Fauna of Indonesia: Difference between revisions

650 bird species occur in Wallacea, of which 265 species are endemic. Among the 235 genera represented, 26 of them are endemic. 16 genera are restricted to Sulawesi and its surrounding islands. Approximately 356 species, including 96 endemic bird species live on the island of Sulawesi.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} One of them is theThe maleo (''[[Macrocephalon maleo]]''), a bird currently seen as endangered and foundoccurs entirely within the Wallacea.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mees |first=G.F. |title=Bird records from the Moluccas |journal=Zoologische Mededelingen |year=1982 |volume=56 |issue=7 |pages=91–111 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/318998}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Hellebrekers |first=W.Ph.J. |author2=Hoogerwerf, A. |title=A further contribution to our ecological knowledge of the Island of Java (Indonesia) |journal=Zoologische Verhandelingen |year=1967 |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=1–164 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/317794}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Mees |first=G.F. |title=A list of the birds recorded from Bangka Island, Indonesia |journal=Zoologische Verhandelingen |year=1986 |volume=232 |issue=1 |pages=1–176 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/317664}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Mees |first=G.F. |title=The avifauna of Flores (Lesser Sunda Islands) |journal=Zoologische Mededelingen |volume=80 |issue=3 |pages=1–261 |year=2006 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/209697}}</ref>

With 222 species, of which 99 are endemic, Wallacea has high reptile diversity. Among these are 118 lizard species, of which 60 are endemic; 98 snake species,<ref>{{cite journal |last=Bosch |first=H.A.J. in den |title=Snakes of Sulawesi: checklist, key and additional Biogeographical remarks |journal=Zoologische Verhandelingen |year=1985 |volume=217 |issue=1 |pages=1–50 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/317584}}</ref> of which 37 are endemic; five turtle species, two of them are endemic; and one crocodile species, the Indo-Pacific crocodile (''[[Crocodylus porosus]]'').

There are about 310 species of fish recorded from the rivers and lakes of Wallacea, 75 species of them are endemic. Although little is still known about the fishes of the Moluccas and the Lesser Sunda Islands, 6 species are recorded as endemic. On Sulawesi, there are 69 known species, of which 53 are endemic. The Malili lakes in South Sulawesi, with its complex of deep lakes, rapids and rivers, have at least 15 endemic telmatherinid fishes, two of them representing endemic genera, three endemic ''Oryzias'', two endemic halfbeaks, and seven endemic [[goby|gobies]].{{cn}}

There are about 82 species of [[Ornithoptera|birdwing butterflies]] recorded in Wallacea, 44 of them are endemic.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Vane-Wright |first=R.I. |author2=de Jong, R. |title=The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna |journal=Zoologische Verhandelingen |year=2003 |volume=343 |pages=3–267 |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/220217}}</ref> 109 tiger beetle species are also recorded within this region, 79 of which are endemic. One of the most astonishing species is perhaps the world's largest bee ''([[Megachile pluto|Chalicodoma pluto]])'' in the northern Moluccas, an insect in which the females can grow up to four centimetres in length. This bee species nests communally in inhabited termite nests in lowland forest trees.