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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox former Arab villages in Palestine
{{Infobox settlement
|name=Jubb Yusuf
| name = Jubb Yusuf
|image=The pit and cupola.JPG
| native_name = جُب يوسف
|imgsize=250
| native_name_lang = ar
|caption=The pit and cupola, Jubb Yusuf, 2007
| settlement_type = Village
|arname=جُب يوسف
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
|meaning=
| image_skyline =
|altSp=
| imagesize = 250
|district=sf
| image_caption = The pit and cupola, Jubb Yusuf, 2007
|latd=32|latm=55|lats=09.19
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
|longd=35|longm=32|longs=12.63
| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_map_caption = Location within [[Mandatory Palestine]] | image_map = {{Historical map series|default=2|date1=1870s|date2=1940s|date3=modern|date4=1940s with modern overlay|width=225}} | map_caption = A series of historical maps of the area around Jubb Yusuf (click the buttons)
|pushpin_map=Mandatory Palestine
| pushpin_mapsize = 200
|population=170<ref name=Hawadi70>Hawadi, 1970, [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Safad/Page-070.jpg p.70]</ref>
| coordinates = {{coord|32|55|09|N|35|32|13|E|type:city_region:PS|display=inline,title}}
|popyear=1945
| grid_name = [[Palestine grid|Palestine&nbsp;grid]]
|area=11,325<ref name=Hawadi70/>
| grid_position = 200/258
|areakm=11.3
<!-- location -->
|date=
| subdivision_type = [[Geopolitical entity]]
|cause=
| subdivision_name = [[Mandatory Palestine]]
|curlocl=
| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Mandatory Palestine|Subdistrict]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Safad Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine|Safad]]
<!-- established -->
| established_title1 = Date of depopulation
| established_title2 = Repopulated dates
<!-- area -->
| area_footnotes = <ref name=Hawadi70/>
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = 11,325
<!-- population -->
| population_as_of = 1945
| population_total = 170<ref name=Hawadi70>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Safad/Page-070.jpg 70]</ref>
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation
}}
}}
'''Jubb Yusuf''' ({{lang-ar|<big>جُب يوسف</big>}}) was a [[Palestine|Palestinian]] village depopulated in the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]].
'''Jubb Yusuf''' ({{lang-ar|جُب يوسف}}), also called ''''Arab al-Suyyad''', was a [[Palestine (region)|Palestinian]] village depopulated in the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]].


Situated in rocky terrain northwest of [[Lake Tiberias]], the village was associated with a nearby well, [[Jubb Yussef (Joseph's Well)]], which was the site of a [[Khan (title)|khan]] or caravan stopping place for centuries.
Situated in rocky terrain northwest of [[Lake Tiberias]], the village was associated with a nearby well, [[Jubb Yussef (Joseph's Well)]], which was the site of a [[Khan (title)|khan]] or caravan stopping place for centuries. The ruins are adjacent to the Israeli kibbutz of [[Ami'ad]].


==History==
==History==
===Mamluk period===
Under the [[Ottoman Empire]], in 1596, Jubb Yusuf was officially a ''[[nahiya]]'' ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of Sanjak Safad, with a population of seventy-two. It paid taxes on crops such as wheat, barley, and fruit, and on goats and beehives.<ref>Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter and Kamal Abdulfattah (1977), ''Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century.'' Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. p. 175. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 460</ref><ref name=Rizk>Dr. Khalil Rizk, "Villages of Palestine" [http://www.villagesofpalestine.com/JubbYusuf.htm Jubb Yusuf]</ref>
In 1440, at the time when [[Mamluk Egypt|Mamluks]] sultan [[Jaqmaq]] built a chain of khans in the country, it seems that Jubb Yussef was viewed as a holy place, where there may have been a small village near by, but no khan had been built there yet. Three decades later, in 1470, the Belgian traveller [[Anselm Adornes]] visited Jubb Yussef with his son Jan. Their travel report mentions "a beautiful inn which was built not long ago, a stone's throw away from the city".<ref>Adorno, Jean (1978) [1471 & 1510]. ''Itinéraire d'[[Anselm Adornes|Anselme Adorno]] en Terre sainte (1470-1471)''. Jacques Heers & Georgette Groër, eds. Editions du [[Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique]], Paris, p. 323.</ref>{{clarification|reason=I don't have access to the text. "City" is too pompous for a tiny, new village - does he refer to it, or to Tiberias? Or is it mistranslated?|date=August 2022}}


