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{{wikt | bahadur}}
'''Baghatur''' is a historical [[Turkic peoples |Turkic]] and [[Mongols |Mongol]] honorific title,<ref>Ed. Herbert Franke and others – ''The Cambridge History of China'': Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710–1368, p. 567.</ref> in origin a term for "[[hero]]" or "valiant warrior". The Papal envoy [[Plano Carpini]] ({{circa}} 1185–1252) compared the title with the equivalent of European Knighthood.<ref>James Chambers ''The Devil's horsemen: the Mongol invasion of Europe'', p. 107.</ref>
The word was common among the Mongols and became especially widespread, as an honorific title, in the [[Mongol Empire]] in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a [[regnal title]] in the [[Ilkhanate]] and the [[Timurid dynasty]], among others.{{cn|date=October 2023}}
The concept of the Baghatur is present in Turco-Mongol folklore. Like the [[bogatyrs]] of Russian traditional tales, Baghaturs were heroes of extraordinary courage, fearlessness, and decisiveness, often portrayed as being descended from heaven and capable of performing extraordinary deeds. Baghatur was the heroic ideal Turco-Mongol warriors strove to live up to, hence its use as a military honorific of glory.{{cn|date=October 2023}}
==Etymology and distribution==
{{expand section|date=January 2021}}
The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of [[China proper]] as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui dynasty]] records.<ref>C. Fleischer, ''"Bahādor"'', in ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''</ref><ref>Grousset 194.</ref> It is attested for the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]] in the 8th century, and among the [[Bulgars]] of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the [[Iranian languages|Iranian]] title word [[Bey|*bag]] "god, lord".<ref name="Beckwith3872">{{harvnb|Beckwith|2009|p=387}}</ref> According to [[Gerard Clauson]], ''bağatur'' by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be [[Hunnic language|Hunnic]]) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the [[Han Chinese]] as {{zh|s=冒頓|labels=no}} (with ''-n'' for foreign ''-r''), now pronounced [[Modun Chanyu|''Mòdùn'' ~ ''Màodùn'']] in [[standard Chinese]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sir Gerard Clauson|title=An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish|pages=301–400|year=1972}}</ref><ref>[[Edwin G. Pulleyblank|Pulleyblank, E.G.]] (1999). [https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177 "The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"] ''Migracijske teme'' 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</ref>
The word was introduced in many cultures as a result of the Turco-Mongol conquests, and now exists in different forms in various languages: {{lang-otk|𐰉𐰍𐰀|Baga}}; {{lang-mn|{{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠦᠷ}}}} ''Baγatur'', [[Khalkha Mongolian]]: Баатар ''Bātar''; {{zh|t=巴特爾}}; {{lang-tr|Bağatur, Batur, Bahadır}}; {{lang-ru|Богатырь [[Bogatyr]]}}; {{lang-bg|Багатур Bagatur}}; {{lang-fa|بهادر}}; {{lang-pa|ਬਹਾਦੁਰ {{small|([[Gurmukhi]])}}, بہادر {{small|([[Shahmukhi]])}}}}, {{lang-ur|بہادر}}, Bulgarian and Russian: Багатур (Bagatur), [[Persian language|Persian]] ''Bahador'', [[Georgian language|Georgian]] ''Bagatur'', and [[Hindustani language|Hindi]] ''Bahadur''.
It is also preserved in the modern Turkic and Mongol languages as [[Altai language|Altai]] ''Баатыр (Baatïr)'', Turkish ''Batur/Bahadır'', [[Tatar language|Tatar]] and [[Kazakh language |Kazakh]] ''Батыр (Batyr)'', [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]] ''Batyr'' and [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]] ''Baatar'' (as in [[Ulan Bator|Ulaanbaatar]]).
It is the origin of a number of terms and names, such as [[Bahadır]], [[Baturu]], [[Bey]], [[Mete]], [[Metehan]], {{lang-ru| Богатырь ([[Bogatyr]])|links=no}}, Polish ''[[:pl:Bohater|Bohater]]'' ({{lit|hero}}), {{lang-hu|Bátor|links=no}} (meaning "brave"), among others.
