Rancho La Ballona: Difference between revisions

Rancho La Ballona
Rancho La Ballona
Ranchos of Alta California of Mexico
• Type	Mexican-era land grant
History
• Established	1839
Today part of	United States

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Rancho La Ballona was a 13,920-acre (56.3 km²) Mexican land grant in the present-day Westside region of Los Angeles County, Southern California.

The rancho was confirmed by Alta California Governor Juan Alvarado in 1839, to Ygnacio and Augustin Machado and Felipe and Tomas Talamantes. The Machados and Talamanteses had already been given a Spanish concession to graze their cattle on this land in 1819. Many Machado and Talamantes family members of the late 19th century and early 20th century are buried at the north edge of the former Mexican Rancho La Ballona at a cemetery on Pico Boulevard, which was known as the La Ballona Cemetery, later in 1876 as the Ballona Township Cemetery, and then as the Woodlawn Cemetery of Santa Monica in the early 20th century.

The grant stretched from inland (near the present day San Diego Freeway) to Santa Monica Bay, from present day Mar Vista, Westside Village, Palms, and Culver City; northwest to Pico Boulevard and the Ocean Park district of Santa Monica; and south along Ballona Creek through Venice, the Ballona Wetlands, and present day Marina del Rey, Playa Vista, and Playa Del Rey.^[1]^[2]^[3] Neighboring ranches included Rancho San Vicente y Santa Monica, Rancho Rincón de los Bueyes, Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela, and Rancho Sausal Redondo.

History

In 1821 they applied again, joined by Augustin's brother Ygnacio, and Felipe's son Tomas. The military commander, José de la Guerra y Noriega, gave them permission to graze cattle on the future Rancho La Ballona lands, when they were living in the Pueblo de Los Ángeles.^[4] In 1839 Mexican Governor Alvarado confirmed the land grant for Rancho La Ballona to them.

The cession of California to the United States followed the Mexican–American War, and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo promised that the existing land grants would be honored. In accordance with the Land Act of 1851, the Machados and Talamanteses registered their claim for Rancho La Ballona with the Board of California Land Commissioners, and it was approved in 1854.^[5]^[6] The US District Court upheld the decision on appeal in 1873, 8 years after Agustín Machado had died, and Rancho La Ballona was patented at 13,920 acres (56 km²) to the original four claimants.^[7]

In 1857, Benjamin D. Wilson received title to one fourth of Rancho La Ballona on a foreclosure of a loan he had made to Tomas Talamantes in 1854. Wilson sold his portion of Rancho La Ballona to George A. Sanford and John D. Young, who in 1863 had petitioned for a division of the lower Ballona Valley land. A decree dividing it into 23 sections was issued in 1868.^[8] Each of the 23 long narrow parcels was to have three types of land: "pasture", "irrigable"; and "bay" (Santa Monica Bay).^[8] The largest allotment of the former rancho, on the bluff northwest of Ballona Valley to the boundary with Rancho San Vicente y Santa Monica, was to the "Estate of Augustin Machado", and by a later partition in 1875 this allotment was re-divided among the "Heirs of Augustin Machado".^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]

In 1928, an “old-timer” told the Los Angeles Times that “The Rancho Rincon de Los Bueyes of 3,000 acres was owned by Don Francisco Higuera. Adjoining Rincon de Los Bueyes were the ranchos off Don Ignacio Machado, Andres Machado, Antonio Machado, Bernardino Machado, Macedonia Aguilar, Ellenda Young, and Cy Sandford, along what is now the Inglewood Road.”^[12]

Camp Latham

During the Civil War General George Wright ordered troops to secure Port Ballona against a possible seizure by pro-Confederates, and by 1862 6,000 Union troops were stationed Port Ballona.^{[citation needed]} Their post was named Camp Latham, after Milton Latham.^{[citation needed]}

Machado family

José Manuel Machado (1756–1810) married María de la Luz Valenzuela Y Avilas in 1780, and traveled in Rivera's 1781 expedition to Alta California. In 1781, Machado retired to the Pueblo de Los Angeles. Two of his sons, José Agustín Antonio Machado and José Ygnacio Antonio Machado, tried unsuccessfully for some time to get grazing rights on land near the pueblo.