===Ottoman period===
In the early 18th century the scholar and Sufi [[Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi]] mentioned the khan, the domed well which still exists, and a nearby mosque. The Swiss traveller [[Johann Ludwig Burckhardt]] observed during his visit around 1816 that the khan was falling into ruin.<ref>Burckhardt, 1822, [http://books.google.com/books?id=zC4VAAAAQAAJ&printsec=toc&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA312,M1 p.318]</ref> The mosque was dismantled around the beginning of the 19th century and the stones used to build a sheep fence closed to the khan. The village by that time appears to have had few inhabitants, possibly because the well was no longer usable after the [[Galilee earthquake of 1837]],<ref>[http://zadok.org/research/1927/landslides.html earthquake of 1837]</ref> leaving only one small, seasonal source of water nearby. An 1877 survey of the Galilee carried out by the [[Palestine Exploration Fund]] stated:<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme09pale/quarterlystateme09pale_djvu.txt Quarterly Statement for 1877, Palestine Exploration Fund, London, p. 124]</ref>
Following the Ottoman victory over the Mamluks at the [[Battle of Marj Dabiq]] in northern Syria in 1516, the army of Ottoman Sultan [[Selim I]] crossed into the [[Galilee]] and encamped at Jubb Yusuf before proceeding to conquer [[Mamluk Egypt]].<ref>Rhode 1979, p. 18.</ref> In the Ottoman tax registers of 1596, Jubb Yusuf is listed as a village in the ''[[nahiya]]'' ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of [[Safad Sanjak]], with a population of 72. It paid taxes on crops such as wheat, barley, and fruit, and on goats and beehives.<ref>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 175. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 460</ref><ref name=Rizk>Dr. Khalil Rizk, "Villages of Palestine" [http://www.villagesofpalestine.com/JubbYusuf.htm Jubb Yusuf]</ref> In the early 18th century the scholar and Sufi [[Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi]] mentioned the khan, the domed well which still exists, and a nearby mosque.


A map from [[French campaign in Egypt and Syria|Napoleon's invasion of 1799]] by [[Pierre Jacotin]] showed the place, named as ''Puits de Joseph''.<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. [http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf 166] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf |date=22 December 2019 }}.</ref>
The Swiss traveller [[Johann Ludwig Burckhardt]] observed during his visit around 1816 that the khan was falling into ruin.<ref>Burckhardt, 1822, [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.22956 p.318]</ref> The mosque was dismantled around the beginning of the 19th century and the stones used to build a sheep fence close to the khan. The village by that time appears to have had few inhabitants, possibly because the well was no longer usable after the [[Galilee earthquake of 1837]],<ref>[http://zadok.org/research/1927/landslides.html earthquake of 1837]</ref> leaving only one small, seasonal source of water nearby. An 1877 survey of the Galilee carried out by the [[Palestine Exploration Fund]] stated:<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme09pale/quarterlystateme09pale_djvu.txt Quarterly Statement for 1877, Palestine Exploration Fund, London, p. 124]</ref>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
“''… Our next camp was at Khan Jubb Yusuf, where we arrived on the 4th of April. The Khan is a large building falling into ruins on the main road to Damascus. There was no village near, the country being occupied by Bedawin of the Semakiyeh and Zenghariyeh tribes. ''
"''… Our next camp was at Khan Jubb Yusuf, where we arrived on the 4th of April. The Khan is a large building falling into ruins on the main road to Damascus. There was no village near, the country being occupied by [[Bedouin|Bedawin]] of the Semakiyeh and [[Tuba-Zangariyye|Zenghariyeh]] tribes.''"
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