==List of individuals with this title==
The term '''Baghatur''' and its variants – '''Bahadur''', '''Bagatur''', or '''Baghadur''', was adopted by the following historical individuals:
*[[Modun Chanyu|Modun]], the founding [[chanyu]] of the [[Xiongnu]] empire.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/turk|title=TÜRK – TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi}}</ref>
*[[Tonyukuk]], military commander of [[Second Turkic Khaganate]].
*Bagatur Bagaina Sevar, 9th century commander in [[First Bulgarian Empire]]
*[[Alogobotur]], 10th century commander in the First Bulgarian Empire
*[[Bartan Bagatur|Bartan Baghatur]], the [[Borjigin]] Prince and Grandfather of [[Genghis Khan]]
*[[Yesugei]], the father of [[Genghis Khan]], is called Yesugei Baghatur
*The Mongol general [[Subutai]] is referred to in the ''[[Secret History of the Mongols]]'' as ''baghatur''.
*[[Ilkhan]] [[Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan]] took the title Ba'atur after his name for his victory over the rebellion of the Mongol Keraits in Iran.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abu-said-bahador-khan|title = Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref>
*[[Bayan of the Merkid]], the Grand councillor of the Yuan dynasty, was awarded Baghatur for his merit during the Ogedeid-Yuan conflict.<ref>Ed. Herbert Franke and others – ''The Cambridge History of China'': Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710-1368, p.568</ref>
*Two [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperors were named Bahadur Shah: [[Bahadur Shah I]] and [[Bahadur Shah Zafar II]].
*[[Banda Singh Bahadur]], [[Sikh]] warrior and general
*[[Altani]], relative of Genghis Khan
*[[Stephen Báthory|Stephen IX Báthory]] (1533–1586), Prince of Transylvania, and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
*[[Erdeni Batur]], founder of the [[Dzungar Khanate]].
*[[Abulghazi Bahadur|Abulghazi]], ruler of the [[Khanate of Khiva]], had the title of Bahadur Khan. He wrote the famous epic of the Mongols called the genealogical tree of the Mongols (or General history of Tatars).
*[[Khengarji III|Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Sir Khengarji III Sawai Bahadur]] – the ruler of [[Kutch]], was the first ruler of Princely State of Cutch to be given title of Sawai Bahadur.
*[[Vijayaraji|Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Vijayaraji Khengarji Sawai Bahadur]] – the ruler of [[Kutch]], used Bahadur as a hereditary title.
*[[Madansinhji|Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Madansinhji Vijayaraji Sawai Bahadur]] – the ruler of [[Kutch]], used Bahadur as a hereditary title.
*Field Marshal [[Sam Manekshaw]], the second Indian soldier to be so honored, was known as "Sam Bahadur."
*[[Damdin Sükhbaatar]], was a founding member of the [[Mongolian People's Party]] and leader of the Mongolian partisan army that liberated [[Khüree]] during the [[Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921]]. Enshrined as the "Father of Mongolia's Revolution", he is remembered as one of the most important figures in Mongolia's struggle for independence.
*[[Ospan Batyr]]
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==References==
*{{cite book |last=Beckwith |first=Christopher I. |author-link=Christopher I. Beckwith |date=16 March 2009 |title=Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5jG1eHe3y4EC |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0691135892 |access-date=30 May 2015 }}
*Brook, Kevin Alan. ''The Jews of Khazaria.'' 2nd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.
*Grousset, R. ''The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia''. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1988.
*Saunders, J. ''The History of the Mongol Conquests''. Univ. of Penn. Press, 2001.
