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Min Chi-rok

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In this Korean name, the family name is Min.

Min Chi-rok (Korean: 민치록; Hanja: 閔致祿; 1799 – 17 September 1858), commonly known by his regnal title Internal Prince Yeoseong (Korean: 여성부원군; Hanja: 驪城府院君), also known as Duke Hyojeong (Korean: 효정공; Hanja: 孝貞公) or Duke Sungan (Korean: 순간공; Hanja: 純簡公), was a Korean political figure of the Joseon Dynasty. He was the father of Empress Myeongseong and the maternal grandfather of King Sunjong of Korea. After he died, his son-in-law, King Gojong of Korea, promoted him to Uijeongbu and Yeonguijeong.[1]

Min Chi-rok
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationMin Chirok
McCune–ReischauerMin Chirok

Biography

Min Chi-rok was born into the aristocratic Yeoheung Min clan in 1799 as the only son of Min Gi-hyeon, and his third wife, Lady Jeong of the Yeonil Jeong clan. Min was a great-great-grandson of Min Jin-hu; Queen Inhyeon’s eldest brother.

When Min Chi-rok was young, he studied under scholar Oh Hui-sang (오희상), and eventually married Oh Hui-sang's daughter as his first wife, Lady Haeryeong of the Haeju Oh clan. She died at 36 in 1833 with no heirs. After mourning for 3 years, he married Yi Gyu-nyeon's daughter, Lady Hanchang of the Hansan Yi clan in 1836. They eventually had a son and two daughters, but they all died prematurely.[2] His wife then gave birth to a third daughter, Min Ja-yeong, on 17 November 1851 who would become the future Queen Consort to King Gojong.

He died with an illness while he was in Sado City, Honshu, Japan on 17 September 1858. This led to his wife and daughter to live with his relatives in the House of Gamgodang, the house that King Sukjong built for Queen Inhyeon’s father in 1687, until his daughter became Queen. In 1861, a relative of his clan, Min Seung-ho, became his adoptive son to continue his family line.

When his daughter, Min Jayeong, became Queen Consort in 1866, he was granted the royal title of “Min Chi-rok, Internal Prince Yeoseong”, and appointed as Yeonguijeong after his death. His wife was also posthumously honored as Hanchang, Princess Consort to the Internal Prince (한창부부인).[3][4][5]

His wife died from a bombing assassination in 1874, along with their adoptive son, Min Seung-ho.[6][7][8]

Prior to his wife’s death, his daughter had involved herself in politics, which showed that Queen Min had a skillful hand in. But because of her involvement, this eventually brought his clan, the Yeoheung Min clan, more influence in politics and life threats from the Queen’s father-in-law, Heungseon Daewongun, who sought to get rid of her as he believed in isolationism.

His daughter soon faced an ill-fate when she got assassinated in their husband’s private living quarters on 8 October 1895. Her death brought rage from various western powers, as Queen Min brought their influence into Joseon Dynasty politics.

