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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
{{Lists of capitals}}
This is a '''list of national capitals''', including [[capital city|capitals]] of [[Territory (administrative division)|territories]] and [[dependent territory|dependencies]], non-sovereign states including [[associated state|associated states]] and entities whose [[sovereignty]] is [[territorial dispute|disputed]].
The capitals included on this list are those associated with states or territories listed by the international standard [[ISO 3166-1]], or that are included in the [[list of states with limited recognition]].
Sovereign states and observer states within the [[United Nations]] are shown in bold text.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
!scope="col" style="width:120px;"|City/Town
!scope="col" style="width:200px;"|Country/Territory
!class="sortable"|Notes
|-
| [[Abidjan]] {{small|(former capital; still has many government offices)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Ivory Coast|name=Ivory Coast}}''' ||
|-
| [[Yamoussoukro]] {{small|(official)}} ||
|-
| [[Abu Dhabi]] || '''{{flaglist|United Arab Emirates}}''' ||
|-
| [[Abuja]] || '''{{flaglist|Nigeria}}''' || [[Lagos]] was the capital from 1914 to 1991.
|-
| [[Accra]] || '''{{flaglist|Ghana}}''' ||
|-
| [[Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands|Adamstown]] || {{flaglist|Pitcairn Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Addis Ababa]] || '''{{flaglist|Ethiopia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Aden]] {{small|(de facto, temporary)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Yemen}}''' || rowspan="2" | [[Sana'a]] has been occupied by [[Houthis]] rebels since February 2015. Aden, the former capital of [[South Yemen]], is Yemen's acting capital. See also: [[Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)]].
|-
| [[Sana'a]] {{small|(de jure)}}
|-
| [[Algiers]] || '''{{flaglist|Algeria}}''' ||
|-
| [[Alofi]] || {{flaglist|Niue}} || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with [[New Zealand]].
|-
| [[Amman]] || '''{{flaglist|Jordan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Amsterdam]] {{small|(official)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Netherlands}}''' || The Dutch constitution refers to Amsterdam as the "[[Capital of the Netherlands|capital]]". Also of the public bodies of: {{flagu|Bonaire}}, {{flagu|Saba}} and {{flagu|Sint Eustatius}}.
|-
| [[The Hague]] {{small|(de facto)}} || The Dutch government is located in The Hague, which also hosts the [[Noordeinde Palace|monarch]], [[Cabinet of the Netherlands|government ministries]], [[Supreme Court of the Netherlands|judiciary]] and [[List of diplomatic missions in the Netherlands|diplomatic missions]].
|
[[Andorra la Vella]] || '''{{flaglist|Andorra}}''' ||
|- [[Auckland]] || '''{{flaglist|New Zealand}}''' || See also: [[Capital of New Zealand]]
| [[Ankara]] || '''{{flaglist|Turkey}}''' ||
|-
| [[Antananarivo]] || '''{{flaglist|Madagascar}}''' ||
|-
| [[Apia]] || '''{{flaglist|Samoa}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ashgabat]] || '''{{flaglist|Turkmenistan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Asmara]] || '''{{flaglist|Eritrea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Asunción]] || '''{{flaglist|Paraguay}}''' ||
|-
| [[Athens]] || '''{{flaglist|Greece}}''' ||
|-
| [[Avarua]] || {{flaglist|Cook Islands}} || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with [[New Zealand]].
|-
| [[Baghdad]] || '''{{flaglist|Iraq}}''' ||
|-
| [[Baku]] || '''{{flaglist|Azerbaijan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bamako]] || '''{{flaglist|Mali}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bandar Seri Begawan]] || '''{{flaglist|Brunei}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bangkok]] || '''{{flaglist|Thailand}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bangui]] || '''{{flaglist|Central African Republic}}''' ||
|-
| [[Banjul]] || '''{{flaglist|Gambia|name=The Gambia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Basseterre]] || '''{{flaglist|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}''' ||
|-
| [[Beijing]] || '''{{flaglist|China|name=China}}''' || See also: [[Historical capitals of China]].
|-
| [[Beirut]] || '''{{flaglist|Lebanon}}''' ||
|-
| [[Belgrade]] || '''{{flaglist|Serbia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Belmopan]] || '''{{flaglist|Belize}}''' ||
|-
| [[Berlin]] || '''{{flaglist|Germany}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bern]] {{small|(de facto)}} || '''{{flaglist|Switzerland}}''' || Switzerland has no de jure capital.
|-
| [[Bishkek]] || '''{{flaglist|Kyrgyzstan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bissau]] || '''{{flaglist|Guinea-Bissau}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bloemfontein]] {{small|(judicial)}} || rowspan="3" | '''{{flaglist|South Africa}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cape Town]] {{small|(legislative)}} ||
|-
| [[Pretoria]] {{small|(executive)}} ||
|-
| [[Bogotá]] || '''{{flaglist|Colombia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Brades]] {{small|(de facto)}} || rowspan="2" | {{flaglist|Montserrat}} || rowspan="2" | [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]]. Plymouth was abandoned after the eruption of the [[Soufriere Hills volcano]] in 1997. Government offices since then have been moved to [[Brades]], which is in the northwestern part of Montserrat.
|-
| [[Plymouth, Montserrat|Plymouth]] {{small|(official)}}
|-
| [[Brasília]] || '''{{flaglist|Brazil}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bratislava]] || '''{{flaglist|Slovakia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Brazzaville]] || '''{{flaglist|Congo}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bridgetown]] || '''{{flaglist|Barbados}}''' ||
|-
| [[City of Brussels|Brussels]] || '''{{flaglist|Belgium}}''' || Also the ''de facto'' capital of the {{EU}}.
|-
| [[Bucharest]] || '''{{flaglist|Romania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Budapest]] || '''{{flaglist|Hungary}}''' ||
|-
| [[Buenos Aires]] || '''{{flaglist|Argentina}}''' ||
|-
|[[Cairo]]||'''{{flaglist|Egypt}}'''||A new capital is being built at the [[New Administrative Capital]]. It will reportedly be named [[Wedian]].
|-
|[[Canberra]]||'''{{flaglist|Australia}}'''|| Planned city built to overcome the rivalry between [[Melbourne]] and [[Sydney]], which were both put forward as potential capitals for the nation in the Australasia Federation Conventions of the 1890s. [[Section 125 of the Constitution of Australia|Section 125 of the Constitution]] gives basic details about the location of the capital, size of the encompassing territory and so forth, while the [[Seat of Government Act 1908]] specified its precise location.
|-
|[[Caracas]]||'''{{flaglist|Venezuela}}'''||
|-
| [[Castries]] || '''{{flaglist|Saint Lucia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cetinje]] {{small|(Old Royal Capital, present seat of the [[President of Montenegro|President]])}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Montenegro}}''' ||
|-
| [[Podgorica]] {{small|(official)}} ||
|-
| [[Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands|Charlotte Amalie]] || {{flaglist|United States Virgin Islands}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Chișinău]] || '''{{flaglist|Moldova}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cockburn Town]] || {{flaglist|Turks and Caicos Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Colombo]] {{small|(executive, judicial)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Sri Lanka}}''' || Until the 1980s, the capital was [[Colombo]], where many important governmental institutions still remain and which is still designated as the commercial capital of Sri Lanka.
|-
| [[Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte]] {{small|(official)}} || Also known as "Kotte".