===British Mandatory period===
The village is mentioned in a 1945 issue of the Palestine Gazette published by the British High Commissioner in Palestine, which listed the administrative divisions and settlements of the country.<ref>[http://www.palestine-encyclopedia.com/EPP/Chapter11_3of7.htm Supplement No. 2 to the Palestine Gazette No. 1415, 7 June, 1945 Palestine Orders In Council, 1922-1939.]</ref>
At the time of the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]], Jubb Yusuf had 17 occupied houses and a population of 93 Muslims.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 111]</ref>


In 1946, when Kibbutz [[Ami'ad]] was established a few hundred meters north of the khan, the village was still inhabited by Bedouin families. According to an original member of the kibbutz, the pond still provided water part of the year, "and the Bedouins, whose tents were spread across the valley of Jubb Yussef, used it to water their flocks."<ref>Gabriel Kohner, The Ruins at Jubb Yussef, 2006, (English transl. Anat Efron)</ref>
In 1946, when Kibbutz [[Ami'ad]] was established a few hundred meters north of the khan, the village was still inhabited by Bedouin families. According to an original member of the kibbutz, the pond still provided water part of the year, "and the Bedouins, whose tents were spread across the valley of Jubb Yussef, used it to water their flocks."<ref>Gabriel Kohner, The Ruins at Jubb Yussef, 2006, (English transl. Anat Efron)</ref>


However, other described the village of Jubb Yusuf as small, with closely packed houses made of mud, [[basalt]] stones, and [[limestone]]. There were a large number of springs in the vicinity, and that had attracted the Bedouin of the ‘Arab al-Suyyad tribe. They had settled the village, worked the land, and made up the majority of its (all [[Muslim]]) population. Their main crops were grain, vegetables, fruits, and olives. In 1944/45 they planted 2,477 [[dunum]]s in [[cereal]]s.<ref name=Rizk/><ref>Hadawi, 1970, [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Safad/Page-119.jpg p.119]</ref><ref name=Khalidi460/>
However, other described the village of Jubb Yusuf as small, with closely packed houses made of mud, [[basalt]] stones, and [[limestone]]. There were a large number of springs in the vicinity, and that had attracted the Bedouin of the 'Arab al-Suyyad tribe. They had settled the village, worked the land, and made up the majority of its (all [[Muslim]]) population. Their main crops were grain, vegetables, fruits, and olives. In 1944/45 they planted 2,477 [[Dunam|dunums]] in [[cereal]]s.<ref name=Rizk/><ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Safad/Page-119.jpg 119]</ref><ref name=Khalidi460/>


Due to the nomadic nature of the villagers the area under their jurisdiction was vast; 11,325 dunums.<ref name=Hawadi70/><ref name=Rizk/><ref name=Khalidi460/>
In 1931 the number of houses in Jubb Yusuf was found to be 17.<ref>Khalidi, 1992, p. 459</ref>


====1947–48 civil war====
Due to the nomadic nature of the villagers the area under their juristriction was vast; 11,325 [[dunum]]s.<ref name=Hawadi70/><ref name=Rizk/><ref name=Khalidi460/>
Already in a report of 22 April 1948, [[Yigal Allon]] had recommended "an attempt to clear out the beduin encamped between the [[Jordan River|Jordan]] and Jubb Yusuf and the [[Sea of Galilee]]".{{citation needed|date=October 2018}} On 4 May, Allon launched the Operation Broom ([[Operation Matateh]]).<ref>Allon to Galili and [[Yigael Yadin|Yadin]], 22 April 1948, KMA\PA 170-44. Cited in Morris 2004, p. 249, 302</ref> According to [[Walid Khalidi|Khalidi]], the residents of the village were probably expelled at that date.<ref name=Khalidi460>Khalidi, 1992, p. 460</ref>