[[Category:Turkish titles]]
[[Category:Honorary titles]]
[[Category:Mongol Empire]]
[[Category:Chinese royal titles]]
[[Category:Bulgarian noble titles]]
[[Category:Titles of the Göktürks]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{redirect|Batir|the commune in Cimişlia district, Moldova|Batîr}}
{{wikt | bahadur}}
'''Baghatur''' is a historical [[Turkic peoples |Turkic]] and [[Mongols |Mongol]] honorific title,<ref>Ed. Herbert Franke and others – ''The Cambridge History of China'': Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710–1368, p. 567.</ref> in origin a term for "[[hero]]" or "valiant warrior". The Papal envoy [[Plano Carpini]] ({{circa}} 1185–1252) compared the title with the equivalent of European Knighthood.<ref>James Chambers ''The Devil's horsemen: the Mongol invasion of Europe'', p. 107.</ref>
The word was common among the Mongols and became especially widespread, as an honorific title, in the [[Mongol Empire]] in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a [[regnal title]] in the [[Ilkhanate]] and the [[Timurid dynasty]], among others.{{cn|date=October 2023}}
The concept of the Baghatur is present in Turco-Mongol folklore. Like the [[bogatyrs]] of Russian traditional tales, Baghaturs were heroes of extraordinary courage, fearlessness, and decisiveness, often portrayed as being descended from heaven and capable of performing extraordinary deeds. Baghatur was the heroic ideal Turco-Mongol warriors strove to live up to, hence its use as a military honorific of glory.{{cn|date=October 2023}}
==Etymology and distribution==
{{expand section|date=January 2021}}
The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of [[China proper]] as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui dynasty]] records.<ref>C. Fleischer, ''"Bahādor"'', in ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''</ref><ref>Grousset 194.</ref> It is attested for the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]] in the 6th century, and among the [[Bulgars]] of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the [[Iranian languages|Iranian]] title word [[Bey|*bag]] "god, lord".<ref name="Beckwith3872">{{harvnb|Beckwith|2009|p=387}}</ref> According to [[Gerard Clauson]], ''bağatur'' by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be [[Hunnic language|Hunnic]]) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the [[Han Chinese]] as {{zh|s=冒頓|labels=no}} (with ''-n'' for foreign ''-r''), now pronounced [[Modun Chanyu|''Mòdùn'' ~ ''Màodùn'']] in [[standard Chinese]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sir Gerard Clauson|title=An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish|pages=301–400|year=1972}}</ref><ref>[[Edwin G. Pulleyblank|Pulleyblank, E.G.]] (1999). [https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177 "The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"] ''Migracijske teme'' 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</ref>
The word was introduced in many cultures as a result of the Turco-Mongol conquests, and now exists in different forms in various languages: {{lang-otk|𐰉𐰍𐰀|Baga}}; {{lang-mn|{{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠦᠷ}}}} ''Baγatur'', [[Khalkha Mongolian]]: Баатар ''Bātar''; {{zh|t=巴特爾}}; {{lang-tr|Bağatur, Batur, Bahadır}}; {{lang-ru|Богатырь [[Bogatyr]]}}; {{lang-bg|Багатур Bagatur}}; {{lang-fa|بهادر}}; {{lang-pa|ਬਹਾਦੁਰ {{small|([[Gurmukhi]])}}, بہادر {{small|([[Shahmukhi]])}}}}, {{lang-ur|بہادر}}, Bulgarian and Russian: Багатур (Bagatur), [[Persian language|Persian]] ''Bahador'', [[Georgian language|Georgian]] ''Bagatur'', and [[Hindustani language|Hindi]] ''Bahadur''.
It is also preserved in the modern Turkic and Mongol languages as [[Altai language|Altai]] ''Баатыр (Baatïr)'', Turkish ''Batur/Bahadır'', [[Tatar language|Tatar]] and [[Kazakh language |Kazakh]] ''Батыр (Batyr)'', [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]] ''Batyr'' and [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]] ''Baatar'' (as in [[Ulan Bator|Ulaanbaatar]]).
It is the origin of a number of terms and names, such as [[Bahadır]], [[Baturu]], [[Bey]], [[Mete]], [[Metehan]], {{lang-ru| Богатырь ([[Bogatyr]])|links=no}}, Polish ''[[:pl:Bohater|Bohater]]'' ({{lit|hero}}), {{lang-hu|Bátor|links=no}} (meaning "brave"), among others.
==List of individuals with this title==
The term '''Baghatur''' and its variants – '''Bahadur''', '''Bagatur''', or '''Baghadur''', was adopted by the following historical individuals:
*[[Modun Chanyu|Modun]], the founding [[chanyu]] of the [[Xiongnu]] empire.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/turk|title=TÜRK – TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi}}</ref>
*[[Tonyukuk]], military commander of [[Second Turkic Khaganate]].