|-
| [[Conakry]] || '''{{flaglist|Guinea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Copenhagen]] || '''{{flaglist|Denmark}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cotonou]] {{small|(de facto)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Benin}}''' ||
|-
| [[Porto-Novo]] {{small|(official)}} ||
|-
| [[Dakar]] || '''{{flaglist|Senegal}}''' ||
|-
| [[Damascus]] || '''{{flaglist|Syria}}''' ||
|-
| [[Dar es Salaam]] {{small|(de facto, judicial)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Tanzania}}''' || [[Dar es Salaam]], the former capital and largest city continues to serve as the de facto seat of government hosting the [[Ikulu|presidency]], [[Cabinet of Tanzania|government ministries]], [[High Court of Tanzania|judiciary]] and [[List of diplomatic missions in Tanzania|diplomatic missions]].
|-
| [[Dodoma]] {{small|(official, legislative)}} ||
|-
| [[Dhaka]] || '''{{flaglist|Bangladesh}}''' ||
|-
| [[Dili]] || '''{{flaglist|East Timor|name=East Timor}}''' ||
|-
| [[Djibouti (city)|Djibouti]] || '''{{flaglist|Djibouti}}''' ||
|-
| [[Doha]] || '''{{flaglist|Qatar}}''' ||
|-
| [[Douglas, Isle of Man|Douglas]] || {{flaglist|Isle of Man}} || [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Crown Dependencies|Crown Dependency]].
|-
| [[Dublin]] || '''{{flaglist|Ireland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Dushanbe]] || '''{{flaglist|Tajikistan}}''' ||
|-
| {{nobr|[[Laayoune|El Aaiún]]}} {{small|(declared)}} || rowspan="2" | {{flaglist|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|name=Western Sahara}} {{Ref label|c|c|none}} || rowspan="2" | The Sahrawi Republic, recognised by [[Legal status of Western Sahara#States recognizing the SADR|82 states]], claims the mostly [[Morocco|Moroccan]] controlled [[Western Sahara]]. Moroccan controlled territory includes El Aaiún, and Morocco claims all [[Free Zone (region)|Sahrawi controlled territory]]. [[Tifariti]] is now the [[temporary capital]] (instead of [[Bir Lehlou]] earlier) of the SADR. Some government and military structures reside in exile in [[Tindouf]], [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612210735/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/wi.html|title=CIA - The World Factbook -- Western Sahara|date=June 12, 2007|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> See [[Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]].
|-
| [[Tifariti]] {{small|(de facto)}}
|-
| [[Flying Fish Cove]] || {{flaglist|Christmas Island}} || [[States and territories of Australia|External territory]] of [[Australia]].
|-
| [[Freetown]] || '''{{flaglist|Sierra Leone}}''' ||
|-
| [[Funafuti]] || '''{{flaglist|Tuvalu}}''' ||
|-
| [[Gaborone]] || '''{{flaglist|Botswana}}''' ||
|-
| [[George Town, Cayman Islands|George Town]] || {{flaglist|Cayman Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Georgetown, Ascension Island|Georgetown]] || {{flaglist|Ascension Island}} || Part of the [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]] of [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]].
|-
| [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]] || '''{{flaglist|Guyana}}''' ||
|-
| [[Gibraltar]] || {{flaglist|Gibraltar}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Gitega]] {{small|(official)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Burundi}}''' || Bujumbura was the capital from 1962 to 2018.
|-
| [[Bujumbura]] {{small|(de facto)}} ||
|-
| [[Guatemala City]] || '''{{flaglist|Guatemala}}''' ||
|-
| [[Gustavia, Saint Barthélemy|Gustavia]] || {{flaglist|Saint Barthélemy}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Hagåtña]] || {{flaglist|Guam}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Hamilton, Bermuda|Hamilton]] || {{flaglist|Bermuda}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Hanoi]] || '''{{flaglist|Vietnam}}''' ||
|-
| [[Harare]] || '''{{flaglist|Zimbabwe}}''' ||
|-
| [[Hargeisa]] || {{flaglist|Somaliland}} || Unrecognized and self-declared state, de jure part of [[Somalia]].
|-
| [[Havana]] || '''{{flaglist|Cuba}}''' ||
|-
| [[Helsinki]] || '''{{flaglist|Finland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Honiara]] || '''{{flaglist|Solomon Islands}}''' ||
|-
| [[Islamabad]] || '''{{flaglist|Pakistan}}''' || [[Karachi]] was selected as the first capital of Pakistan and served as such until the capital was shifted to [[Rawalpindi]] in 1958. Rawalpindi served as an interim capital for almost a decade until the construction in Islamabad was complete.
|-
| [[Jakarta]] || '''{{flaglist|Indonesia}}''' || A new purpose-built city in [[Kalimantan]] is planned to replace Jakarta as the national capital from the mid 2020s.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/26/indonesia-new-capital-city-borneo-forests-jakarta|title=Indonesia announces site of capital city to replace sinking Jakarta|publisher=The Guardian|date=26 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
| [[Jamestown, Saint Helena|Jamestown]] || {{flaglist|Saint Helena}} || Part of the [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]] of [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]].
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Jerusalem]] {{small|(disputed)}} || '''{{flaglist|Israel}}''' {{small|(de facto)}} || rowspan="2" | The [[Jerusalem Law]] states that "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel" and the city serves as the seat of the Israeli government and its institutions. [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 478]] declared the Jerusalem Law "null and void" and called on member states to withdraw their diplomatic missions from Jerusalem. Most countries currently maintain their embassies in and around [[Tel Aviv]]. The [[United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel|United States recognized Jerusalem as the capital]] and moved [[Embassy of the United States, Jerusalem|its embassy]] there in May 2018. <ref>See the [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel/ CIA Factbook] and [https://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/israel.pdf Map of Israel]</ref> Many countries officially adhere to the proposal that Jerusalem have international status, as called for in the [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine|1947 Partition Plan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Sharkansky |first=Ira |author-link=Ira Sharkansky |title=Governing Jerusalem: Again on the world's agenda |page=[https://archive.org/details/governingjerusal0000shar/page/23 23] |publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-8143-2592-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/governingjerusal0000shar/page/23 }}</ref> The [[State of Palestine]], a ''[[de jure]]'' state, claims [[East Jerusalem]] as its capital. See [[Status of Jerusalem]] and [[Positions on Jerusalem]].
|-
| rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Palestine}}''' {{small|(claimed)}}
|-
| [[Ramallah]] {{small|(de facto)}} ||
|-
| [[Juba]] || '''{{flaglist|South Sudan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kabul]] || '''{{flaglist|Afghanistan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kampala]] || '''{{flaglist|Uganda}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kathmandu]] || '''{{flaglist|Nepal}}''' ||
|-
| [[Khartoum]] || '''{{flaglist|Sudan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kigali]] || '''{{flaglist|Rwanda}}''' ||
|-
| [[King Edward Point]] || {{flaglist|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]] || '''{{flaglist|Jamaica}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kingston, Norfolk Island|Kingston]] || {{flaglist|Norfolk Island}} || [[States and territories of Australia|External territory]] of [[Australia]].