Augustín Machado (1794–1865)

Agustín Machado married María Petra Buelna in 1824, but she died while giving birth to their first child, Juan Bautista (1826–1907). In 1827, Machado married Ramona Sepúlveda, the daughter of Francisco Sepulveda, and they had 14 children: María Josefa Delfina (1827–1828), Martina Magdalena (1829–1872), Vicenta Ferrer Machado (1831–1894), José Domingo (1833–1882), José Dolores Machado (1835–1906), María Ascencion Machado (1837–1912), Susana, José Francisco (1841–1888), Bernardino Machado (1843–1911), Candelaria Onofre Machado (1844–1907), José Ramón Tomás (1846–1847), Jose Juan Rafael Machado (1846–1930), Andres Manuel (1849–1929), and José de la Luz de los Reyes (1853–1923).^[13] Cattle and sheep rancher Juan Moreno sold the Rancho Santa Rosa to Augustin in 1855. Subsequently, Abel Stearns sold the nearby Rancho La Laguna to Augustin Machado in 1858. This later acquisition also was the site of one of the Butterfield Overland Mail stage stations until 1861.

Francisco Machado, son of Agustín Machado, served as a Los Angeles County Supervisor for two terms. He assumed office in 1872 and was re-elected in 1874. Lake Machado in Harbor City was named in his honor.^[14]
Vicenta Machado married Francisco Lugo. Francisco Lugo was the brother of José del Carmen Lugo.

Ygnacio Machado (1797–1878)

In 1826, Ygnacio Machado married Estefana Palomares they had 7 children: Luisa, Versabe, María, José, Andres, Francisco and Rafael. Ygnacio Machado was the grantee of Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela in 1837. In 1845, Machado traded the rancho to Bruno Avila, brother of Antonio Avila, for a small tract in the Pueblo of Los Angeles.^[15]

Talamantes family

Felipe Talamantes (1771–1856)

Luis Felipe Talamantes was a retired soldier between 1783–84 when he went with Juan Jose Dominguez to be Majordomo of the Rancho San Pedro. He went back to Baja, California to get married 1792. Felipe brought his wife Idlefonza Avila and son Tomas back to the Pueblo of Los Angeles in 1794. Felipe and Idlefonza's children were Tomas, Pablo Antonio, Maria de Los Angeles, Felipe, and Jose Nicodemus.

Tomás Talamantes (1792–1873)

Tomas Talamantes married Maria Petronila Olivas and had 8 children. He forfeited his one fourth interest in Rancho La Ballona for nonpayment of a loan in 1857.

References

^ diseno Rancho La Ballona
^ 1900 USGS topographic map^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County
^ Ingersoll's Century History, Santa Monica Bay Cities, p.137 – 139
^ United States. District Court (California : Southern District)Land Case 123 SD
^ Finding Aid to the Documents Pertaining to the Adjudication of Private Land Claims in California, circa 1852-1892
^ Report of the Surveyor General 1844–1886 Archived 2013-03-20 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b ^c Huntington Digital Library: "Map of the Rancho "La Ballona" (circa 1867) . accessed 28 August 2016.
^ Mary Sainte Therese Wittenburg, 1973, The Machados & Rancho La Ballona: The story of the land and its ranchero, Jose Agustin Antonio Machado, with a genealogy of the Machado family, Dawson's Book Shop ISBN 978-0-87093-164-2
^ Robinson, W. W. (William Wilcox), 1939, Culver City : a calendar of events in which is included, also, the story of Palms and Playa Del Rey together with Rancho la Ballona and Rancho Rincon de los Bueyes, Title Guarantee and Trust Co, Los Angeles.
^ Ranchos and the Politics of Land Claims Archived 2016-01-29 at the Wayback Machine by Karen Clay and Werner Troesken
^ Guzman, N.S., RANCHO DAYS OF PAST RECALLED: Culver City Neighborhood Pioneers' Playground Excursions to Santa Monica Popular in 1876 Historic Fifty-Mile Relay Horse Race Retold, Los Angeles Times, 1928-05-04, p. B5.
^ Woodlawn Cemetery
^ "Supervisor Francisco Machado" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2009-04-21.
^ Hoover, Mildred B.; Rensch, Hero; Rensch, Ethel; Abeloe, William N. (1966). Historic Spots in California. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4482-9.

External links

34°00′36″N 118°25′12″W / 34.0100°N 118.420°W / 34.0100; -118.420

[diseno_Rancho_La_Ballona-1] seno Rancho La Ballona

[1900_USGS_topographic_map-2] 1900 USGS topographic map^{[permanent dead link]}

[digarc.usc.edu-3] Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County

[4] Ingersoll's Century History, Santa Monica Bay Cities, p.137 – 139

[5] United States. District Court (California : Southern District)Land Case 123 SD

[6] Finding Aid to the Documents Pertaining to the Adjudication of Private Land Claims in California, circa 1852-1892

[7] Report of the Surveyor General 1844–1886 Archived 2013-03-20 at the Wayback Machine

[huntingtonmap-8] Huntington Digital Library: "Map of the Rancho "La Ballona" (circa 1867) . accessed 28 August 2016.