*Bagatur Bagaina Sevar, 9th century commander in [[First Bulgarian Empire]]
*[[Alogobotur]], 10th century commander in the First Bulgarian Empire
*[[Bartan Bagatur|Bartan Baghatur]], the [[Borjigin]] Prince and Grandfather of [[Genghis Khan]]
*[[Yesugei]], the father of [[Genghis Khan]], is called Yesugei Baghatur
*The Mongol general [[Subutai]] is referred to in the ''[[Secret History of the Mongols]]'' as ''baghatur''.
*[[Ilkhan]] [[Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan]] took the title Ba'atur after his name for his victory over the rebellion of the Mongol Keraits in Iran.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abu-said-bahador-khan|title = Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref>
*[[Bayan of the Merkid]], the Grand councillor of the Yuan dynasty, was awarded Baghatur for his merit during the Ogedeid-Yuan conflict.<ref>Ed. Herbert Franke and others – ''The Cambridge History of China'': Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710-1368, p.568</ref>
*Two [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperors were named Bahadur Shah: [[Bahadur Shah I]] and [[Bahadur Shah Zafar II]].
*[[Banda Singh Bahadur]], [[Sikh]] warrior and general
*[[Altani]], relative of Genghis Khan
*[[Stephen Báthory|Stephen IX Báthory]] (1533–1586), Prince of Transylvania, and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
*[[Erdeni Batur]], founder of the [[Dzungar Khanate]].
*[[Abulghazi Bahadur|Abulghazi]], ruler of the [[Khanate of Khiva]], had the title of Bahadur Khan. He wrote the famous epic of the Mongols called the genealogical tree of the Mongols (or General history of Tatars).
*[[Khengarji III|Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Sir Khengarji III Sawai Bahadur]] – the ruler of [[Kutch]], was the first ruler of Princely State of Cutch to be given title of Sawai Bahadur.
*[[Vijayaraji|Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Vijayaraji Khengarji Sawai Bahadur]] – the ruler of [[Kutch]], used Bahadur as a hereditary title.
*[[Madansinhji|Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Madansinhji Vijayaraji Sawai Bahadur]] – the ruler of [[Kutch]], used Bahadur as a hereditary title.
*Field Marshal [[Sam Manekshaw]], the second Indian soldier to be so honored, was known as "Sam Bahadur."
*[[Damdin Sükhbaatar]], was a founding member of the [[Mongolian People's Party]] and leader of the Mongolian partisan army that liberated [[Khüree]] during the [[Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921]]. Enshrined as the "Father of Mongolia's Revolution", he is remembered as one of the most important figures in Mongolia's struggle for independence.
*[[Ospan Batyr]]
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==References==
*{{cite book |last=Beckwith |first=Christopher I. |author-link=Christopher I. Beckwith |date=16 March 2009 |title=Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5jG1eHe3y4EC |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0691135892 |access-date=30 May 2015 }}
*Brook, Kevin Alan. ''The Jews of Khazaria.'' 2nd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.
*Grousset, R. ''The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia''. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1988.
*Saunders, J. ''The History of the Mongol Conquests''. Univ. of Penn. Press, 2001.