|-
| [[Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Kingstown]] || '''{{flaglist|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kinshasa]] || '''{{flaglist|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kuala Lumpur]] {{small|(official, legislative and royal)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Malaysia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Putrajaya]] {{small|(administrative and judicial)}} ||
|-
| [[Kuwait City]] || '''{{flaglist|Kuwait}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kyiv]] || '''{{flaglist|Ukraine}}''' ||
|-
| [[La Paz]] {{small|(administrative)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Bolivia}}''' || [[La Paz]] is the highest administrative capital (3,650 m) in the world, higher than Quito.<ref name="Highest"/>
|-
| [[Sucre]] {{small|(constitutional)}} ||
|-
| [[Libreville]] || '''{{flaglist|Gabon}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lilongwe]] || '''{{flaglist|Malawi}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lima]] || '''{{flaglist|Peru}}''' || [[Cusco]] is declared as the "Historical Capital" ({{lang-es|Capital Historica}}), a merely symbolic statement, by Article 49 of the [[Peruvian Constitution]].
|-
| [[Lisbon]] || '''{{flaglist|Portugal}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ljubljana]] || '''{{flaglist|Slovenia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lobamba]] {{small|(royal and legislative)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Eswatini}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mbabane]] {{small|(administrative)}} ||
|-
| [[Lomé]] || '''{{flaglist|Togo}}''' ||
|-
| [[London]] || '''{{flaglist|United Kingdom}}''' || Prior to the [[Acts of Union 1707|Acts of Union in 1707]], London was the capital of England only; [[Edinburgh]] was the capital of the [[Kingdom of Scotland]].
|-
| [[Luanda]] || '''{{flaglist|Angola}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lusaka]] || '''{{flaglist|Zambia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Luxembourg (city)|Luxembourg]] || '''{{flaglist|Luxembourg}}''' ||
|-
| [[Madrid]] || '''{{flaglist|Spain}}''' ||
|-
| [[Majuro]] || '''{{flaglist|Marshall Islands}}''' ||Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Malabo]] || '''{{flaglist|Equatorial Guinea}}''' || [[Ciudad de la Paz]] is currently under construction and will become the new capital when complete.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fortin |first=Jacey |date=19 December 2012 |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/poverty-stricken-equatorial-guinea-builds-expensive-capital-city-middle-nowhere-949224 |title=Poverty-Stricken Equatorial Guinea Builds Expensive Capital City In The Middle Of Nowhere}}</ref>
|-
| [[Malé]] || '''{{flaglist|Maldives}}''' ||
|-
| [[Managua]] || '''{{flaglist|Nicaragua}}''' ||
|-
| [[Manama]] || '''{{flaglist|Bahrain}}''' ||
|-
| [[Manila]] || '''{{flaglist|Philippines}}''' ||
|-
| [[Maputo]] || '''{{flaglist|Mozambique}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mariehamn]] || {{flaglist|Åland Islands}} || Autonomous province of [[Finland]].
|-
| [[Marigot, Saint Martin|Marigot]] || {{flaglist|Saint Martin}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Maseru]] || '''{{flaglist|Lesotho}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mata Utu]] || {{flaglist|Wallis and Futuna}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Mexico City]] || '''{{flaglist|Mexico}}''' ||
|-
| [[Minsk]] || '''{{flaglist|Belarus}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mogadishu]] || '''{{flaglist|Somalia}}''' || {{anchor|Somalia}}
|-
| [[Municipality of Monaco|Monaco]] || '''{{flaglist|Monaco}}''' || [[City-state]]. The Principality of Monaco does not have an official capital designated in [[Constitution of Monaco|its constitution]], however, the Commune of Monaco, the country's only commune, is coterminous with the nation, making it the de facto capital.<ref name="Gouvernement Princier Principauté de Monaco">{{cite web |title=Constitution of the Principality |url=https://en.gouv.mc/Government-Institutions/Institutions/Constitution-of-the-Principality |website=Gouvernement Princier Principauté de Monaco |publisher=Principauté de Monaco |access-date=28 February 2020 |language=en |date=17 December 1962}}</ref><ref name="Britannica">{{cite web |title=Monaco |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Monaco |website=Britannica |access-date=28 February 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Monrovia]] || '''{{flaglist|Liberia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Montevideo]] || '''{{flaglist|Uruguay}}''' ||
|-
| [[Moroni, Comoros|Moroni]] || '''{{flaglist|Comoros}}''' ||
|-
| [[Moscow]] || '''{{flaglist|Russia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]] || '''{{flaglist|Oman}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nairobi]] || '''{{flaglist|Kenya}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]] || '''{{flaglist|Bahamas}}''' ||
|-
| [[Naypyidaw]] || '''{{flaglist|Myanmar}}''' ||
|-
| [[N'Djamena]] || '''{{flaglist|Chad}}''' ||
|-
| [[New Delhi]] || '''{{flaglist|India}}''' || [[Kolkata]] was the capital of [[India]] until 1911 during the [[British Raj]].
|-
| [[Ngerulmud]] || '''{{flaglist|Palau}}''' || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with the [[United States]]. [[Koror]] was the capital of [[Palau]] until 2006.
|-
| [[Niamey]] || '''{{flaglist|Niger}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nicosia]] || '''{{flaglist|Cyprus}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nouakchott]] || '''{{flaglist|Mauritania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nouméa]] || {{flagdeco|New Caledonia}} [[New Caledonia]] || [[Overseas territory]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Nukuʻalofa]] || '''{{flaglist|Tonga}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nur-Sultan]] || '''{{flaglist|Kazakhstan}}''' || Formerly known as Astana; the name was changed on 20 March 2019.
|-
| [[Nuuk]] || {{flaglist|Greenland}} || Self-governing country within the [[Danish Realm|Kingdom of Denmark]].
|-
| [[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]] || {{flaglist|Aruba}} || Self-governing country within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
|-
| [[Oslo]] || '''{{flaglist|Norway}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ottawa]] || '''{{flaglist|Canada}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ouagadougou]] || '''{{flaglist|Burkina Faso}}''' ||
|-
| [[Pago Pago]] || {{flaglist|American Samoa}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Palikir]] || '''{{flaglist|Micronesia|name=Micronesia}}''' || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Panama City]] || '''{{flaglist|Panama}}''' ||
|-
| [[Papeete]] || {{flaglist|French Polynesia}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Paramaribo]] || '''{{flaglist|Suriname}}''' ||
|-
| [[Paris]] || '''{{flaglist|France}}''' ||
|-
| [[Philipsburg, Sint Maarten|Philipsburg]] || {{flaglist|Sint Maarten}} || Self-governing country within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
|-
| [[Phnom Penh]] || '''{{flaglist|Cambodia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port Louis]] || '''{{flaglist|Mauritius}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port Moresby]] || '''{{flaglist|Papua New Guinea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port Vila]] || '''{{flaglist|Vanuatu}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port-au-Prince]] || '''{{flaglist|Haiti}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port of Spain]] || '''{{flaglist|Trinidad and Tobago}}''' ||
|-
| [[Prague]] || '''{{flaglist|Czech Republic}}''' ||
|-
| [[Praia]] || '''{{flaglist|Cape Verde}}''' ||
|-
| [[Pristina]] || {{flaglist|Kosovo}}{{Ref label|g|g|none}} || De facto independent state that is recognised by {{Numrec|Kos}} UN member states and by [[Taiwan]]. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Serbia as part of its [[Kosovo|Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija]]. Republic of Kosovo has ''[[de facto]]'' control over most of the territory, with limited control in [[North Kosovo]].
