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COVID-19 vaccination in Africa

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COVID-19 vaccination programs have begun in many countries and territories in Africa. As of 1 July 2021, vaccination campaigns had started in 51 African countries with 35 million people receiving at least one dose.[1][2]

COVID-19 vaccination in Africa
COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution in Africa
Date2021
CauseCOVID-19 pandemic in Africa
Share of people who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine in Africa

Graph of total doses administered in Africa

Background

Approvals

 
Map of countries by approval status
  Approved for general use, mass vaccination underway
  EUA (or equivalent) granted, mass vaccination underway
  EUA granted, limited vaccination
  Approved for general use, mass vaccination planned
  EUA granted, mass vaccination planned
  EUA pending
  Vaccination Not Planned

Manufacturing

Johnson & Johnson

In a manufacturing deal, Johnson and Johnson’s plan to manufacture 220 Million vaccine at The Aspen Pharmacare manufacturing facility in Gqeberha, Eastern Cape. They plan to distribute the vaccine to other African countries with 30 million to go to South Africa.[3][4][5]

Sputnik V

Algeria's pharmaceutical minister Lotfi Benbahmad announced that an agreement had been reached to produce Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine at Saidal's manufacturing plant in Constantine.[6]

Statistics

Updated September 21, 2024.
COVID-19 vaccine distribution by location in Africa[7]
Location Vaccinated[a] Percent[b]
  Mauritius 1,123,773 88.06%
  Botswana 1,951,054 79.96%
  Rwanda 10,884,714 79.74%
  Tunisia 8,896,848 73.41%
  Liberia 3,903,802 72.65%
  Seychelles 88,520 70.52%
  Mozambique 22,869,646 70.03%
  Cabo Verde 356,734 68.64%
  Sierra Leone 5,676,123 68.58%
  Morocco 25,020,168 67.03%
  Guinea 8,715,641 62.01%
  Sao Tome and Principe 140,256 61.97%
  Zambia 11,711,565 58.11%
  Comoros 438,825 52.60%
  Central African Republic 2,600,389 51.01%
  Egypt 56,907,320 50.53%
  Somalia 8,972,167 50.40%
  Zimbabwe 7,525,882 46.83%
  Angola 16,550,642 46.44%
  Ivory Coast 13,568,372 44.64%
  Lesotho 1,014,073 44.36%
  Eswatini 526,050 43.16%
  Mauritania 2,103,754 43.15%
  Uganda 20,033,188 42.34%
  Nigeria 93,829,430 42.05%
  Ethiopia 52,489,510 41.86%
  Ghana 13,864,186 41.82%
  South Sudan 4,315,127 39.15%
  South Africa 24,210,952 38.81%
  Djibouti 421,573 37.07%
  Guinea-Bissau 747,057 35.48%
  Libya 2,316,327 32.07%
  Sudan 15,207,452 30.79%
  Chad 5,147,667 27.89%
  Burkina Faso 6,089,089 27.05%
  Benin 3,697,190 26.87%
  Kenya 14,494,372 26.72%
  Malawi 5,433,538 26.42%
  Gambia 674,314 25.58%
  Togo 2,255,579 24.81%
  Niger 6,248,483 24.69%
  Namibia 629,767 21.79%
  Mali 4,354,292 18.87%
  Algeria 7,840,131 17.24%
  Democratic Republic of the Congo 17,045,720 16.65%
  Senegal 2,684,696 15.21%
  Equatorial Guinea 270,109 14.98%
  Cameroon 3,753,733 13.58%
  Gabon 311,244 12.80%
  Republic of the Congo 695,760 11.53%
  Madagascar 2,710,365 8.90%


Vaccination by territory

Algeria

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Algeria

On 29 January 2021, Algeria launched its coronavirus vaccination campaign, a day after receiving its first shipment of 50,000 doses of the Russia's Sputnik V vaccine. As of 6 June 2021, Algeria reported administering 2.5 million doses of the vaccine.[8][9] Algeria is currently vaccinating its population with both Sputnik V and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines.[10][11]

