From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps , from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- .
*Hā́fš f
water
Central Iranian:
Old Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬋 ( apō , acc.pl. )
Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬞 ( ap ) , 𐬁𐬟𐬱 ( āfš , nom.sg. )
Northeastern Iranian:
Bactrian:
Manichaean: 𐫏𐫀𐫂 ( /āb, āβ/ )
Greek: αββο ( abbo )
Khwarezmian: [script needed] ( ʾb /āb/ )
Sogdic: [script needed] ( *ā́p ) [ 1]
Sogdian: ( /ā́p/ )
Buddhist: [script needed] ( ʾʾp )
Christian: [script needed] ( ʾp )
Manichaean: 𐫀𐫀𐫛 ( ʾʾp )
Yagnobi: ṓp , ōw
Southeastern Iranian:
Northwestern Iranian:
Baluchi: آپ ( áp )
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: av
Central Kurdish: ئاو ( aw )
Southern Kurdish: ئاو ( aw )
Laki: ئاو ( aw )
Proto-Medo-Parthian: *ā́fš
Old Median: *āfš Middle Median: *āv Kermanic:Abuzeydabadi, Badrudi, Bijagani, Delijani, Meymehi, Nashalji, Qalhari, Qohrudi: ōw Abyanehi, Naraqi, Terrehi: ōv Badrudi, Chimehi, Farizandi: ou Jowshaqani: ū Mahallati, Meymehi: ō Nayini: āō Yarandi: āv Yazdi: vō Sivandi: au Tatic:Talysh: آو ( âv ) , او ( ov ) Old Tati:Old Azari: آو ( āw ) Alviri-Vidari: او ( ov ) Eshtehardi: اِو ( eow ) Karingani: او ( öv ) Harzani: او ( ū ) Semnani: ō
Tabari:
Gilaki: [script needed] ( ōv )
Mazanderani: او ( ow )
Zaza-Gurani:
Southwestern Iranian:
Larestani–Gulf:
Gulf:
Bashkardi: [script needed] ( yāp ) , [script needed] ( yā ) , [script needed] ( ău )
Bandari: [script needed] ( hü )
Kumzari: آو ( āw )
Larestani: او ( ow ) , هو ( how )
Old Persian: [Term?] ( /āpī[š]/ , nom.sg. ) , 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 ( a-p-i-y-a /apiya/ , loc.sg. ) ( transferred to i-stem )
Middle Persian:
Manichaean: 𐫀𐫁 ( ʾb /āb/ )
Pahlavi: 𐭠𐭯 ( ʾp /āp/, /āβ/ )
Classical Persian: آب ( āb )
Dari: آب ( āb ) , ( dialectal ) اَو ( aw )
Hazaragi: اَو ( aw )
Iranian Persian: آب ( âb )
Tajik: об ( ob )
→ Ottoman Turkish: آب ( āb )
Lurish:
Northern Luri: آۏ ( aö )
Bakhtiari: ںۏ ( əö )
Southern Luri: ںۏ ( əö )
^ Novák, Ľubomír (2013 ) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation) [1] , Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 107