|-
| [[Pyongyang]] || '''{{flaglist|North Korea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Quito]] || '''{{flaglist|Ecuador}}''' || Highest official capital (2,850 m).<ref name = "Highest">{{cite news|url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/19/amazonia-or-bust/#ftn3 |title=Amazonia or Bust! |last=Jacobs |first=Frank |newspaper=New York Times |date=19 June 2012 |access-date=28 June 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Rabat]] || '''{{flaglist|Morocco}}''' ||
|-
| [[Reykjavík]] || '''{{flaglist|Iceland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Riga]] || '''{{flaglist|Latvia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Riyadh]] || '''{{flaglist|Saudi Arabia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Road Town]] || {{flaglist|British Virgin Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Rome]] || '''{{flaglist|Italy}}''' ||
|-
| [[Roseau]] || '''{{flaglist|Dominica}}''' ||
|-
| [[Saipan]] || {{flaglist|Northern Mariana Islands|2020}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]] || '''{{flaglist|Costa Rica}}''' ||
|-
| [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]] || {{flaglist|Puerto Rico}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[City of San Marino|San Marino]] || '''{{flaglist|San Marino}}''' ||
|-
| [[San Salvador]] || '''{{flaglist|El Salvador}}''' ||
|-
| [[Santiago]] {{small|(official)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Chile}}''' ||
|-
| [[Valparaíso]] {{small|(legislative)}} || The [[National Congress of Chile]] is located in [[Valparaíso]].
|-
| [[Santo Domingo]] || '''{{flaglist|Dominican Republic}}''' ||
|-
| [[São Tomé]] || '''{{flaglist|São Tomé and Príncipe}}''' ||
|-
| [[Sarajevo]] || '''{{flaglist|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}''' ||
|-
| [[Seoul]] || '''{{flaglist|South Korea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Singapore]] || '''{{flaglist|Singapore}}''' || [[City-state]].
|-
| [[Skopje]] || '''{{flaglist|North Macedonia|name=North Macedonia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Sofia]] || '''{{flaglist|Bulgaria}}''' ||
|-
| [[South Tarawa]] || '''{{flaglist|Kiribati}}''' ||
|-
| [[St. George's, Grenada|St. George's]] || '''{{flaglist|Grenada}}''' ||
|-
| [[St. Helier]] || {{flaglist|Jersey}} || [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Crown dependencies|Crown Dependency]].
|-
| [[St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda|St. John's]] || '''{{flaglist|Antigua and Barbuda}}''' ||
|-
| [[St. Peter Port]] || {{flaglist|Guernsey}} || [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Crown dependencies|Crown Dependency]].
|-
| [[St. Pierre, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon|St. Pierre]] || {{flaglist|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Stanley, Falkland Islands|Stanley]] || {{flaglist|Falkland Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Stepanakert]] || {{flaglist|Artsakh}} || The self-declared country remains diplomatically unrecognised by UN-member states, including Armenia. Transnistria, South Ossetia, and Abkhazia, all UN non-member states, recognise the state. Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.
|-
| [[Stockholm]] || '''{{flaglist|Sweden}}''' ||
|-
| [[Sukhumi]] || {{flaglist|Abkhazia}} || De facto independent state recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Venezuela, South Ossetia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by [[Georgia (country)|Republic of Georgia]] as the [[Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia]].
|-
| [[Suva]] || '''{{flaglist|Fiji}}''' ||
|-
| [[Taipei]] {{small|(de facto)}} || {{flaglist|Taiwan}} || Officially the Republic of China (ROC), it has been competing for recognition with the [[China|People's Republic of China]] (PRC) as the sole Chinese government since 1949. Taiwan controls the island of Taiwan and its associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas, and part of the [[Spratly Islands]].<ref name="Spratly" group=Note>The sovereignty over the [[Spratly Islands]] is disputed by the PRC, the ROC, [[Vietnam]], the [[Philippines]] (part), [[Malaysia]] (part), and [[Brunei]] (part). Except Brunei, each of these countries occupies part of the islands (see [[List of territorial disputes]]).</ref> The territory of Taiwan is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China.<ref name="TAI2" group=Note>In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) lost the [[Chinese Civil War]] to the [[Communist Party of China]] (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the People's Republic. As such, the [[Political status of Taiwan|political status]] of the ROC and the [[legal status of Taiwan]] (alongside the [[Free Area of the Republic of China|territories]] under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the [[United Nations]] gave the [[China and the United Nations|China seat]] to the PRC instead of the ROC: most states recognize the PRC to be the [[One-China policy|sole legitimate representative of all China]], and the UN classifies Taiwan as "[[Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China|Taiwan, Province of China]]". The ROC has ''de facto'' relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates [[Taiwan independence]].</ref> The Republic of China participates in the [[World Health Organization]] and a number of non-UN international organizations such as the [[World Trade Organization]], [[International Olympic Committee]] and others under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly [[Chinese Taipei]].
|-
| [[Tallinn]] || '''{{flaglist|Estonia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tashkent]] || '''{{flaglist|Uzbekistan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tbilisi]] || '''{{flaglist|Georgia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tegucigalpa]] || '''{{flaglist|Honduras}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tehran]] || '''{{flaglist|Iran}}''' ||
|-
| [[Thimphu]] || '''{{flaglist|Bhutan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tirana]] || '''{{flaglist|Albania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tokyo]] || '''{{flaglist|Japan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tórshavn]] || {{flaglist|Faroe Islands}} || Self-governing country within the [[Danish Realm|Kingdom of Denmark]].
|-
| [[Tripoli]] || '''{{flaglist|Libya}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tskhinvali]] || {{flaglist|South Ossetia}} || De facto independent state recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Venezuela, Abkhazia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by the [[Georgia (country)|Republic of Georgia]] as the [[Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia]].
|-
| [[Tunis]] || '''{{flaglist|Tunisia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ulaanbaatar]] || '''{{flaglist|Mongolia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vaduz]] || '''{{flaglist|Liechtenstein}}''' ||
|-
| [[Valletta]] || '''{{flaglist|Malta}}''' ||
|-
| [[The Valley, Anguilla|The Valley]] || {{flaglist|Anguilla}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Vatican City]] || '''{{flaglist|Vatican City}}''' || [[City-state]].
|-
| [[Victoria, Seychelles|Victoria]] || '''{{flaglist|Seychelles}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vienna]] || '''{{flaglist|Austria}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vientiane]] || '''{{flaglist|Laos}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vilnius]] || '''{{flaglist|Lithuania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Warsaw]] || '''{{flaglist|Poland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Washington, D.C.]] || '''{{flaglist|United States}}''' ||
|-.
|-
| [[West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands|West Island]] || {{flaglist|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}} || [[States and territories of Australia|External territory]] of [[Australia]].
|-
| [[Willemstad]] || {{flaglist|Curaçao}} || Self-governing country within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
|-
| [[Windhoek]] || '''{{flaglist|Namibia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Yaoundé]] || '''{{flaglist|Cameroon}}''' ||
|-
| [[Yaren District|Yaren]] {{small|(de facto)}} || '''{{flaglist|Nauru}}''' || Country does not have an official capital; however, the government offices are in Yaren.
|-
| [[Yerevan]] || '''{{flaglist|Armenia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Zagreb]] || '''{{flaglist|Croatia}}''' ||
|}
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of National Capitals}}
[[Category:Lists of countries|Capitals, National]]
[[Category:Lists of capitals|Alphabetical]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
{{Lists of capitals}}
This is a '''list of national capitals''', including [[capital city|capitals]] of [[Territory (administrative division)|territories]] and [[dependent territory|dependencies]], non-sovereign states including [[associated state|associated states]] and entities whose [[sovereignty]] is [[territorial dispute|disputed]].