Angola

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Angola

On 4 March 2021, Angola began their vaccination program after received 624,000 doses of the two-dose Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine through the COVAX initiative.[12][13] As of 15 June 2021, Angola has administered 1,314,375 doses of vaccines.[14][15] 822,109 people with the first dose and 492,266 people fully vaccinated.[16][17]

Benin

Benin launched its coronavirus vaccination campaign on 29 March 2021, initially with 144,000 doses of the Covishield vaccine.[18] As of 8 June 2021, Benin has administered 26,624 doses, 21,834 people with one dose and 4,790 people fully vaccinated. The country has also began administered the Oxford-AstraZeneca and Sinovac vaccines.[19][20]

Botswana

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Botswana

Botswana began its vaccination program on 26 March 2021, initially using the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine.[21] As of 7 June 2021, Botswana has administered 150,019 doses.[22][23]

Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso began its vaccination program on 2 June 2021, initially after received 115,200 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine on 30 May 2021 through COVAX.[24] As of 14 June 2021, 17,775 doses have been administered.[citation needed]

Burundi

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Burundi

Covid-19 vaccination has not begun in Burundi.[as of?][citation needed]

Cameroon

Cameroon began its vaccination program on 12 April 2021, initially using the 200,000 doses of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV vaccine donated by China.[25] As of 14 June 2021, 89,180 doses have been administered, 72,111 people with one dose and 17,069 people fully vaccinated.[26]

Cape Verde

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Cape Verde

Cape Verde began its vaccination program on 19 March 2021, shortly after they received 24,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.[27] As of 15 June 2021, 47,943 doses had been administered, 45,013 people with one dose and 2,930 people fully vaccinated.[28]

Central African Republic

The Central African Republic began its vaccination program on 20 May 2021, initially using the 60,000 doses of the Covishield vaccine delivered through the COVAX facility.[29] As of 15 June 2021, 42,644 doses have been administered, 41,095 people with one dose and 1,549 people fully vaccinated.[30]

Chad

Chad began its vaccination program on 4 June 2021, initially after receiving 200,000 doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine donated by China.[31] As of 10 June 2021, 5,324 doses have been administered.[32]

Comoros

Comoros began its vaccination program on 10 April 2021, initially using the 100,000 doses of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV vaccines donated by China.[33] As of 8 June 2021, 84,360 doses have been administered, 43,140 people with one dose and 41,220 people fully vaccinated.[citation needed]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo began its vaccination program on the 19 April 2021, using the 1.7 million doses of the Covishield vaccine supplied through COVAX. In the first week of the campaign, After administering only 1700 doses, health officials announced that 1.3 million doses would be returned for redistribution to other countries (mainly the Central African Republic, Ghana, Senegal and Togo).[34]

Republic of the Congo

The Republic of the Congo began its vaccination program on the 19 April 2021, using the 300,000 doses of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV vaccine donated by China and 12,000 doses of Sputnik V.[citation needed]

Côte d'Ivoire

Côte d'Ivoire began its vaccination program on 1 March 2021, using 504,000 doses of AstraZeneca's Covishield vaccine provided through COVAX and 50,000 doses donated by India. In the first three months of the campaign more than half a million persons received their first inoculation. On 30 May 2021, Côte d'Ivoire borrowed 100,000 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine from Niger, on the understanding that Côte d'Ivoire will return 100,000 doses at a later date.[citation needed]

Djibouti

Djibouti began its vaccination program on 15 March 2021, initially with 24,000 doses of AstraZeneca's Covishield vaccine provided through COVAX.[35]

Egypt

Egypt began its vaccination program on 24 January 2021. Egypt received 50,000 doses of Sinopharm vaccine on 10 December 2020, followed by 50,000 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine on 31 January 2021.[36] In February, March and May 2021, Egypt received 1.1 million doses of the Sinopharm vaccine and 2.55 million doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine.[citation needed]

Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea began its vaccination program on 15 February 2021, initially with 100,000 doses of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV vaccine donated by China.[citation needed]

Eritrea

Covid-19 vaccination has not begun in Eritrea.[as of?][citation needed]

Eswatini

Eswatini began its vaccination program on 19 February 2021. In early May 2021, it was reported that Eswatini had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[37]

Ethiopia

Ethiopia began its vaccination program on 13 March 2021, initially with 2.2 million doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine obtained through COVAX on 7 March 2021. Two months later 1.3 million persons had been inoculated.[citation needed]

Gabon

Gabon began its vaccination program on 23 March 2021, initially with 100,000 doses of BBIBP-CorV[citation needed].