Jubb Yusuf is mentioned as a location by the Arab Army of Liberation (ALA) commander [[Fawzi al-Qawuqji]] in his account of the war of 1948,<ref>[http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji,%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%201.pdf Fauzi Al Qawuqji, Memoirs 1948, Part 1, ''Journal of Palestine Studies''1(4) pp. 32–33] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718144320/http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji%2C%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%201.pdf |date=18 July 2011 }}</ref> and by [[Palmach]] commander [[Yigal Allon]]. In his report to the [[Haganah]] General Staff on 22 April, according to Israeli historian [[Benny Morris]], Yigal Allon recommended "an attempt to clear out the beduins encamped between the Jordan [River], and Jubb Yusuf and the Sea of Galilee".
===1948 War and aftermath===
Already in a report of 22 April 1948, [[Yigal Allon]] had recommended "an attempt to clear out the beduin encamped between the [[Jordan River|Jordan]] and Jubb Yusuf and the [[Sea of Galilee]]". On 4 May, Allon launched the Operation Broom ([[Operation Matateh]]).<ref>Allon to Galili and [[Yigael Yadin|Yadin]], 22 April 1948, KMA\PA 170-44. Cited in Morris 2004, p. 249, 302</ref> According to [[Walid Khalidi|Khalidi]], the residents of the village were probably expelled at that date.<ref name=Khalidi460>Khalidi, 1992, p. 460</ref>


===Israeli period===
Jubb Yusuf is mentioned as a location by the Arab Army of Liberation (ALA) commander [[Fawzi al-Qawuqji]] in his account of the war of 1948,<ref>[http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji,%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%201.pdf Fauzi Al Qawuqji, Memoirs 1948, Part 1, ''Journal of Palestine Studies''1(4) pp. 32-33]</ref> and by [[Palmach]] commander [[Yigal Allon]]. In his report to the [[Haganah]] General Staff on 22 April, according to Israeli historian [[Benny Morris]], Yigal Allon recommended “an attempt to clear out the beduins encamped between the Jordan [River], and Jubb Yusuf and the Sea of Galilee.”
The Palestinian historian [[Walid Khalidi]] described the remains of the village in 1992: "All that remains of the village are the thorn-covered khan and domed tomb of Shaykh 'Abdallah. Fig and carob trees grow on the site. The village land is cultivated by the settlement of [[Ami'ad|'Ammi'ad]]. Near the site are structures belonging to the [[National Water Carrier of Israel|water project]] that diverts water from the [[Jordan River|Jordan]] for use in Israel, including the [[Sapir Pumping Station|water pumping station]] at [[Tabgha|al-Tabigha]] ([[Kinneret (archaeological site)|6 km to the south]]), which draws water from Lake Tiberias".<ref name=Khalidi460/>

The Palestinian historian [[Walid Khalidi]] described the remains of the village in 1992: "All that remains of the village are the thorn-covered khan and domed tomb of Shaykh 'Abdallah. Fig and carob trees grow on the site. The village land is cultivated by the [[Ami'ad|settlement of 'Ammi'ad]]. Near the site are structures belonging to the water project that diverts water from the Jordan for use in Israel, including the water pumping station at al- Tabigha (6 km to the south), which draws water from Lake Tiberias".<ref name=Khalidi460/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|30em}}