The capitals included on this list are those associated with states or territories listed by the international standard [[ISO 3166-1]], or that are included in the [[list of states with limited recognition]].
Sovereign states and observer states within the [[United Nations]] are shown in bold text.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
!scope="col" style="width:120px;"|City/Town
!scope="col" style="width:200px;"|Country/Territory
!class="sortable"|Notes
|-
| [[Abidjan]] {{small|(former capital; still has many government offices)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Ivory Coast|name=Ivory Coast}}''' ||
|-
| [[Yamoussoukro]] {{small|(official)}} ||
|-
| [[Abu Dhabi]] || '''{{flaglist|United Arab Emirates}}''' ||
|-
| [[Abuja]] || '''{{flaglist|Nigeria}}''' || [[Lagos]] was the capital from 1914 to 1991.
|-
| [[Accra]] || '''{{flaglist|Ghana}}''' ||
|-
| [[Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands|Adamstown]] || {{flaglist|Pitcairn Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Addis Ababa]] || '''{{flaglist|Ethiopia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Aden]] {{small|(de facto, temporary)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Yemen}}''' || rowspan="2" | [[Sana'a]] has been occupied by [[Houthis]] rebels since February 2015. Aden, the former capital of [[South Yemen]], is Yemen's acting capital. See also: [[Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)]].
|-
| [[Sana'a]] {{small|(de jure)}}
|-
| [[Algiers]] || '''{{flaglist|Algeria}}''' ||
|-
| [[Alofi]] || {{flaglist|Niue}} || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with [[New Zealand]].
|-
| [[Amman]] || '''{{flaglist|Jordan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Amsterdam]] {{small|(official)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Netherlands}}''' || The Dutch constitution refers to Amsterdam as the "[[Capital of the Netherlands|capital]]". Also of the public bodies of: {{flagu|Bonaire}}, {{flagu|Saba}} and {{flagu|Sint Eustatius}}.
|-
| [[The Hague]] {{small|(de facto)}} || The Dutch government is located in The Hague, which also hosts the [[Noordeinde Palace|monarch]], [[Cabinet of the Netherlands|government ministries]], [[Supreme Court of the Netherlands|judiciary]] and [[List of diplomatic missions in the Netherlands|diplomatic missions]].
|-
[[Andorra la Vella]] || '''{{flaglist|Andorra}}''' ||
|- [[Auckland]] || '''{{flaglist|New Zealand}}''' || See also: [[Capital of New Zealand]]
| [[Ankara]] || '''{{flaglist|Turkey}}''' ||
|-
| [[Antananarivo]] || '''{{flaglist|Madagascar}}''' ||
|-
| [[Apia]] || '''{{flaglist|Samoa}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ashgabat]] || '''{{flaglist|Turkmenistan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Asmara]] || '''{{flaglist|Eritrea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Asunción]] || '''{{flaglist|Paraguay}}''' ||
|-
| [[Athens]] || '''{{flaglist|Greece}}''' ||
|-
| [[Avarua]] || {{flaglist|Cook Islands}} || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with [[New Zealand]].
|-
| [[Baghdad]] || '''{{flaglist|Iraq}}''' ||
|-
| [[Baku]] || '''{{flaglist|Azerbaijan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bamako]] || '''{{flaglist|Mali}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bandar Seri Begawan]] || '''{{flaglist|Brunei}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bangkok]] || '''{{flaglist|Thailand}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bangui]] || '''{{flaglist|Central African Republic}}''' ||
|-
| [[Banjul]] || '''{{flaglist|Gambia|name=The Gambia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Basseterre]] || '''{{flaglist|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}''' ||
|-
| [[Beijing]] || '''{{flaglist|China|name=China}}''' || See also: [[Historical capitals of China]].
|-
| [[Beirut]] || '''{{flaglist|Lebanon}}''' ||
|-
| [[Belgrade]] || '''{{flaglist|Serbia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Belmopan]] || '''{{flaglist|Belize}}''' ||
|-
| [[Berlin]] || '''{{flaglist|Germany}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bern]] {{small|(de facto)}} || '''{{flaglist|Switzerland}}''' || Switzerland has no de jure capital.
|-
| [[Bishkek]] || '''{{flaglist|Kyrgyzstan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bissau]] || '''{{flaglist|Guinea-Bissau}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bloemfontein]] {{small|(judicial)}} || rowspan="3" | '''{{flaglist|South Africa}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cape Town]] {{small|(legislative)}} ||
|-
| [[Pretoria]] {{small|(executive)}} ||
|-
| [[Bogotá]] || '''{{flaglist|Colombia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Brades]] {{small|(de facto)}} || rowspan="2" | {{flaglist|Montserrat}} || rowspan="2" | [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]]. Plymouth was abandoned after the eruption of the [[Soufriere Hills volcano]] in 1997. Government offices since then have been moved to [[Brades]], which is in the northwestern part of Montserrat.
|-
| [[Plymouth, Montserrat|Plymouth]] {{small|(official)}}
|-
| [[Brasília]] || '''{{flaglist|Brazil}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bratislava]] || '''{{flaglist|Slovakia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Brazzaville]] || '''{{flaglist|Congo}}''' ||
|-
| [[Bridgetown]] || '''{{flaglist|Barbados}}''' ||
|-
| [[City of Brussels|Brussels]] || '''{{flaglist|Belgium}}''' || Also the ''de facto'' capital of the {{EU}}.
|-
| [[Bucharest]] || '''{{flaglist|Romania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Budapest]] || '''{{flaglist|Hungary}}''' ||
|-
| [[Buenos Aires]] || '''{{flaglist|Argentina}}''' ||
|-
|[[Cairo]]||'''{{flaglist|Egypt}}'''||A new capital is being built at the [[New Administrative Capital]]. It will reportedly be named [[Wedian]].
|-
|[[Canberra]]||'''{{flaglist|Australia}}'''|| Planned city built to overcome the rivalry between [[Melbourne]] and [[Sydney]], which were both put forward as potential capitals for the nation in the Australasia Federation Conventions of the 1890s. [[Section 125 of the Constitution of Australia|Section 125 of the Constitution]] gives basic details about the location of the capital, size of the encompassing territory and so forth, while the [[Seat of Government Act 1908]] specified its precise location.
|-
|[[Caracas]]||'''{{flaglist|Venezuela}}'''||
|-
| [[Castries]] || '''{{flaglist|Saint Lucia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cetinje]] {{small|(Old Royal Capital, present seat of the [[President of Montenegro|President]])}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Montenegro}}''' ||
|-
| [[Podgorica]] {{small|(official)}} ||
|-
| [[Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands|Charlotte Amalie]] || {{flaglist|United States Virgin Islands}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Chișinău]] || '''{{flaglist|Moldova}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cockburn Town]] || {{flaglist|Turks and Caicos Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Colombo]] {{small|(executive, judicial)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Sri Lanka}}''' || Until the 1980s, the capital was [[Colombo]], where many important governmental institutions still remain and which is still designated as the commercial capital of Sri Lanka.
|-
| [[Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte]] {{small|(official)}} || Also known as "Kotte".
|-
| [[Conakry]] || '''{{flaglist|Guinea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Copenhagen]] || '''{{flaglist|Denmark}}''' ||
|-
| [[Cotonou]] {{small|(de facto)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Benin}}''' ||
|-
| [[Porto-Novo]] {{small|(official)}} ||
|-
| [[Dakar]] || '''{{flaglist|Senegal}}''' ||
|-
| [[Damascus]] || '''{{flaglist|Syria}}''' ||
|-
| [[Dar es Salaam]] {{small|(de facto, judicial)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Tanzania}}''' || [[Dar es Salaam]], the former capital and largest city continues to serve as the de facto seat of government hosting the [[Ikulu|presidency]], [[Cabinet of Tanzania|government ministries]], [[High Court of Tanzania|judiciary]] and [[List of diplomatic missions in Tanzania|diplomatic missions]].
