Motion Picture Patents Company: Difference between revisions

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At the time of the formation of the MPPC, [[Thomas Edison]] owned most of the major [[patent|patents]] relating to motion pictures, especially that for raw film. The MPPC vigorously enforced its patents, constantly bringing [[Lawsuit|suits]] and receiving injunctions against independent filmmakers. Many filmmakers responded by moving their operations to [[Hollywood, California|Hollywood]], whose distance from Edison's home base of [[New Jersey]] made it more difficult for the MPPC to enforce its patents. Also, the proximity of Southern California to [[Mexico]] was convenient for Hollywood filmmakers; word that MPPC agents were traveling to California would usually precede the agents' arrival, allowing the filmmakers to flee to Mexico. Southern California was also chosen because of its beautiful year-round weather and varied countryside, which could stand in for deserts, jungles and great mountains.
 
The reasons for its decline are manifold. The most important ones are the misjudgement of consumer interest and the quick rise of the so-called [[Independent film|Independents]], who later became the [[Second Oligopoly]]. There were also [[United States|U.S.]] [[Supreme Court]] decisions, in particular one in [[1912]], which cancelled the patent on raw film, and a second in 1915, which cancelled all MPPC patents. A later suit under the [[Sherman Antitrust Act]] in 1917 ended the oligopoly, but by then, the MPPC was already defeated.
 
==See also ==