Gambia

Gambia began its vaccination program on 12 March 2021.[citation needed]

Ghana

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana

Ghana began its vaccination program on 1 March 2021 using the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine apart of the COVAX. In early May 2021, it was reported that Ghana had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[38]

Guinea

Guinea began its vaccination program in March 2021, initially with donated doses of the Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine from Russia.[citation needed]

Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau began its vaccination program on 2 April 2021.[citation needed]

Kenya

Kenya began its vaccination program on 5 March 2021, shortly after they received a little over 1 million doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine through the COVAX vaccine distribution program.[39]

Lesotho

Lesotho began its vaccination program on 10 March 2021.[citation needed]

Liberia

Liberia began its vaccination program on 1 April 2021.[citation needed]

Libya

Libya began its vaccination program on 15 April 2021. In early May 2021, it was reported that Libya had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[40]

Madagascar

Madagascar began its vaccination program on 10 May 2021, initially using 250,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine through COVAX.[41]

Malawi

Malawi began its vaccination program on 11 March 2021.

134,289 doses were administered in March and 161,828 in April. 19,610 doses were incinerated in May due to their expiry date.[citation needed]

Mali

Mali began its vaccination program on 31 March 2021.[citation needed]

Mauritania

Mauritania began its vaccination program on 26 March 2021, initially with 50,000 doses of BBIBP-CorV donated by China and 5,000 doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine donated by United Arab Emirates.[citation needed]

Mauritius

Mauritius began its vaccination program on 25 January 2021.[citation needed]

Morocco

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Morocco

Morocco began its vaccination program on 28 January 2021.[42]

Mozambique

Mozambique began its vaccination program on 8 March 2021.[citation needed]

Namibia

Namibia began its vaccination program on 19 March 2021, initially with 100,000 doses of BBIBP-CorV donated by China and 24,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine purchased through COVAX.[43]

Niger

Niger began its vaccination program on 29 March 2021, initially with 400,000 doses of BBIBP-CorV donated by China and 380,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine provided through the COVAX facility, donated by India. On 30 May 2021, Niger shared 100,000 doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine with Ivory Coast on the understanding that Ivory Coast will return 100,000 doses to Niger at a later date.[citation needed]

Nigeria

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria
 
Total COVID-19 vaccine doses by province in Nigeria

Nigeria began its vaccination program on 5 March 2021.[44] The rollout began after the delivery of 4 million Oxford-AstraZeneca, with more doses donated by India and MTN. [45] And the vaccination has spread out through out all thirty-six states of the country in less than two months after arrival.

Rwanda

Rwanda began its vaccination program on 14 February 2021. In early May 2021, it was reported that Rwanda had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[46] On 1 June 2021, Rwanda received 100,600 doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine through COVAX, bringing Rwanda's total number of doses to 203,560 of Pfizer–BioNTech and 240,000 of Oxford–AstraZeneca.[47]

São Tomé and Principe

São Tomé and Principe vaccination program began on 15 March 2021, initially with 24,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine provided through COVAX.[citation needed]

Senegal

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Senegal

Senegal began its vaccination program on 23 February 2021, initially with 200,000 doses of Sinopharm vaccines it purchased from China.[48] In early May 2021, it was reported that Senegal had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[49]

Seychelles

Seychelles began its vaccination program on 10 January 2021, initially with 50,000 doses of BBIBP-CorV donated by the United Arab Emirates and 50,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine donated by India. By mid-May 2021 Seychelles had exceeded its initial target of inoculating 70,000 persons.[50] In June 2021, Seychelles received 50,000 additional doses of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV vaccine.[citation needed]

Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone began its vaccination program on 15 March 2021.[citation needed]

Somalia

Somalia began its vaccination campaign on 16 March 2021, a day after taking delivery of 300,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine through the COVAX facility.[citation needed]