|-
| [[Dodoma]] {{small|(official, legislative)}} ||
|-
| [[Dhaka]] || '''{{flaglist|Bangladesh}}''' ||
|-
| [[Dili]] || '''{{flaglist|East Timor|name=East Timor}}''' ||
|-
| [[Djibouti (city)|Djibouti]] || '''{{flaglist|Djibouti}}''' ||
|-
| [[Doha]] || '''{{flaglist|Qatar}}''' ||
|-
| [[Douglas, Isle of Man|Douglas]] || {{flaglist|Isle of Man}} || [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Crown Dependencies|Crown Dependency]].
|-
| [[Dublin]] || '''{{flaglist|Ireland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Dushanbe]] || '''{{flaglist|Tajikistan}}''' ||
|-
| {{nobr|[[Laayoune|El Aaiún]]}} {{small|(declared)}} || rowspan="2" | {{flaglist|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|name=Western Sahara}} {{Ref label|c|c|none}} || rowspan="2" | The Sahrawi Republic, recognised by [[Legal status of Western Sahara#States recognizing the SADR|82 states]], claims the mostly [[Morocco|Moroccan]] controlled [[Western Sahara]]. Moroccan controlled territory includes El Aaiún, and Morocco claims all [[Free Zone (region)|Sahrawi controlled territory]]. [[Tifariti]] is now the [[temporary capital]] (instead of [[Bir Lehlou]] earlier) of the SADR. Some government and military structures reside in exile in [[Tindouf]], [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612210735/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/wi.html|title=CIA - The World Factbook -- Western Sahara|date=June 12, 2007|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> See [[Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]].
|-
| [[Tifariti]] {{small|(de facto)}}
|-
| [[Flying Fish Cove]] || {{flaglist|Christmas Island}} || [[States and territories of Australia|External territory]] of [[Australia]].
|-
| [[Freetown]] || '''{{flaglist|Sierra Leone}}''' ||
|-
| [[Funafuti]] || '''{{flaglist|Tuvalu}}''' ||
|-
| [[Gaborone]] || '''{{flaglist|Botswana}}''' ||
|-
| [[George Town, Cayman Islands|George Town]] || {{flaglist|Cayman Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Georgetown, Ascension Island|Georgetown]] || {{flaglist|Ascension Island}} || Part of the [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]] of [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]].
|-
| [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]] || '''{{flaglist|Guyana}}''' ||
|-
| [[Gibraltar]] || {{flaglist|Gibraltar}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Gitega]] {{small|(official)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Burundi}}''' || Bujumbura was the capital from 1962 to 2018.
|-
| [[Bujumbura]] {{small|(de facto)}} ||
|-
| [[Guatemala City]] || '''{{flaglist|Guatemala}}''' ||
|-
| [[Gustavia, Saint Barthélemy|Gustavia]] || {{flaglist|Saint Barthélemy}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Hagåtña]] || {{flaglist|Guam}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Hamilton, Bermuda|Hamilton]] || {{flaglist|Bermuda}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Hanoi]] || '''{{flaglist|Vietnam}}''' ||
|-
| [[Harare]] || '''{{flaglist|Zimbabwe}}''' ||
|-
| [[Hargeisa]] || {{flaglist|Somaliland}} || Unrecognized and self-declared state, de jure part of [[Somalia]].
|-
| [[Havana]] || '''{{flaglist|Cuba}}''' ||
|-
| [[Helsinki]] || '''{{flaglist|Finland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Honiara]] || '''{{flaglist|Solomon Islands}}''' ||
|-
| [[Islamabad]] || '''{{flaglist|Pakistan}}''' || [[Karachi]] was selected as the first capital of Pakistan and served as such until the capital was shifted to [[Rawalpindi]] in 1958. Rawalpindi served as an interim capital for almost a decade until the construction in Islamabad was complete.
|-
| [[Jakarta]] || '''{{flaglist|Indonesia}}''' || A new purpose-built city in [[Kalimantan]] is planned to replace Jakarta as the national capital from the mid 2020s.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/26/indonesia-new-capital-city-borneo-forests-jakarta|title=Indonesia announces site of capital city to replace sinking Jakarta|publisher=The Guardian|date=26 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
| [[Jamestown, Saint Helena|Jamestown]] || {{flaglist|Saint Helena}} || Part of the [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]] of [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]].
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Jerusalem]] {{small|(disputed)}} || '''{{flaglist|Israel}}''' {{small|(de facto)}} || rowspan="2" | The [[Jerusalem Law]] states that "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel" and the city serves as the seat of the Israeli government and its institutions. [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 478]] declared the Jerusalem Law "null and void" and called on member states to withdraw their diplomatic missions from Jerusalem. Most countries currently maintain their embassies in and around [[Tel Aviv]]. The [[United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel|United States recognized Jerusalem as the capital]] and moved [[Embassy of the United States, Jerusalem|its embassy]] there in May 2018. <ref>See the [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel/ CIA Factbook] and [https://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/map/profile/israel.pdf Map of Israel]</ref> Many countries officially adhere to the proposal that Jerusalem have international status, as called for in the [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine|1947 Partition Plan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Sharkansky |first=Ira |author-link=Ira Sharkansky |title=Governing Jerusalem: Again on the world's agenda |page=[https://archive.org/details/governingjerusal0000shar/page/23 23] |publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-8143-2592-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/governingjerusal0000shar/page/23 }}</ref> The [[State of Palestine]], a ''[[de jure]]'' state, claims [[East Jerusalem]] as its capital. See [[Status of Jerusalem]] and [[Positions on Jerusalem]].
|-
| rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Palestine}}''' {{small|(claimed)}}
|-
| [[Ramallah]] {{small|(de facto)}} ||
|-
| [[Juba]] || '''{{flaglist|South Sudan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kabul]] || '''{{flaglist|Afghanistan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kampala]] || '''{{flaglist|Uganda}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kathmandu]] || '''{{flaglist|Nepal}}''' ||
|-
| [[Khartoum]] || '''{{flaglist|Sudan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kigali]] || '''{{flaglist|Rwanda}}''' ||
|-
| [[King Edward Point]] || {{flaglist|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]] || '''{{flaglist|Jamaica}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kingston, Norfolk Island|Kingston]] || {{flaglist|Norfolk Island}} || [[States and territories of Australia|External territory]] of [[Australia]].
|-
| [[Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Kingstown]] || '''{{flaglist|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kinshasa]] || '''{{flaglist|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kuala Lumpur]] {{small|(official, legislative and royal)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Malaysia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Putrajaya]] {{small|(administrative and judicial)}} ||
|-
| [[Kuwait City]] || '''{{flaglist|Kuwait}}''' ||
|-
| [[Kyiv]] || '''{{flaglist|Ukraine}}''' ||
|-
| [[La Paz]] {{small|(administrative)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Bolivia}}''' || [[La Paz]] is the highest administrative capital (3,650 m) in the world, higher than Quito.<ref name="Highest"/>
|-
| [[Sucre]] {{small|(constitutional)}} ||
|-
| [[Libreville]] || '''{{flaglist|Gabon}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lilongwe]] || '''{{flaglist|Malawi}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lima]] || '''{{flaglist|Peru}}''' || [[Cusco]] is declared as the "Historical Capital" ({{lang-es|Capital Historica}}), a merely symbolic statement, by Article 49 of the [[Peruvian Constitution]].