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*[[Johann Ludwig Burckhardt|Burckhardt, John Lewis]] (1822): ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=zC4VAAAAQAAJ Travels in Syria and the Holy Land]'' Edition: reprint, Published by J. Murray, 668 pages
*{{cite book|last=Burckhardt|first=J.L.|author-link=Johann Ludwig Burckhardt|title=Travels in Syria and the Holy Land|url=https://archive.org/details/b22017355|year=1822|publisher=J. Murray|location=London}}
*Guérin, M. V. (1880): ''[http://www.archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr01unkngoog Description Géographique, Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine. Galilee]'' 1 part.
*{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr01unkngoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 1|year=1880|publisher=L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=fr}}
*{{Citation|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first1=Sami|last1=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
*{{cite book | last1= Hütteroth |first1=Wolf-Dieter |first2=Kamal | last2=Abdulfattah | title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}}
*{{Citation|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|first1=Walid|last1=Khalidi|authorlink=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=[[Washington D.C.]]|publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]]|ISBN=0887282245}}
*{{cite journal|author = Karmon, Y.|title = An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine|url = http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|journal = [[Israel Exploration Journal]]|volume = 10|issue = 3|year = 1960|pages = 155–173; 244–253|access-date = 18 April 2015|archive-date = 22 December 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|url-status = dead}}
*[[Benny Morris|Morris, Benny]] (2004): ''The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited'', Cambridge University Press ISBN 0521009677
*{{cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]]|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}
*[[Richard Pococke|Pococke, Richard]] (1811): ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=wY4qAAAAMAAJ A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World: Many of which are Now First Translated Into English]'', (Popocke start at p.&nbsp;406.)
*{{cite book|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500|url=https://archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft|first=G.|last=Le Strange|author-link=Guy Le Strange|year=1890|publisher=Committee of the [[Palestine Exploration Fund]]}} ([https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/419/mode/1up p.419], [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/419/mode/1up p.465], [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/477/mode/1up p.477], [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/483/mode/1up p.483], [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/527/mode/1up p.527], [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/538/mode/1up p.538])
*[[Fawzi al-Qawuqji|al-Qawuqji, Fauzi]] (1972): [http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/ Memoirs of al-Qawuqji, Fauzi] in ''[[Journal of Palestine Studies]]'' <!-- 12, 26 February ....cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 460 (Q 32,33) -->
*{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | url = https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932 }}
**[http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji,%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%201.pdf "Memoirs, 1948, Part I" in 1, no. 4 (Sum. 72): 27-58.], pdf-file, downloadable
*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C |first=B. |last=Morris |author-link=Benny Morris |year=2004 |title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited |isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}
**[http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji,%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%202.pdf "Memoirs, 1948, Part II" in 2, no. 1 (Aut. 72): 3-33.], pdf-file, downloadable
*[[Richard Pococke|Pococke, R.]] (1811): ''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_wY4qAAAAMAAJ A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World: Many of which are Now First Translated Into English]'', (Popocke start at p.&nbsp;406.)
*{{Citation|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500|url=http://www.archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft |first1=Guy|last1=le Strange|year=1890|publisher=Committee of the [[Palestine Exploration Fund]]}} ([http://www.archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/419/mode/1up p.419], [http://www.archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/419/mode/1up p.465], [http://www.archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/477/mode/1up p.477], [http://www.archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/483/mode/1up p.483], [http://www.archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/527/mode/1up p.527], [http://www.archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/538/mode/1up p.538])
*Petersen, Andrew (2002): ''[http://www.amazon.com/dp/0197270115 A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine: Volume I (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology)]'' p.&nbsp;45, 189
*{{cite book|last=Petersen |first=Andrew |title=A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology)|volume =1 |year=2001|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-727011-0}} pp.&nbsp;45, [https://www.academia.edu/21539664/Gazetteer_4_D-J 189]
*[[Fawzi al-Qawuqji|al-Qawuqji, F.]] (1972): [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718144415/http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji,%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%202.pdf Memoirs of al-Qawuqji, Fauzi]in ''[[Journal of Palestine Studies]]'' <!-- 12, 26 February ....cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 460 (Q 32,33) -->
{{Refend}}
**[https://web.archive.org/web/20110718144320/http://www.palestine-studies.org/enakba/Memoirs/Al%20Qawuqji,%20Memoirs%201948_Pt%201.pdf "Memoirs, 1948, Part I" in 1, no. 4 (Sum. 72): 27–58.], pdf-file, downloadable
**, pdf-file, downloadable
*{{cite thesis |last=Rhode |first=Harold |title=The Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safad in the Sixteenth Century |year=1979 |publisher=Columbia University |type=PhD}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.palestineremembered.com/Safad/Jubb-Yusuf/index.html Welcome to Jubb-Yusuf]
*[http://www.palestineremembered.com/Safad/Jubb-Yusuf/index.html Welcome to Jubb-Yusuf]
*[https://www.zochrot.org/en/village/49094 Jubb Yusuf], [[Zochrot]]
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8367 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.04.jpg Wikimedia commons]
*[http://www.alnakba.org/villages/safad/yusuf.htm Jubb Yusef], at Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center
*[http://www.alnakba.org/villages/safad/yusuf.htm Jubb Yusef], at Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center
*[http://www.villagesofpalestine.com/JubbYusuf.htm Jubb Yusuf], Dr. Khalil Rizk
*[http://www.villagesofpalestine.com/JubbYusuf.htm Jubb Yusuf], Dr. Khalil Rizk
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{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}


