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In [[botanical nomenclature]], '''autonyms''' are automatically created names, as regulated by the ''[[International Code of
==Definition==
The definition of an autonym is in Art. 6.8 of the
:"''6.8.'' Autonyms are such names as can be established automatically under
:"''22.3.'' The first instance of valid publication of a name of a [[genus|subdivision of a genus]] under a legitimate generic name automatically establishes the corresponding autonym (see also Art. 11.6 and 32.8)." The form of this autonym is described in the earlier Art. 22.1: "The name of any subdivision of a genus that includes the [[botanical type|type]] of the [...] name of the genus to which it is assigned is to repeat the generic name unaltered as its epithet, not followed by an author citation [...] Such names are termed autonyms".
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==Interpretation==
The application of names of taxonomic groups is determined by means of nomenclatural types (Principle II of the
In the case of an infraspecific taxon, if a botanist described a new taxon and publishes a new name at infraspecific level, all elements that previously belonged to the species (and are not included in the newly described taxon) now become a new infraspecific taxon. But as neither the type nor the final epithet has changed, there is no need for a change in author citation.
The same goes for a subdivision of a genus. If a botanist creates a new subdivision of a genus, for example by dividing a large genus into two or more
As will be clear from the definition, an autonym can be one of two kinds:
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:: [[Magnolia|''Magnolia'' L. sect. ''Magnolia'']], automatically established when [[Candolle|A.P. de Candolle]] published sect. ''Gwillimia'' DC., in: Syst. Nat. 1 (1817): 455.
* for a taxon at a rank below that of species (an infraspecific taxon), in which case the infraspecific epithet repeats the specific epithet (Art. 26), for example
:: [[Elmerrillia|''Elmerrillia papuana'' (Schltr.) Dandy var. ''papuana'']], automatically established when var. ''glaberrima'' Dandy, and var. ''adpressa'' Dandy were published
==Other provisions concerning autonyms==
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The same goes, ''mutatis mutandis'', for infraspecific taxa.<ref>ICBN (Vienna Code) Art. 26.2. "A name of an infraspecific taxon that includes the type [...] of the [...] name of the species is not validly published unless its final epithet repeats the specific epithet unaltered. [...]"</ref>
An autonym is considered to have been published at exactly the same time as the earliest name(s) in that particular rank under the genus or species
::When [[Alfred Rehder|Rehder]] & [[Ernest Henry Wilson|Wilson]] in [[Charles Sprague Sargent|C.S. Sargent]], Pl. Wilson. 1 (1913): 392, published ''Magnolia officinalis'' Rehder & E.H. Wilson var. ''biloba'', they established at the same time ''Magnolia officinalis'' Rehder & E.H. Wilson var. ''officinalis'', even though that name was nowhere mentioned in ''Plantae Wilsonianae''.
The autonym has nomenclatural [[Principle of Priority|priority]] over the name (or the names, as the case may be) that established it (
::When ''Heracleum sibiricum'' L., with subsp. ''lecokii'' (Godr. & Gren.) Nyman and subsp. ''sibiricum'' (autonym), is placed under [[Common Hogweed|''Heracleum sphondylium'' L.]] as a subspecies, then the correct name of the subspecies is ''Heracleum sphondylium'' L. subsp. ''sibiricum'' (L.) Simonk.<ref>ICBN (Vienna Code) Art. 11 Ex. 25.</ref> This can be viewed as uniting the subspecies ''lecokii'' and the subspecies ''sibiricum'' into one subspecies, and as such a choice has to be made between the two subspecies names; the autonym ''sibiricum'' has priority.
The type of an autonym is the same as that for the corresponding genus or species
==See also==
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==Notes and references==
<references/>
{{DEFAULTSORT:Autonym (Botany)}}
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