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The Western Targumim on the Torah, or Palestinian Targumim as they are also called, consist of three manuscript groups: [[Targum Neofiti]] I, Fragment Targums, and Cairo Geniza Fragment Targums.
Of these [[Targum Neofiti]] I is by far the largest. It consist of 450 folios covering all books of the Pentateuch, with only a few damaged verses. The history of the manuscript begins 1587 when the censor [[Andrea de Monte]] (d. 1587) bequeathed it to Ugo Boncompagni—which presents an oddity, since Boncompagni, better known as [[Pope Gregory XIII]], died in 1585. The route of transmission may instead be by a certain "Giovan Paolo Eustachio romano neophito."<ref>''Studi di biblioteconomia e storia del libro in onore di Francesco Barberi'', ed. Giorgio De Gregori, Maria Valenti – 1976 "(42) Trascrivo una supplica dell'Eustachio al Sirleto : « Giovan Paolo Eustachio romano neophito devotissimo servidor di... (44) « Die 22 mensis augusti 1602. Inventarium factum in domo illustrissimi domini Ugonis Boncompagni posita".</ref> Before this de Monte had censored it by deleting most references to idolatry. In 1602 Boncompagni's estate gave it to the
The Fragment Targums (formerly known as Targum Yerushalmi II) consist of many fragments that have been divided into ten manuscripts. Of these P, V and L were first published in 1899 by M Ginsburger, A, B, C, D, F and G in 1930 by P Kahle and E in 1955 by A Díez Macho. Unfortunately, these manuscripts are all too fragmented to confirm what their purpose were, but they seem to be either the remains of a single complete targum or short variant readings of another targum. As a group, they often share theological views and with Targum Neofiti, which has led to the belief that they could be variant readings of that targum.<ref name="McNamara" /><ref name="Sysling" />
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