|-
| [[Lisbon]] || '''{{flaglist|Portugal}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ljubljana]] || '''{{flaglist|Slovenia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lobamba]] {{small|(royal and legislative)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Eswatini}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mbabane]] {{small|(administrative)}} ||
|-
| [[Lomé]] || '''{{flaglist|Togo}}''' ||
|-
| [[London]] || '''{{flaglist|United Kingdom}}''' || Prior to the [[Acts of Union 1707|Acts of Union in 1707]], London was the capital of England only; [[Edinburgh]] was the capital of the [[Kingdom of Scotland]].
|-
| [[Luanda]] || '''{{flaglist|Angola}}''' ||
|-
| [[Lusaka]] || '''{{flaglist|Zambia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Luxembourg (city)|Luxembourg]] || '''{{flaglist|Luxembourg}}''' ||
|-
| [[Madrid]] || '''{{flaglist|Spain}}''' ||
|-
| [[Majuro]] || '''{{flaglist|Marshall Islands}}''' ||Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Malabo]] || '''{{flaglist|Equatorial Guinea}}''' || [[Ciudad de la Paz]] is currently under construction and will become the new capital when complete.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fortin |first=Jacey |date=19 December 2012 |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/poverty-stricken-equatorial-guinea-builds-expensive-capital-city-middle-nowhere-949224 |title=Poverty-Stricken Equatorial Guinea Builds Expensive Capital City In The Middle Of Nowhere}}</ref>
|-
| [[Malé]] || '''{{flaglist|Maldives}}''' ||
|-
| [[Managua]] || '''{{flaglist|Nicaragua}}''' ||
|-
| [[Manama]] || '''{{flaglist|Bahrain}}''' ||
|-
| [[Manila]] || '''{{flaglist|Philippines}}''' ||
|-
| [[Maputo]] || '''{{flaglist|Mozambique}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mariehamn]] || {{flaglist|Åland Islands}} || Autonomous province of [[Finland]].
|-
| [[Marigot, Saint Martin|Marigot]] || {{flaglist|Saint Martin}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Maseru]] || '''{{flaglist|Lesotho}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mata Utu]] || {{flaglist|Wallis and Futuna}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Mexico City]] || '''{{flaglist|Mexico}}''' ||
|-
| [[Minsk]] || '''{{flaglist|Belarus}}''' ||
|-
| [[Mogadishu]] || '''{{flaglist|Somalia}}''' || {{anchor|Somalia}}
|-
| [[Municipality of Monaco|Monaco]] || '''{{flaglist|Monaco}}''' || [[City-state]]. The Principality of Monaco does not have an official capital designated in [[Constitution of Monaco|its constitution]], however, the Commune of Monaco, the country's only commune, is coterminous with the nation, making it the de facto capital.<ref name="Gouvernement Princier Principauté de Monaco">{{cite web |title=Constitution of the Principality |url=https://en.gouv.mc/Government-Institutions/Institutions/Constitution-of-the-Principality |website=Gouvernement Princier Principauté de Monaco |publisher=Principauté de Monaco |access-date=28 February 2020 |language=en |date=17 December 1962}}</ref><ref name="Britannica">{{cite web |title=Monaco |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Monaco |website=Britannica |access-date=28 February 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Monrovia]] || '''{{flaglist|Liberia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Montevideo]] || '''{{flaglist|Uruguay}}''' ||
|-
| [[Moroni, Comoros|Moroni]] || '''{{flaglist|Comoros}}''' ||
|-
| [[Moscow]] || '''{{flaglist|Russia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]] || '''{{flaglist|Oman}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nairobi]] || '''{{flaglist|Kenya}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]] || '''{{flaglist|Bahamas}}''' ||
|-
| [[Naypyidaw]] || '''{{flaglist|Myanmar}}''' ||
|-
| [[N'Djamena]] || '''{{flaglist|Chad}}''' ||
|-
| [[New Delhi]] || '''{{flaglist|India}}''' || [[Kolkata]] was the capital of [[India]] until 1911 during the [[British Raj]].
|-
| [[Ngerulmud]] || '''{{flaglist|Palau}}''' || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with the [[United States]]. [[Koror]] was the capital of [[Palau]] until 2006.
|-
| [[Niamey]] || '''{{flaglist|Niger}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nicosia]] || '''{{flaglist|Cyprus}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nouakchott]] || '''{{flaglist|Mauritania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nouméa]] || {{flagdeco|New Caledonia}} [[New Caledonia]] || [[Overseas territory]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Nukuʻalofa]] || '''{{flaglist|Tonga}}''' ||
|-
| [[Nur-Sultan]] || '''{{flaglist|Kazakhstan}}''' || Formerly known as Astana; the name was changed on 20 March 2019.
|-
| [[Nuuk]] || {{flaglist|Greenland}} || Self-governing country within the [[Danish Realm|Kingdom of Denmark]].
|-
| [[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]] || {{flaglist|Aruba}} || Self-governing country within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
|-
| [[Oslo]] || '''{{flaglist|Norway}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ottawa]] || '''{{flaglist|Canada}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ouagadougou]] || '''{{flaglist|Burkina Faso}}''' ||
|-
| [[Pago Pago]] || {{flaglist|American Samoa}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Palikir]] || '''{{flaglist|Micronesia|name=Micronesia}}''' || Self-governing in [[associated state|free association]] with the [[United States]].
|-
| [[Panama City]] || '''{{flaglist|Panama}}''' ||
|-
| [[Papeete]] || {{flaglist|French Polynesia}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Paramaribo]] || '''{{flaglist|Suriname}}''' ||
|-
| [[Paris]] || '''{{flaglist|France}}''' ||
|-
| [[Philipsburg, Sint Maarten|Philipsburg]] || {{flaglist|Sint Maarten}} || Self-governing country within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
|-
| [[Phnom Penh]] || '''{{flaglist|Cambodia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port Louis]] || '''{{flaglist|Mauritius}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port Moresby]] || '''{{flaglist|Papua New Guinea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port Vila]] || '''{{flaglist|Vanuatu}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port-au-Prince]] || '''{{flaglist|Haiti}}''' ||
|-
| [[Port of Spain]] || '''{{flaglist|Trinidad and Tobago}}''' ||
|-
| [[Prague]] || '''{{flaglist|Czech Republic}}''' ||
|-
| [[Praia]] || '''{{flaglist|Cape Verde}}''' ||
|-
| [[Pristina]] || {{flaglist|Kosovo}}{{Ref label|g|g|none}} || De facto independent state that is recognised by {{Numrec|Kos}} UN member states and by [[Taiwan]]. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Serbia as part of its [[Kosovo|Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija]]. Republic of Kosovo has ''[[de facto]]'' control over most of the territory, with limited control in [[North Kosovo]].