[[Category:Arab villages depopulated prior to the 1948 Arab–Israeli War]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}

[[Category:Palestine]]
[[Category:District of Safad]]
[[Category:District of Safad]]

Latest revision as of 04:31, 9 April 2023

Jubb Yusuf
جُب يوسف
Village
1870s map
1940s map
modern map
1940s with modern overlay map
A series of historical maps of the area around Jubb Yusuf (click the buttons)
Jubb Yusuf is located in Mandatory Palestine
Jubb Yusuf
Jubb Yusuf
Location within Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates: 32°55′09″N 35°32′13″E / 32.91917°N 35.53694°E / 32.91917; 35.53694
Palestine grid200/258
Geopolitical entityMandatory Palestine
SubdistrictSafad
Area
[1]
 • Total11,325 dunams (11.325 km2 or 4.373 sq mi)
Population
 (1945)
 • Total170[1]

Jubb Yusuf (Arabic: جُب يوسف), also called 'Arab al-Suyyad, was a Palestinian village depopulated in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

Situated in rocky terrain northwest of Lake Tiberias, the village was associated with a nearby well, Jubb Yussef (Joseph's Well), which was the site of a khan or caravan stopping place for centuries. The ruins are adjacent to the Israeli kibbutz of Ami'ad.

History

[edit]

Mamluk period

[edit]

In 1440, at the time when Mamluks sultan Jaqmaq built a chain of khans in the country, it seems that Jubb Yussef was viewed as a holy place, where there may have been a small village near by, but no khan had been built there yet. Three decades later, in 1470, the Belgian traveller Anselm Adornes visited Jubb Yussef with his son Jan. Their travel report mentions "a beautiful inn which was built not long ago, a stone's throw away from the city".[2][clarification needed]

Ottoman period

[edit]

Following the Ottoman victory over the Mamluks at the Battle of Marj Dabiq in northern Syria in 1516, the army of Ottoman Sultan Selim I crossed into the Galilee and encamped at Jubb Yusuf before proceeding to conquer Mamluk Egypt.[3] In the Ottoman tax registers of 1596, Jubb Yusuf is listed as a village in the nahiya ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of Safad Sanjak, with a population of 72. It paid taxes on crops such as wheat, barley, and fruit, and on goats and beehives.[4][5] In the early 18th century the scholar and Sufi Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi mentioned the khan, the domed well which still exists, and a nearby mosque.