[9] Mary Sainte Therese Wittenburg, 1973, The Machados & Rancho La Ballona: The story of the land and its ranchero, Jose Agustin Antonio Machado, with a genealogy of the Machado family, Dawson's Book Shop ISBN 978-0-87093-164-2

[10] Robinson, W. W. (William Wilcox), 1939, Culver City : a calendar of events in which is included, also, the story of Palms and Playa Del Rey together with Rancho la Ballona and Rancho Rincon de los Bueyes, Title Guarantee and Trust Co, Los Angeles.

[11] Ranchos and the Politics of Land Claims Archived 2016-01-29 at the Wayback Machine by Karen Clay and Werner Troesken

[12] Guzman, N.S., RANCHO DAYS OF PAST RECALLED: Culver City Neighborhood Pioneers' Playground Excursions to Santa Monica Popular in 1876 Historic Fifty-Mile Relay Horse Race Retold, Los Angeles Times, 1928-05-04, p. B5.

[13] Woodlawn Cemetery

[14] "Supervisor Francisco Machado" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2009-04-21.

[15] Hoover, Mildred B.; Rensch, Hero; Rensch, Ethel; Abeloe, William N. (1966). Historic Spots in California. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4482-9.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{short description|Historical cattle ranch in Los Angeles, California, USA}}
+{{Infobox former subdivision
-[[File:Rancho la Ballona cattle brand (1844, Alta California).jpg|thumb|Rancho la Ballona cattle brand (1844, Alta California)]]
+|native_name            =
+|conventional_long_name = <!-- Full name in English -->
+|common_name            = Rancho La Ballona
+|subdivision            = [[Ranchos of Los Angeles County|Ranchos of Alta California]]
+|nation                 = Mexico
+|government_type        = [[Ranchos of California|Mexican-era land grant]]
+| image = File:Avila 1854 diseño depicting Paseo de Las Carretas.jpg
+<!-- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies -->
+|title_leader           = Grantee
+|title_deputy           = <!-- Default: "Prime minister" -->
+|leader1                = Ygnacio Machado, Agustín Machado, Felipe Talamantes, Tomas Talamantes
+|year_leader1           = <!-- Years served -->
+<!-- General information -->
+|coordinates            = <!-- Use {{Coord}} -->
+|political_subdiv       = <!-- Accepts wikilinks -->
+|today                  =  United States
+| year_start             = 1839
+|year_end               = <!-- Year of disestablishment -->
+}}
 '''Rancho La Ballona''' was a {{convert|13920|acre|km2|adj=on}} [[Ranchos of California|Mexican land grant]] in the present-day [[Westside (Los Angeles County)|Westside]] region of [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]], [[Southern California]].
@@ Line 9: / Line 28: @@
 The grant stretched from inland (near the present day [[San Diego Freeway]]) to [[Santa Monica Bay]], from present day [[Mar Vista, Los Angeles|Mar Vista]], [[Westside Village, Los Angeles|Westside Village]], [[Palms, California|Palms]], and [[Culver City, California|Culver City]]; northwest to [[Pico Boulevard]] and the [[Ocean Park, Santa Monica, California|Ocean Park]] district of [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]]; and south along [[Ballona Creek]] through [[Venice, Los Angeles|Venice]], the [[Ballona Wetlands]], and present day [[Marina del Rey, California|Marina del Rey]], [[Playa Vista, Los Angeles|Playa Vista]], and [[Playa del Rey, Los Angeles|Playa Del Rey]].<ref name="diseno Rancho La Ballona">[http://content.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb2h4nb1ph/?order=31&brand=calisphere diseno Rancho La Ballona]</ref><ref name="1900 USGS topographic map">[http://www.reisvalleyandmudville.com/images/toposantamonicasouth.jpg 1900 USGS topographic map]{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="digarc.usc.edu">[http://digarc.usc.edu/assetserver/controller/view/search/CHS-13060 Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County]</ref> Neighboring ranches included [[Rancho San Vicente y Santa Monica]], [[Rancho Rincón de los Bueyes]], [[Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela]], and [[Rancho Sausal Redondo]].
+[[File:Huntington SR Box 25(10).03 Rancho La Ballona 1858.jpg|thumb|1858 survey ]]
-[[File:Map of the Spanish and Mexican ranchos of Los Angeles County.jpg|thumb|Rancho la Ballona and other historic ranchos of Los Angeles County]]