|-
| [[Pyongyang]] || '''{{flaglist|North Korea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Quito]] || '''{{flaglist|Ecuador}}''' || Highest official capital (2,850 m).<ref name = "Highest">{{cite news|url=http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/19/amazonia-or-bust/#ftn3 |title=Amazonia or Bust! |last=Jacobs |first=Frank |newspaper=New York Times |date=19 June 2012 |access-date=28 June 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Rabat]] || '''{{flaglist|Morocco}}''' ||
|-
| [[Reykjavík]] || '''{{flaglist|Iceland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Riga]] || '''{{flaglist|Latvia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Riyadh]] || '''{{flaglist|Saudi Arabia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Road Town]] || {{flaglist|British Virgin Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Rome]] || '''{{flaglist|Italy}}''' ||
|-
| [[Roseau]] || '''{{flaglist|Dominica}}''' ||
|-
| [[Saipan]] || {{flaglist|Northern Mariana Islands|2020}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]] || '''{{flaglist|Costa Rica}}''' ||
|-
| [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]] || {{flaglist|Puerto Rico}} || [[Territories of the United States|Territory]] of the [[United States]].
|-
| [[City of San Marino|San Marino]] || '''{{flaglist|San Marino}}''' ||
|-
| [[San Salvador]] || '''{{flaglist|El Salvador}}''' ||
|-
| [[Santiago]] {{small|(official)}} || rowspan="2" | '''{{flaglist|Chile}}''' ||
|-
| [[Valparaíso]] {{small|(legislative)}} || The [[National Congress of Chile]] is located in [[Valparaíso]].
|-
| [[Santo Domingo]] || '''{{flaglist|Dominican Republic}}''' ||
|-
| [[São Tomé]] || '''{{flaglist|São Tomé and Príncipe}}''' ||
|-
| [[Sarajevo]] || '''{{flaglist|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}''' ||
|-
| [[Seoul]] || '''{{flaglist|South Korea}}''' ||
|-
| [[Singapore]] || '''{{flaglist|Singapore}}''' || [[City-state]].
|-
| [[Skopje]] || '''{{flaglist|North Macedonia|name=North Macedonia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Sofia]] || '''{{flaglist|Bulgaria}}''' ||
|-
| [[South Tarawa]] || '''{{flaglist|Kiribati}}''' ||
|-
| [[St. George's, Grenada|St. George's]] || '''{{flaglist|Grenada}}''' ||
|-
| [[St. Helier]] || {{flaglist|Jersey}} || [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Crown dependencies|Crown Dependency]].
|-
| [[St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda|St. John's]] || '''{{flaglist|Antigua and Barbuda}}''' ||
|-
| [[St. Peter Port]] || {{flaglist|Guernsey}} || [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Crown dependencies|Crown Dependency]].
|-
| [[St. Pierre, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon|St. Pierre]] || {{flaglist|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} || [[Overseas collectivity]] of [[France]].
|-
| [[Stanley, Falkland Islands|Stanley]] || {{flaglist|Falkland Islands}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Stepanakert]] || {{flaglist|Artsakh}} || The self-declared country remains diplomatically unrecognised by UN-member states, including Armenia. Transnistria, South Ossetia, and Abkhazia, all UN non-member states, recognise the state. Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.
|-
| [[Stockholm]] || '''{{flaglist|Sweden}}''' ||
|-
| [[Sukhumi]] || {{flaglist|Abkhazia}} || De facto independent state recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Venezuela, South Ossetia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by [[Georgia (country)|Republic of Georgia]] as the [[Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia]].
|-
| [[Suva]] || '''{{flaglist|Fiji}}''' ||
|-
| [[Taipei]] {{small|(de facto)}} || {{flaglist|Taiwan}} || Officially the Republic of China (ROC), it has been competing for recognition with the [[China|People's Republic of China]] (PRC) as the sole Chinese government since 1949. Taiwan controls the island of Taiwan and its associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas, and part of the [[Spratly Islands]].<ref name="Spratly" group=Note>The sovereignty over the [[Spratly Islands]] is disputed by the PRC, the ROC, [[Vietnam]], the [[Philippines]] (part), [[Malaysia]] (part), and [[Brunei]] (part). Except Brunei, each of these countries occupies part of the islands (see [[List of territorial disputes]]).</ref> The territory of Taiwan is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China.<ref name="TAI2" group=Note>In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) lost the [[Chinese Civil War]] to the [[Communist Party of China]] (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the People's Republic. As such, the [[Political status of Taiwan|political status]] of the ROC and the [[legal status of Taiwan]] (alongside the [[Free Area of the Republic of China|territories]] under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the [[United Nations]] gave the [[China and the United Nations|China seat]] to the PRC instead of the ROC: most states recognize the PRC to be the [[One-China policy|sole legitimate representative of all China]], and the UN classifies Taiwan as "[[Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China|Taiwan, Province of China]]". The ROC has ''de facto'' relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates [[Taiwan independence]].</ref> The Republic of China participates in the [[World Health Organization]] and a number of non-UN international organizations such as the [[World Trade Organization]], [[International Olympic Committee]] and others under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly [[Chinese Taipei]].
|-
| [[Tallinn]] || '''{{flaglist|Estonia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tashkent]] || '''{{flaglist|Uzbekistan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tbilisi]] || '''{{flaglist|Georgia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tegucigalpa]] || '''{{flaglist|Honduras}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tehran]] || '''{{flaglist|Iran}}''' ||
|-
| [[Thimphu]] || '''{{flaglist|Bhutan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tirana]] || '''{{flaglist|Albania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tokyo]] || '''{{flaglist|Japan}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tórshavn]] || {{flaglist|Faroe Islands}} || Self-governing country within the [[Danish Realm|Kingdom of Denmark]].
|-
| [[Tripoli]] || '''{{flaglist|Libya}}''' ||
|-
| [[Tskhinvali]] || {{flaglist|South Ossetia}} || De facto independent state recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Venezuela, Abkhazia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by the [[Georgia (country)|Republic of Georgia]] as the [[Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia]].
|-
| [[Tunis]] || '''{{flaglist|Tunisia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Ulaanbaatar]] || '''{{flaglist|Mongolia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vaduz]] || '''{{flaglist|Liechtenstein}}''' ||
|-
| [[Valletta]] || '''{{flaglist|Malta}}''' ||
|-
| [[The Valley, Anguilla|The Valley]] || {{flaglist|Anguilla}} || [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]].
|-
| [[Vatican City]] || '''{{flaglist|Vatican City}}''' || [[City-state]].
|-
| [[Victoria, Seychelles|Victoria]] || '''{{flaglist|Seychelles}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vienna]] || '''{{flaglist|Austria}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vientiane]] || '''{{flaglist|Laos}}''' ||
|-
| [[Vilnius]] || '''{{flaglist|Lithuania}}''' ||
|-
| [[Warsaw]] || '''{{flaglist|Poland}}''' ||
|-
| [[Washington, D.C.]] || '''{{flaglist|United States}}''' ||
|-.
|-
| [[West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands|West Island]] || {{flaglist|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}} || [[States and territories of Australia|External territory]] of [[Australia]].
|-
| [[Willemstad]] || {{flaglist|Curaçao}} || Self-governing country within the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
|-
| [[Windhoek]] || '''{{flaglist|Namibia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Yaoundé]] || '''{{flaglist|Cameroon}}''' ||
|-
| [[Yaren District|Yaren]] {{small|(de facto)}} || '''{{flaglist|Nauru}}''' || Country does not have an official capital; however, the government offices are in Yaren.
|-
| [[Yerevan]] || '''{{flaglist|Armenia}}''' ||
|-
| [[Zagreb]] || '''{{flaglist|Croatia}}''' ||
|}
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of National Capitals}}
[[Category:Lists of countries|Capitals, National]]
[[Category:Lists of capitals|Alphabetical]]' |