A map from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 by Pierre Jacotin showed the place, named as Puits de Joseph.[6] The Swiss traveller Johann Ludwig Burckhardt observed during his visit around 1816 that the khan was falling into ruin.[7] The mosque was dismantled around the beginning of the 19th century and the stones used to build a sheep fence close to the khan. The village by that time appears to have had few inhabitants, possibly because the well was no longer usable after the Galilee earthquake of 1837,[8] leaving only one small, seasonal source of water nearby. An 1877 survey of the Galilee carried out by the Palestine Exploration Fund stated:[9]

"… Our next camp was at Khan Jubb Yusuf, where we arrived on the 4th of April. The Khan is a large building falling into ruins on the main road to Damascus. There was no village near, the country being occupied by Bedawin of the Semakiyeh and Zenghariyeh tribes."

British Mandatory period

[edit]

At the time of the 1931 census, Jubb Yusuf had 17 occupied houses and a population of 93 Muslims.[10]

In 1946, when Kibbutz Ami'ad was established a few hundred meters north of the khan, the village was still inhabited by Bedouin families. According to an original member of the kibbutz, the pond still provided water part of the year, "and the Bedouins, whose tents were spread across the valley of Jubb Yussef, used it to water their flocks."[11]

However, other described the village of Jubb Yusuf as small, with closely packed houses made of mud, basalt stones, and limestone. There were a large number of springs in the vicinity, and that had attracted the Bedouin of the 'Arab al-Suyyad tribe. They had settled the village, worked the land, and made up the majority of its (all Muslim) population. Their main crops were grain, vegetables, fruits, and olives. In 1944/45 they planted 2,477 dunums in cereals.[5][12][13]

Due to the nomadic nature of the villagers the area under their jurisdiction was vast; 11,325 dunums.[1][5][13]

1947–48 civil war

[edit]

Already in a report of 22 April 1948, Yigal Allon had recommended "an attempt to clear out the beduin encamped between the Jordan and Jubb Yusuf and the Sea of Galilee".[citation needed] On 4 May, Allon launched the Operation Broom (Operation Matateh).[14] According to Khalidi, the residents of the village were probably expelled at that date.[13]

Jubb Yusuf is mentioned as a location by the Arab Army of Liberation (ALA) commander Fawzi al-Qawuqji in his account of the war of 1948,[15] and by Palmach commander Yigal Allon. In his report to the Haganah General Staff on 22 April, according to Israeli historian Benny Morris, Yigal Allon recommended "an attempt to clear out the beduins encamped between the Jordan [River], and Jubb Yusuf and the Sea of Galilee".

Israeli period

[edit]

The Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi described the remains of the village in 1992: "All that remains of the village are the thorn-covered khan and domed tomb of Shaykh 'Abdallah. Fig and carob trees grow on the site. The village land is cultivated by the settlement of 'Ammi'ad. Near the site are structures belonging to the water project that diverts water from the Jordan for use in Israel, including the water pumping station at al-Tabigha (6 km to the south), which draws water from Lake Tiberias".[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 70
  2. ^ Adorno, Jean (1978) [1471 & 1510]. Itinéraire d'Anselme Adorno en Terre sainte (1470-1471). Jacques Heers & Georgette Groër, eds. Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, p. 323.
  3. ^ Rhode 1979, p. 18.
  4. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 175. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 460
  5. ^ a b c Dr. Khalil Rizk, "Villages of Palestine" Jubb Yusuf
  6. ^ Karmon, 1960, p. 166 Archived 22 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine.
  7. ^ Burckhardt, 1822, p.318
  8. ^ earthquake of 1837
  9. ^ Quarterly Statement for 1877, Palestine Exploration Fund, London, p. 124
  10. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 111
  11. ^ Gabriel Kohner, The Ruins at Jubb Yussef, 2006, (English transl. Anat Efron)
  12. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 119
  13. ^ a b c d Khalidi, 1992, p. 460
  14. ^ Allon to Galili and Yadin, 22 April 1948, KMA\PA 170-44. Cited in Morris 2004, p. 249, 302
  15. ^ Fauzi Al Qawuqji, Memoirs 1948, Part 1, Journal of Palestine Studies1(4) pp. 32–33 Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
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