[[Category:Turkish titles]]
[[Category:Honorary titles]]
[[Category:Mongol Empire]]
[[Category:Chinese royal titles]]
[[Category:Bulgarian noble titles]]
[[Category:Titles of the Göktürks]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@
==Etymology and distribution==
{{expand section|date=January 2021}}
-The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of [[China proper]] as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui dynasty]] records.<ref>C. Fleischer, ''"Bahādor"'', in ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''</ref><ref>Grousset 194.</ref> It is attested for the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]] in the 8th century, and among the [[Bulgars]] of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the [[Iranian languages|Iranian]] title word [[Bey|*bag]] "god, lord".<ref name="Beckwith3872">{{harvnb|Beckwith|2009|p=387}}</ref> According to [[Gerard Clauson]], ''bağatur'' by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be [[Hunnic language|Hunnic]]) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the [[Han Chinese]] as {{zh|s=冒頓|labels=no}} (with ''-n'' for foreign ''-r''), now pronounced [[Modun Chanyu|''Mòdùn'' ~ ''Màodùn'']] in [[standard Chinese]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sir Gerard Clauson|title=An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish|pages=301–400|year=1972}}</ref><ref>[[Edwin G. Pulleyblank|Pulleyblank, E.G.]] (1999). [https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177 "The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"] ''Migracijske teme'' 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</ref>
+The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of [[China proper]] as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui dynasty]] records.<ref>C. Fleischer, ''"Bahādor"'', in ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''</ref><ref>Grousset 194.</ref> It is attested for the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]] in the 6th century, and among the [[Bulgars]] of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the [[Iranian languages|Iranian]] title word [[Bey|*bag]] "god, lord".<ref name="Beckwith3872">{{harvnb|Beckwith|2009|p=387}}</ref> According to [[Gerard Clauson]], ''bağatur'' by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be [[Hunnic language|Hunnic]]) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the [[Han Chinese]] as {{zh|s=冒頓|labels=no}} (with ''-n'' for foreign ''-r''), now pronounced [[Modun Chanyu|''Mòdùn'' ~ ''Màodùn'']] in [[standard Chinese]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sir Gerard Clauson|title=An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish|pages=301–400|year=1972}}</ref><ref>[[Edwin G. Pulleyblank|Pulleyblank, E.G.]] (1999). [https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177 "The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"] ''Migracijske teme'' 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</ref>
The word was introduced in many cultures as a result of the Turco-Mongol conquests, and now exists in different forms in various languages: {{lang-otk|𐰉𐰍𐰀|Baga}}; {{lang-mn|{{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠦᠷ}}}} ''Baγatur'', [[Khalkha Mongolian]]: Баатар ''Bātar''; {{zh|t=巴特爾}}; {{lang-tr|Bağatur, Batur, Bahadır}}; {{lang-ru|Богатырь [[Bogatyr]]}}; {{lang-bg|Багатур Bagatur}}; {{lang-fa|بهادر}}; {{lang-pa|ਬਹਾਦੁਰ {{small|([[Gurmukhi]])}}, بہادر {{small|([[Shahmukhi]])}}}}, {{lang-ur|بہادر}}, Bulgarian and Russian: Багатур (Bagatur), [[Persian language|Persian]] ''Bahador'', [[Georgian language|Georgian]] ''Bagatur'', and [[Hindustani language|Hindi]] ''Bahadur''.
' |
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0 => 'The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of [[China proper]] as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui dynasty]] records.<ref>C. Fleischer, ''"Bahādor"'', in ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''</ref><ref>Grousset 194.</ref> It is attested for the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]] in the 6th century, and among the [[Bulgars]] of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the [[Iranian languages|Iranian]] title word [[Bey|*bag]] "god, lord".<ref name="Beckwith3872">{{harvnb|Beckwith|2009|p=387}}</ref> According to [[Gerard Clauson]], ''bağatur'' by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be [[Hunnic language|Hunnic]]) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the [[Han Chinese]] as {{zh|s=冒頓|labels=no}} (with ''-n'' for foreign ''-r''), now pronounced [[Modun Chanyu|''Mòdùn'' ~ ''Màodùn'']] in [[standard Chinese]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sir Gerard Clauson|title=An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish|pages=301–400|year=1972}}</ref><ref>[[Edwin G. Pulleyblank|Pulleyblank, E.G.]] (1999). [https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177 "The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"] ''Migracijske teme'' 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</ref>'
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0 => 'The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of [[China proper]] as early as the 7th century as evidenced in [[Sui dynasty]] records.<ref>C. Fleischer, ''"Bahādor"'', in ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''</ref><ref>Grousset 194.</ref> It is attested for the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]] in the 8th century, and among the [[Bulgars]] of the [[First Bulgarian Empire]] in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the [[Iranian languages|Iranian]] title word [[Bey|*bag]] "god, lord".<ref name="Beckwith3872">{{harvnb|Beckwith|2009|p=387}}</ref> According to [[Gerard Clauson]], ''bağatur'' by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be [[Hunnic language|Hunnic]]) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the [[Han Chinese]] as {{zh|s=冒頓|labels=no}} (with ''-n'' for foreign ''-r''), now pronounced [[Modun Chanyu|''Mòdùn'' ~ ''Màodùn'']] in [[standard Chinese]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Sir Gerard Clauson|title=An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish|pages=301–400|year=1972}}</ref><ref>[[Edwin G. Pulleyblank|Pulleyblank, E.G.]] (1999). [https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177 "The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"] ''Migracijske teme'' 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</ref>'