South Africa

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa
 
Total COVID-19 vaccine doses by province in South Africa

South Africa began its national vaccination program on 18 February 2021. The program will go through in phases, prioritizing healthcare and frontline workers and then those over the age of 65.[51]

South Africa has administered 2,229,242 vaccine doses across the country as of 21 June 2021.[52][53] South Africa has accepted delivery of 3 different vaccines, Johnson and Johnson, Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca, administering both Johnson and Johnson and Pfizer-BioNTech, with the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine suspended, due to its ineffectiveness against the Beta variant.[citation needed]

South Sudan

South Sudan began its vaccination program on 6 April 2021, initially with 132,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine from COVAX and 60,000 doses of the same vaccine donated by the African Union and MTN. Health officials decided on 15 April to stop using the doses donated by the AU and MTN due to their short expiry date.[citation needed]

Sudan

Sudan began its vaccination program on 9 March 2011, initially after they received 800,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccinethrough COVAX.[citation needed]

Tanzania

Covid-19 vaccination has not begun in Tanzania[citation needed]

Togo

Togo began its vaccination program on 10 March 2021, initially with 156,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine delivered through COVAX. In early May 2021, it was reported that Togo had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[54]

Tunisia

Tunisia began its vaccination program on 13 March 2021, initially with 30,000 doses of the Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine. In early May 2021, it was reported that Tunisia had administered all of the doses it had so far received.[55]

Uganda

Uganda began its vaccination program on 10 March 2021, initially with 100,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine donated by India and 864,000 doses of the same vaccine acquired through the COVAX. Uganda plans to vaccinate 21.9 million people and to start lifting restrictions once 4.8 million have been fully vaccinated.[56]

By 3 June 2021, 748,676 vaccine doses had been administered.[citation needed]

Zambia

Zambia began its vaccination program on 14 April 2021, initially with 228,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine received from COVAX.[citation needed]

Zimbabwe

Main article: COVID-19 vaccination in Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe began its vaccination program on 22 February 2021, initially using 200,000 doses of BBIBP-CorV.[57][58]

As of 4 March 2021 they have vaccinated 30,658 people.[citation needed]

Variants Resistant to Vaccines

501Y.V2

The 501Y.V2 variant of the disease is less effective against some of the vaccines.

In January, Johnson & Johnson, which held trials for its Ad26.COV2.S vaccine in South Africa, reported the level of protection against moderate to severe COVID-19 infection was 72% in the United States, but 57% in South Africa.[59]

On 6 February 2021, The Financial Times reported that provisional trial data from a study undertaken by South Africa's University of the Witwatersrand in conjunction with Oxford University demonstrated reduced efficacy of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine against the 501.V2 variant. The study found that in a sample size of 2,000 the AZD1222 vaccine afforded only "minimal protection" in all but the most severe cases of COVID-19.[60]

On 7 February 2021, the Minister for Health for South Africa suspended the planned deployment of around 1 million doses of the vaccine whilst they examine the data and await advice on how to proceed.[61]

In February, Moderna reported that the current vaccine produced only one-sixth of the antibodies in response to the South African variant compared with the original virus. They have launched a trial of a new vaccine to tackle the South African 501.V2 variant.[62]

On 17 February 2021, Pfizer announced neutralization activity was reduced by two thirds for the 501.V2 variant, while stating no claims about the efficacy of the vaccine in preventing illness for this variant could yet be made.[63]


See also

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  63. ^ Liu, Yang; Liu, Jianying; Xia, Hongjie; Zhang, Xianwen; Fontes-Garfias, Camila R.; Swanson, Kena A.; Cai, Hui; Sarkar, Ritu; Chen, Wei; Cutler, Mark; Cooper, David; Weaver, Scott C.; Muik, Alexander; Sahin, Ugur; Jansen, Kathrin U.; Xie, Xuping; Dormitzer, Philip R.; Shi, Pei-Yong (17 February 2021). "Neutralizing Activity of BNT162b2-Elicited Serum — Preliminary Report". New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (15): 1466–1468. doi:10.1056/nejmc2102017. PMC 7944950. PMID 33684280.


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