life was again thematised with [[Markus Freistätter]] in the leading role. Titled ''One like Erika'', the film was shown on [[Das Erste|Ersten]] on 25 November 2020.
== Awards ==
* In the election held on 19 December 1966 for ''[[Sportsman of the Year (Austria)|Austria's Sportsman of the Year]]'', Schinegger came second(r) behind [[Emmerich Danzer]] with 837 points (18 first places) and was thus practically ''Sportswoman of the Year''; [[Heidi Zimmermann]] came third.<ref>{{Arbeiterzeitung|title=Emmerich Danzer Sportsman of the Year|date=1966-12-20|page=12}}</ref>
* Before adjusting to manhood, Erik(a) Schinegger of the Sports Press Club of Carinthia was twice (1966, 1967) best female athlete in the election "Carinthian Sportsman of the Year"<ref>Mediathek Villach: [http://villach.awm.at/kaerntens-sportler-des-jahres.html ''Favourite for Carinthia's sportsman of the year is "Mathias Mayer".''] In: ''villach.awm.at'', retrieved on 28 December 2015.</ref>
== Works ==
* Erik/Erika Schinegger: ''My victory over me. The man who became world champion.'' recorded by Marco Schenz, F.A. Herbig, Munich 1988, ISBN 0-283-92112-9.
* Erik Schinegger: ''With a Porsche to new self-confidence.'' In: Landesschiverband / Kleine Zeitung (ed.): ''Vom Großglockner zum Klammer-Stich. 100 Years of Skiing in Carinthia.'' Carinthia Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-85378-622-2, pp. 29-34.
* Erik Schinegger: ''The man who became world champion: My two lives'', recorded by Claudio Honsal. Amalthea Signum Verlag, Vienna 2018, ISBN 978-3-99050-114-6.
== Literature ==
* Matthias Marschik / Georg Spitaler (eds.): ''Heroes and Idols: Sports Stars in Austria'', StudienVerlag, 2006, pp. 355-359, ISBN 3-7065-4253-6.
* Erik Schinegger: an Intersex Epic in Alpine Skiing'', in: [[Patricia Nell Warren]]: ''The Lavender Locker Room: 3000 Years of Great Athletes Whose Sexual Orientation Was Different'', Beverly Hills, Wildcat Press 2006, p. 227, ISBN 1-889135-07-0
== Films ==
* ''[[ERIK(A) - Der Mann der Weltmeisterin wurde]]'' (Documentary, 2005), Producer: [[Kurt Mayer (Filmproducer)|Kurt Mayer]]
* ''[[Erik & Erika]]'' (feature film, Germany/Austria 2018), director: [[Reinhold Bilgeri]]; first broadcast on TV on 6 January 2020 on [[Österreichischer Rundfunk|ORF]] and under the title ''Einer wie Erika'' on 25 November 2020 on [[Das Erste|Ersten]]<ref>[https://www.daserste.de/unterhaltung/film/filmmittwoch-im-ersten/sendung/einer-wie-erika-100.html ''Einer wie Erika''] In: ''daserste.de'', retrieved 21 November 2020.</ref>
== Web links ==
{{Commonscat}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070702035417/http://www.firstchoicefilms.at/erik(A)/en/ website for the film Erik(A)] with historical newspaper articles and information on the "affair" at the time.
* [http://www.schinegger-erik.com/ Website of the entrepreneur Erik Schinegger]
* [https://epaper.tagesanzeiger.ch/index.cfm/epaper/1.0/share/default?defId=20&publicationDate=2019-12-28&newspaperName=Tages%2DAnzeiger&pageNo=36&articleId=105017581&signature=B19F82A5E5E6DAA71DA0004FA8782C409E491CF5 ''The man who became world champion''] [[Tages-Anzeiger]], 28 December 2019
▲== References ==
<references />
▲==See also==
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Intersex sportspeople]]
[[Category:Intersex men]]
[[Category:Alpine ski racer (Austria)]]
[[Category:Austrian champion (alpine skiing)]]
[[Category:Contestant on Dancing Stars]]
[[Category:Sankt Urban (Carinthia)]]
[[Category:Intergender person]]
[[Category:Austrian]]
[[Category:Man]]
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