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Batir" redirects here. For the commune in Cimişlia district, Moldova, see <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat%C3%AEr" title="Batîr">Batîr</a>.</div>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bahadur" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:bahadur"> bahadur</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div>
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<p><b>Baghatur</b> is a historical <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic</a> and <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongol</a> honorific title,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> in origin a term for "<a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">hero</a>" or "valiant warrior". The Papal envoy <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plano_Carpini" class="mw-redirect" title="Plano Carpini">Plano Carpini</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1185–1252) compared the title with the equivalent of European Knighthood.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>The word was common among the Mongols and became especially widespread, as an honorific title, in the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnal_title" title="Regnal title">regnal title</a> in the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> and the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timurid_dynasty" title="Timurid dynasty">Timurid dynasty</a>, among others.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>The concept of the Baghatur is present in Turco-Mongol folklore. Like the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogatyrs" class="mw-redirect" title="Bogatyrs">bogatyrs</a> of Russian traditional tales, Baghaturs were heroes of extraordinary courage, fearlessness, and decisiveness, often portrayed as being descended from heaven and capable of performing extraordinary deeds. Baghatur was the heroic ideal Turco-Mongol warriors strove to live up to, hence its use as a military honorific of glory.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Etymology_and_distribution"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology and distribution</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#List_of_individuals_with_this_title"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">List of individuals with this title</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Etymology_and_distribution">Etymology and distribution</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baghatur&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology and distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097763485">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baghatur&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_proper" title="China proper">China proper</a> as early as the 7th century as evidenced in <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui dynasty</a> records.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> It is attested for the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Turkic_Khaganate" title="Second Turkic Khaganate">Second Turkic Khaganate</a> in the 6th century, and among the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgars</a> of the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a> in the 9th century. Some authors claim Iranian origin of the word, the first syllable is very likely the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_languages" title="Iranian languages">Iranian</a> title word <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">*bag</a> "god, lord".<sup id="cite_ref-Beckwith3872_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beckwith3872-5">[5]</a></sup> According to <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_Clauson" title="Gerard Clauson">Gerard Clauson</a>, <i>bağatur</i> by origin almost certainly a Xiongnu (which Clauson proposes to be <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunnic_language" title="Hunnic language">Hunnic</a>) name, and specifically of the second Xiongnu Chanyu, whose name was transliterated by the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a> as <span lang="zh-Hans">冒頓</span> (with <i>-n</i> for foreign <i>-r</i>), now pronounced <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modun_Chanyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Modun Chanyu"><i>Mòdùn</i> ~ <i>Màodùn</i></a> in <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">standard Chinese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p><p>The word was introduced in many cultures as a result of the Turco-Mongol conquests, and now exists in different forms in various languages: <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Turkic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Turkic language">Old Turkic</a>: <span lang="otk" dir="rtl">𐰉𐰍𐰀</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Old Turkic-language romanization"><i lang="otk-Latn">Baga</i></span>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a>: <span lang="mn"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1161532786">.mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White"}</style><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠦᠷ</span></span> <i>Baγatur</i>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalkha_Mongolian" title="Khalkha Mongolian">Khalkha Mongolian</a>: Баатар <i>Bātar</i>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">巴特爾</span>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">Bağatur, Batur, Bahadır</i>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Богатырь <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogatyr" title="Bogatyr">Bogatyr</a></span>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Багатур Bagatur</span>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">بهادر</span>; <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a>: <span lang="pa">ਬਹਾਦੁਰ <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhi</a>)</span>, بہادر <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahmukhi" title="Shahmukhi">Shahmukhi</a>)</span></span>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: <span lang="ur" dir="rtl">بہادر</span>, Bulgarian and Russian: Багатур (Bagatur), <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> <i>Bahador</i>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a> <i>Bagatur</i>, and <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindi</a> <i>Bahadur</i>.
