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Anuj Narula
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@Anuj Narula- Welcome to Wikipedia. I have seen this media documentary sometime in the beginning 2014 and yes both part 1 and 2. Reffing is word used by most of the media sources and that is technically correct. no one said that ins vikramaditya did not cost 2.3 billion, all it was an extensive reffing process that's all and it took roughly 14 to 17 years to complete after including negations and sea trials. Reffing process usually involves modifying, improving, rebuilding and adding new capabilities on an existing platform so there is no point in telling modifying and rebuilding as reffing encompasses all that. Thank you and Good Bye.[[User:Nicky mathew|Nicky mathew]] ([[User talk:Nicky mathew#top|talk]]) 07:26, 21 April 2016 (UTC)
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@Nicky - With all politeness, kindly pardon my insistence young man, but re-building is "not" a part of refitting. A standard shipyard cannot rebuild an existing ship, without very major hassles and burnout. Refitting instead is very common these days in most yards. Refitting spans:
a) Modification of weapon stations and in certain cases torpedo tubes and sonars.
b) Replacement of old malfunctioning equipment with repaired equipment, and if a better, more technically advanced version of the same is available, then would be installed instead.
c) Bringing back to life damaged sections that interfere with the standard operating procedure of the ship and obstruct the execution of the captain's orders. An example of this would be inner plating in the ship's keel and rudder area. It has to be checked, since the rudder oscillates between port and starboard often, extensive use of which in a rigorous manner can result in cracks that are very dangerous. As a ship gets old, this section must be restored to it's original condition, else the ship will develop a weakness that can sink it despite being very stable in design otherwise. And it's generally not easy for the crew to detect while engaged in battle or exercise.
d) Changing of engine tubes, meters and piping, as well as modifying the stokehold to work at higher capacities. This is not done often but if a certain deployment demands greater speed and risks overheating the already heated engine, then it would be done as part of an extensive refit process for a conventional carrier. CVN carriers however do not need this type of refit. They need a method by which their reactor can cross safety limits and provide the requisite speed without risking the ship and crew of a nuclear hazard.
e) Upgradation of computers, radar sections, motors, and installation of new software to work with the new machines. The software part, in fact, is quite challenging and very difficult to perfect. There are not many yards that will have the contractors with expertise and experience needed to perform software upgrades for a carrier, or even a frigate for that matter.
f) Addition of fresh hydraulic pumps and pressure-based components to keep the ship's hydraulic circuit active or improving it.
g) Refurbishment and galvanization of the outer hull from the side that is exposed to the sea. This is very common. It is done to combat corrosion.
h) Part repairs of the deck and of the hull-structure in places that have a high weight load and are responsible for balancing the beam. This is very difficult and not always possible. But it would be done for very old ships. It does involve some amount of replacement construction, but only in sparse amounts. Not more than 4% of the ship would actually end up being touched in this process, if the yard keeps safety in mind.
All of the above I have illustrated to explain what refitting involves on ground. If you read carefully, you will notice that none of these things actually extend the service life of a ship more than 5 years, or 8 years probably if all of it is done properly. You do not disturb the compartment design of the ship to perform such a refit either. Most of the cabling can remain intact. The hull of the ship again, does not change shape and bouyancy.
To make that kind of extreme modification, you will need to break down a lot of the ship and re-build it in the true sense. And it all has to be done without damaging the hull.
Hence, the huge amount of time and huge cost overrun that was needed to complete the Work on R33 - INS Vikramaditya. More than a 1000 compartments were re-made. Over 2300 kilometres of cabling was re-done. And if you closely examine the hull of the Baku and INS Vikramaditya, you will start to notice the difference. If you have the good fortune of being able to proceed into the carrier, you will see even more of a difference. In the end, it has all come to fruition and we now have a carrier that can go for at least 3 decades since commission and if maintained well, a bit more. It is not just a 5 or 8 year extension.
So there you have it - "modify and refit" vs "modify and rebuild".
Regards,
Anuj
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