+[[File:Huntington Library Rancho La Ballona Plat survey 1867ish.jpg|thumb|1868 survey ]]
 ==History==
-Augustin Machado and Felipe Talamantes were given a land permit in 1819 for Rancho de Los Quintos in [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]], but it turned out not to be profitable.
 In 1821 they applied again, joined by Augustin's brother Ygnacio, and Felipe's son Tomas. The military commander, [[José de la Guerra y Noriega]], gave them permission to graze cattle on the future Rancho La Ballona lands, when they were living in the [[Pueblo de Los Ángeles]].<ref>''Ingersoll's Century History, Santa Monica Bay Cities'', p.137 – 139</ref> In 1839 Mexican Governor Alvarado confirmed the land grant for Rancho La Ballona to them.
-[[File:Port Ballona, Playa del Rey CA, USGS Topo Map.jpg|thumb|Map of the [[Ballona Wetlands]] section before draining, with [[Port Ballona]] (1896).]]
+[[File:Excerpt from SOIL MAP Mesmer 1903 Los Angeles County California 04.jpg|thumb|Excerpt from a 1903 map, showing the [[Machado]] rail stop, [[Port Ballona]] (shortly to become [[Playa Del Rey, Los Angeles|Playa Del Rey]]), and [[Ballona Wetlands]] ]]
-[[Port Ballona]] was a settlement on the rancho located at the mouth of [[Ballona Creek]].
-The [[Mexican Cession|cession]] of California to the United States followed the [[Mexican–American War]], and the 1848 [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] promised that the existing land grants would be honored. In accordance with the Land Act of 1851, the Machados and Talamanteses registered their claim for Rancho La Ballona with the [[Public Land Commission|Board of California Land Commissioners]], and it was approved in 1854.<ref>[http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb109nb422&chunk.id=c01-1.3.6.4&brand=oac United States. District Court (California : Southern District)Land Case 123 SD]</ref>  The [[US District Court]] upheld the decision on appeal in 1873, 8 years after Agustín Machado had died, and Rancho La Ballona was [[Land patent|patented]] at {{convert|13920|acre|km2|0}} to the original four claimants.<ref>[http://www.slc.ca.gov/Misc_Pages/Historical/Surveyors_General/reports/Willey_1884_1886.pdf Report of the Surveyor General 1844–1886] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320000647/http://www.slc.ca.gov/Misc_Pages/Historical/Surveyors_General/reports/Willey_1884_1886.pdf |date=2013-03-20}}</ref>
+The [[Mexican Cession|cession]] of California to the United States followed the [[Mexican–American War]], and the 1848 [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] promised that the existing land grants would be honored. In accordance with the Land Act of 1851, the Machados and Talamanteses registered their claim for Rancho La Ballona with the [[Public Land Commission|Board of California Land Commissioners]], and it was approved in 1854.<ref>[http://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/264493 United States. District Court (California : Southern District)Land Case 123 SD]</ref><ref>[http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/hb109nb422/ Finding Aid to the Documents Pertaining to the Adjudication of Private Land Claims in California, circa 1852-1892]</ref>  The [[US District Court]] upheld the decision on appeal in 1873, 8 years after Agustín Machado had died, and Rancho La Ballona was [[Land patent|patented]] at {{convert|13920|acre|km2|0}} to the original four claimants.<ref>[http://www.slc.ca.gov/Misc_Pages/Historical/Surveyors_General/reports/Willey_1884_1886.pdf Report of the Surveyor General 1844–1886] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320000647/http://www.slc.ca.gov/Misc_Pages/Historical/Surveyors_General/reports/Willey_1884_1886.pdf |date=2013-03-20}}</ref>