</p><p>It is also preserved in the modern Turkic and Mongol languages as <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Altai language">Altai</a> <i>Баатыр (Baatïr)</i>, Turkish <i>Batur/Bahadır</i>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_language" title="Tatar language">Tatar</a> and <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a> <i>Батыр (Batyr)</i>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek_language" title="Uzbek language">Uzbek</a> <i>Batyr</i> and <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a> <i>Baatar</i> (as in <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulan_Bator" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulan Bator">Ulaanbaatar</a>).
</p><p>It is the origin of a number of terms and names, such as <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahad%C4%B1r" title="Bahadır">Bahadır</a>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baturu" title="Baturu">Baturu</a>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">Bey</a>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mete" title="Mete">Mete</a>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metehan" title="Metehan">Metehan</a>, Russian: <span lang="ru">Богатырь (<a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogatyr" title="Bogatyr">Bogatyr</a>)</span>, Polish <i><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohater" class="extiw" title="pl:Bohater">Bohater</a></i> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span>'hero'), Hungarian: <i lang="hu">Bátor</i> (meaning "brave"), among others.
</p><p><br />
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="List_of_individuals_with_this_title">List of individuals with this title</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baghatur&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: List of individuals with this title"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The term <b>Baghatur</b> and its variants – <b>Bahadur</b>, <b>Bagatur</b>, or <b>Baghadur</b>, was adopted by the following historical individuals:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modun_Chanyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Modun Chanyu">Modun</a>, the founding <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanyu" title="Chanyu">chanyu</a> of the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiongnu" title="Xiongnu">Xiongnu</a> empire.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonyukuk" title="Tonyukuk">Tonyukuk</a>, military commander of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Turkic_Khaganate" title="Second Turkic Khaganate">Second Turkic Khaganate</a>.</li>
<li>Bagatur Bagaina Sevar, 9th century commander in <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alogobotur" title="Alogobotur">Alogobotur</a>, 10th century commander in the First Bulgarian Empire</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartan_Bagatur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bartan Bagatur">Bartan Baghatur</a>, the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin">Borjigin</a> Prince and Grandfather of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yesugei" title="Yesugei">Yesugei</a>, the father of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a>, is called Yesugei Baghatur</li>
<li>The Mongol general <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subutai" title="Subutai">Subutai</a> is referred to in the <i><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_History_of_the_Mongols" title="Secret History of the Mongols">Secret History of the Mongols</a></i> as <i>baghatur</i>.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilkhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilkhan">Ilkhan</a> <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Sa%27id_Bahadur_Khan" title="Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan">Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan</a> took the title Ba'atur after his name for his victory over the rebellion of the Mongol Keraits in Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_of_the_Merkid" title="Bayan of the Merkid">Bayan of the Merkid</a>, the Grand councillor of the Yuan dynasty, was awarded Baghatur for his merit during the Ogedeid-Yuan conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></li>
<li>Two <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> emperors were named Bahadur Shah: <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_I" title="Bahadur Shah I">Bahadur Shah I</a> and <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahadur Shah Zafar II">Bahadur Shah Zafar II</a>.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banda_Singh_Bahadur" title="Banda Singh Bahadur">Banda Singh Bahadur</a>, <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> warrior and general</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altani" class="mw-redirect" title="Altani">Altani</a>, relative of Genghis Khan</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_B%C3%A1thory" title="Stephen Báthory">Stephen IX Báthory</a> (1533–1586), Prince of Transylvania, and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdeni_Batur" title="Erdeni Batur">Erdeni Batur</a>, founder of the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzungar_Khanate" title="Dzungar Khanate">Dzungar Khanate</a>.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abulghazi_Bahadur" class="mw-redirect" title="Abulghazi Bahadur">Abulghazi</a>, ruler of the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanate_of_Khiva" title="Khanate of Khiva">Khanate of Khiva</a>, had the title of Bahadur Khan. He wrote the famous epic of the Mongols called the genealogical tree of the Mongols (or General history of Tatars).</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khengarji_III" title="Khengarji III">Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Sir Khengarji III Sawai Bahadur</a> – the ruler of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a>, was the first ruler of Princely State of Cutch to be given title of Sawai Bahadur.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijayaraji" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijayaraji">Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Vijayaraji Khengarji Sawai Bahadur</a> – the ruler of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a>, used Bahadur as a hereditary title.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madansinhji" title="Madansinhji">Maharajadhiraj Mirza Maharao Sri Madansinhji Vijayaraji Sawai Bahadur</a> – the ruler of <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a>, used Bahadur as a hereditary title.</li>