Family

  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Min Hyo-son (Hangul: 민효손, Hanja: 閔孝孫)[9]
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (본관: 파평 윤씨); daughter of Yun Ji-kang (윤지강의 딸)
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Min Se-ryu (Hangul: 민세류, Hanja: 閔世瑠)[10]
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Lee of the Jeonui Lee clan (본관: 전의 이씨); (이인석의 딸) daughter of Lee In-seok (이인석, 李仁錫)
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Min Gi (Hangul: 민기, Hanja: 閔機) (1504-18 January 1568)
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Kim of the (old) Andong Kim clan (본관: 구 안동 김씨, 舊 安東 金氏); (김택의 딸) daughter of Kim Taek (김택, 金澤)
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Min Gwang-hun (Hangul: 민광훈, Hanja: 閔光勳) (1595–1659), scholar during the reign of King Injong.
  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Yi of the Yeonan Yi clan (본관: 연안 이씨); (이광정의 딸) daughter of Yi Gwang-jeong (이광정, 李光庭) and Lady Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (본관: 양천 허씨, 陽川 許氏)
  • Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Min Yu-jung (민유중, 閔維重) (1630–1687).
  • Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
  • Great-Great-Grandfather
  • Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Yi of the Yeonan Yi clan (본관: 연안 이씨); daughter of Yi Deok-ro (이덕로, 李德老), Min Jin-hu’s second wife
  • Great-Grandfather
    • Min Ik-su (민익수, 閔翼洙) (1690–1742).
  • Grandfather
    • Min Baek-bun (민백분, 閔百奮) (1723–?).
  • Father
    • Min Gi-hyeon (민기현, 閔耆顯) (1751 – 1 August 1811); was appointed to Kaeseong Ministry
  • Mother
    • Stepmother - Lady Jo the Haman Jo clan (함안 조씨, 咸安 趙氏) (1748 - 4 April 1764)
    • Stepmother - Lady Yi of the Seongju Yi clan (성주 이씨, 星州 李氏) (1763 - 15 March 1792)
    • Biological mother - Lady Jeong of the Yeonil Jeong clan (본관: 연일 정씨, 延日 鄭氏) (1773 - 9 March 1838); Min Gi-hyeon’s third wife
  • Wives and their children
    • Lady Haeryeong of the Haeju Oh clan (해령부부인 해주 오씨, 海寧府夫人 海州 吳氏) (1798 - 15 March 1833)[11]
    • Lady Hanchang of the Hansan Yi clan (한창부부인 한산 이씨, 韓昌府夫人 李氏) (1818 - 30 November 1874)
      • Unnamed son
      • Unnamed daughter
      • Unnamed daughter
      • Adoptive son - Min Seung-ho (민승호, 閔升鎬) (1830 - 30 November 1874)[12]; son of Min Chi-gu (1795-1874)
        • Adoptive daughter-in-law - Lady Kim of the Gwangsan Kim clan (본관: 광산 김씨, 光山 金氏) (? - ? 23 April); Min Seung-ho's first wife
          • Unnamed adoptive grandson (? - 1874)
          • Adoptive grandson - Min Yeong-ik (민영익, 閔泳翊) (1860-1914)[13]; eldest son of Min Tae-ho (1834-1884)
        • Lady Kim of the Yeonan Kim clan (본관: 연안 김씨, 延安 金氏) (? - ? 11 February); Min Seung-ho’s second wife
        • Lady Yi of the Deoksu Yi clan (본관: 덕수 이씨, 德水 李氏) (? - ? 1 July); Min Seung-ho’s third wife
      • Daughter - Min Ja-yeong, Empress Myeongseong of the Yeoheung Min clan (17 November 1851 - 8 October 1895) (민자영, 閔玆暎) (명성황후 민씨)

References

  1. ^ "조선왕조실록". National Institute of Korean History (in Korean).
  2. ^ "열성황후왕비세보(列聖皇后王妃世譜)". 디지털 장서각. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
  3. ^ 음서로 벼슬에 올라 장악원과 사도시의 첨정을 지냈으며, 딸이 왕비로 간택되면서 영의정에 추증되고 여성부원군(驪城府院君)에 추봉되었다
  4. ^ 한영우, 24쪽 ~ 27쪽에서
  5. ^ 지두환, 241쪽
  6. ^ Oh, Yeong-Seop (2007). 《한국 근현대사를 수놓은 인물들(1)》. p. 315.
  7. ^ Min Seung-ho, Min Seung-ho's son, and his adoptive mother, Gamgodang Hansan Yi, all died on the spot.
  8. ^ Bird Bishop, Isabella. Korea and Her Neighbours. Revell. p. 255. She had cut many lives short, but in doing so she had not violated Korean tradition and custom, and some excuse for her has been offered in the fact that soon after the King's accession his father sent to the house of Her Majesty's brother an infernal machine in a shape of a beautiful box, which on being opened exploded, killing her mother, brother, and nephew, as well as some others. Since then he plotted against her own life, and the feud between them was usually at fever heat.
  9. ^ His daughter became a concubine for King Yeonsangun
  10. ^ Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Yeoheung Min clan is his sister who became a concubine for King Yeonsangun
  11. ^ Daughter of Oh Hui-sang (오희상, 吳熙常)
  12. ^ The younger brother of his relative, Grand Internal Princess Consort Sunmok
  13. ^ The older brother of his relative, Empress Sunmyeong
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