 In 1857, [[Benjamin D. Wilson]] received title to one fourth of Rancho La Ballona on a [[foreclosure]] of a loan he had made to Tomas Talamantes in 1854.  Wilson sold his portion of Rancho La Ballona to George A. Sanford and John D. Young, who in 1863 had petitioned for a division of the lower Ballona Valley land. A decree dividing it into 23 sections was issued in 1868.<ref name=huntingtonmap>[http://hdl.huntington.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15150coll4/id/11328 Huntington Digital Library: "Map of the Rancho "La Ballona" (circa 1867)] . accessed 28 August 2016.</ref> Each of the 23 long narrow parcels was to have three types of land: "pasture", "irrigable"; and "bay" ([[Santa Monica Bay]]).<ref name=huntingtonmap />  The largest allotment of the former rancho, on the bluff northwest of Ballona Valley to the boundary with [[Rancho San Vicente y Santa Monica]], was to the "Estate of Augustin Machado",  and by a later partition in 1875 this allotment was re-divided among the "Heirs of Augustin Machado".<ref name=huntingtonmap /><ref>Mary Sainte Therese Wittenburg, 1973, ''The Machados & Rancho La Ballona: The story of the land and its ranchero, Jose Agustin Antonio Machado, with a genealogy of the Machado family'', Dawson's Book Shop  {{ISBN|978-0-87093-164-2}}</ref><ref>Robinson, W. W. (William Wilcox), 1939, ''Culver City : a calendar of events in which is included, also, the story of Palms and Playa Del Rey together with Rancho la Ballona and Rancho Rincon de los Bueyes'', Title Guarantee and Trust Co, Los Angeles.</ref><ref>[http://www.upress.pitt.edu/htmlSourceFiles/pdfs/9780822959397exr.pdf Ranchos and the Politics of Land Claims] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129061402/http://www.upress.pitt.edu/htmlSourceFiles/pdfs/9780822959397exr.pdf |date=2016-01-29 }} by Karen Clay and Werner Troesken</ref>
@@ Line 26: / Line 43: @@
 ===Camp Latham===
+{{Main|Camp Latham}}
-During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] [[George Wright (general)|General George Wright]] ordered troops to secure Port Ballona against a possible seizure by pro-[[Confederate States of America|Confederates]], and by 1862 6,000 [[Union Army|Union troops]] were stationed Port Ballona. Their post was named [[Camp Latham]], after [[Milton Latham]].
+During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] [[George Wright (general)|General George Wright]] ordered troops to secure Port Ballona against a possible seizure by pro-[[Confederate States of America|Confederates]], and by 1862 6,000 [[Union Army|Union troops]] were stationed Port Ballona.{{cn|date=March 2023}} Their post was named [[Camp Latham]], after [[Milton Latham]].{{cn|date=March 2023}}
+[[File:Rancho La Ballona in 1888 excerpted from Official map of Los Angeles County by V J Rowan.jpg|thumb|Rancho La Ballona in 1888, excerpted from ''Official map of Los Angeles County'' by V. J. Rowan]]
 ==Machado family==
 José Manuel Machado (1756–1810) married María de la Luz Valenzuela Y Avilas in 1780, and traveled in [[Fernando Rivera y Moncada|Rivera]]'s 1781 expedition to [[Alta California]]. In 1781, Machado retired to the [[Pueblo de Los Angeles]]. Two of his sons, José Agustín Antonio Machado and José Ygnacio Antonio Machado, tried unsuccessfully for some time to get grazing rights on land near the pueblo.
-===Augustin Machado (1794–1865)===
+===Augustín Machado (1794–1865)===
 [[File:1860 Augustin Antonio Machado.jpg|thumb|right|Augustin Machado]]
@@ Line 51: / Line 71: @@
 ==See also==
-* {{C|Ranchos of Los Angeles County, California}}
+* [[Ranchos of Los Angeles County]]
-* [[List of Ranchos of California]]
+* [[:Category:Ranchos of Los Angeles County, California]]
 * [[Ranchos of California]]
+* [[List of Ranchos of California]]
 ;People
@@ Line 64: / Line 85: @@
 ==External links==
+* [https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/264493 Ballona (also called "Paso de las Carretas") Los Angeles County, Agustín and Ignacio Machado, Claimants. Case no. 123, Southern District of California (digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu)]
 * [http://digarc.usc.edu/assetserver/controller/view/search/CHS-13060 Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County]
-* [https://www.amazon.com/Beach-The-King-Westchester-California/dp/1449984177 Amazon.com: ''Beach Of The King'', by David J. Dukesherer]
+* [https://www.amazon.com/Beach-The-King-Westchester-California/dp/1449984177 Amazon.com: ''Beach of the King'', by David J. Dukesherer]
+{{commons category|Rancho La Ballona}}
 {{California history}}
@@ Line 76: / Line 100: @@
 [[Category:History of Los Angeles]]
 [[Category:History of Santa Monica, California]]
-[[Category:Culver City, California]]
+[[Category:History of Culver City, California]]
 [[Category:Mar Vista, Los Angeles]]
 [[Category:Marina del Rey, California]]