<li>Field Marshal <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Manekshaw" title="Sam Manekshaw">Sam Manekshaw</a>, the second Indian soldier to be so honored, was known as "Sam Bahadur."</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damdin_S%C3%BCkhbaatar" title="Damdin Sükhbaatar">Damdin Sükhbaatar</a>, was a founding member of the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Party" title="Mongolian People's Party">Mongolian People's Party</a> and leader of the Mongolian partisan army that liberated <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%BCree" class="mw-redirect" title="Khüree">Khüree</a> during the <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_Mongolian_Revolution_of_1921" class="mw-redirect" title="Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921">Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921</a>. Enshrined as the "Father of Mongolia's Revolution", he is remembered as one of the most important figures in Mongolia's struggle for independence.</li>
<li><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospan_Batyr" class="mw-redirect" title="Ospan Batyr">Ospan Batyr</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baghatur&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ed. Herbert Franke and others – <i>The Cambridge History of China</i>: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710–1368, p. 567.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Chambers <i>The Devil's horsemen: the Mongol invasion of Europe</i>, p. 107.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Fleischer, <i>"Bahādor"</i>, in <i><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Iranica" title="Encyclopædia Iranica">Encyclopædia Iranica</a></i></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grousset 194.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Beckwith3872-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beckwith3872_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeckwith2009">Beckwith 2009</a>, p. 387</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133582631">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFSir_Gerard_Clauson1972" class="citation book cs1">Sir Gerard Clauson (1972). <i>An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish</i>. pp. 301–400.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Etymological+Dictionary+of+Pre-Thirteenth-Century+Turkish&rft.pages=301-400&rft.date=1972&rft.au=Sir+Gerard+Clauson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaghatur" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_G._Pulleyblank" title="Edwin G. Pulleyblank">Pulleyblank, E.G.</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=161177">"The Peoples of the Steppe Frontier in Early Chinese Sources"</a> <i>Migracijske teme</i> 15 1–2. footnote 3 on p. 45 of pp. 35–61</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/turk">"TÜRK – TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=T%C3%9CRK+%E2%80%93+TDV+%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m+Ansiklopedisi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffly.jiuhuashan.beauty%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fislamansiklopedisi.org.tr%2Fturk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaghatur" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abu-said-bahador-khan">"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffly.jiuhuashan.beauty%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fabu-said-bahador-khan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaghatur" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ed. Herbert Franke and others – <i>The Cambridge History of China</i>: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710-1368, p.568</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baghatur&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBeckwith2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_I._Beckwith" title="Christopher I. Beckwith">Beckwith, Christopher I.</a> (16 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5jG1eHe3y4EC"><i>Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present</i></a>. <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/https/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0691135892" title="Special:BookSources/978-0691135892"><bdi>978-0691135892</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Empires+of+the+Silk+Road%3A+A+History+of+Central+Eurasia+from+the+Bronze+Age+to+the+Present&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009-03-16&rft.isbn=978-0691135892&rft.aulast=Beckwith&rft.aufirst=Christopher+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffly.jiuhuashan.beauty%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5jG1eHe3y4EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaghatur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li>Brook, Kevin Alan. <i>The Jews of Khazaria.</i> 2nd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.</li>
<li>Grousset, R. <i>The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia</i>. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1988.</li>
<li>Saunders, J. <i>The History of the Mongol Conquests</i>. Univ. of Penn. Press, 2001.</li></ul></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1699566751' |
