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{{Italic title}}{{Short description|Hindu hymn}} |
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[[File:Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, dedicated to Vishnu, in Srirangam, near Tiruchirappali (16) (36842412443).jpg|thumb|280x280px|Statues of Ranganatha and his consorts, extolled in this text, Srirangam]] |
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translation at [http://www.srivaishnava.org/sva/rama/rgadyame.htm] |
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The '''''Sriranga Gadyam''''' ({{Lang-sa|श्रीरंगगद्यम्|translit=Śrīraṅgagadyam}}) is a [[Sanskrit]] prayer written by the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] philosopher [[Ramanuja]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Müller |first=Srilata Raman |date=2004 |title=Soteriology in the Writings of Rāmānuja: Bhakti and/or Prapatti? |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43381578 |journal=Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft |volume=154 |issue=1 |pages=85–129 |jstor=43381578 |issn=0341-0137}}</ref> towards the end of the 11th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Uppe |first=Dr Shivakumar V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VPagEAAAQBAJ&dq=Sriranga+Gadyam&pg=PA87 |title=Major Socio -Religious Reform Movements in India |date=2022-12-10 |publisher=Ashok Yakkaldevi |isbn=978-1-387-43350-6 |pages=87 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Marga |first=Bhakti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Jp7DwAAQBAJ&dq=Sriranga+Gadyam&pg=PA79 |title=Prathana: Prayers of Bhakti Marga – Complete with Translations and Vedic Chants |date=2018-01-31 |publisher=BoD – Books on Demand |isbn=978-3-96343-022-0 |pages=79 |language=en}}</ref> It is one of the first [[bhakti]] prayers in the [[Sri Vaishnavism|Sri Vaishnava]] school of thought and is the basis for many prayers, like the ''[[Raghuvira Gadyam]]'', also of this style. It is recited in the 108 [[divya desam|Divya Desam]] temples, including [[Srirangam]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Moser |first1=Paul K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ioLoDwAAQBAJ&dq=Srirangagadyam&pg=PA208 |title=The Cambridge Companion to Religious Experience |last2=Meister |first2=Chad |date=2020-07-16 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-47217-3 |pages=208 |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Composition== |
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According to the [[Sri Vaishnavism|Sri Vaishnava]] narrative, [[Ramanuja]] and his disciples visited the [[Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam|Ranganathaswamy Temple]] in [[Srirangam]] on Panguni Uttiram (Uttara Phalguni), a day in the [[Tamil calendar]] month of [[Phalguna|Panguni]] on the day of the ascension of the star called [[Uttara Phalgunī|Uttiram]]. In [[Tamil mythology]], Uttiram was in ascent when the chief goddess of the temple, [[Ranganayaki]], a form of [[Lakshmi]], was born. Ramanuja was inspired by the festivities of the day and composed the ''Sriranga Gadyam'', the ''[[Saranagati Gadyam]]'', and the ''[[Vaikuntha Gadyam]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Juergensmeyer |first1=Mark |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B105DQAAQBAJ&dq=Ramanuja+Srirangam+Sharanagati&pg=PA1050 |title=Encyclopedia of Global Religion |last2=Roof |first2=Wade Clark |date=2012 |publisher=SAGE |isbn=978-0-7619-2729-7 |pages=1050 |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Content== |
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{{Vaishnavism}} |
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The ''Sriranga Gadyam'', unlike the commentaries of Ramanuja on [[Vedanta]], does not have detailed philosophical debates. Instead, it is a pure expression of bhakti and gives a detailed description of the deity [[Ranganatha]] as the repository of infinite ''[[Guṇa|guna]]'', which he calls ''kalyana guna'' (virtuous quality).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=SAWAI |first=YOSHITSUGU |date=1993 |title=RĀMĀNUJA'S THEORY OF KARMAN |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23445643 |journal=Journal of Indian Philosophy |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=11–29 |doi=10.1007/BF01092743 |jstor=23445643 |s2cid=170661901 |issn=0022-1791}}</ref> |
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First he describes Ranganatha as [[gyan (sanskrit)|''jnana'']] (true and perfect knowledge), ''bala'' (strength), ''aishvarya'' (sovereignty), [[veerya|''virya'']] (virility), [[shakthi|''shakti'']] (power), ''agni'' (radiance), ''saushilya'' (good-naturedness), ''vatsalya'' (pure love), ''mardava'' (affection), ''arjava'' (honesty), ''sauharda'' (benevolence), ''samya'' (equanimous), ''karunya'' (mercy), ''madhurya'' (sweetness), ''gambhirya'' (majesty), ''audharya'' (liberal), ''chaturya'' (intelligence), ''sthairya'' (tenacious), ''dhairya'' (courage), ''shaurya'' (valour), ''parakrama'' (vitality), ''satyakama'' (the lover of truth), ''satya sankalpa'' (true resolve), ''krititvam'' (achiever of goals), ''kritanganatha'' (lord of actions) and the repository and ocean of all such innumerable virtues. He is extolled as [[Parabrahman]] and [[Purushottama|Purushotthama]] (the ultimate being).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramanujacharya |first=Sri |url=https://www.angelfire.com/ok5/livermore/pdf/Sri_Ranga_Gadyam.pdf |title=Sriranga Gadyam |publisher=Hindu Community and Cultural Center}}</ref> |
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Next, he explains how he is trapped in the cycle of ''[[samsara]]'' and bound by his ''[[karma]]'' into doing actions that result in sins. Neither ''[[jnana yoga]]'', the yoga of knowledge, nor ''[[karma yoga]]'', the part of virtuous deeds as described in [[Bhagvad Gita|Bhagavad Gita]] help him achieve [[moksha]]. |
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Finally, he asks that unworthy as he is in so many ways, he be granted the grace of Ranganatha. |
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==Style== |
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The prose of this hymn comprises alternate long and short sentences with many adjectival phrases. |
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== See also == |
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* ''[[Sharanagati Gadyam]]'' |
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* ''[[Vaikuntha Gadyam]]'' |
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* ''[[Raghuvira Gadyam]]'' |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category:Vaishnava texts]] |
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[[Category:11th-century Sanskrit literature]] |
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[[Category:Hindu literature]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:52, 3 April 2024
_(36842412443).jpg)
The Sriranga Gadyam (Sanskrit: श्रीरंगगद्यम्, romanized: Śrīraṅgagadyam) is a Sanskrit prayer written by the Hindu philosopher Ramanuja[1] towards the end of the 11th century.[2][3] It is one of the first bhakti prayers in the Sri Vaishnava school of thought and is the basis for many prayers, like the Raghuvira Gadyam, also of this style. It is recited in the 108 Divya Desam temples, including Srirangam.[4]
Composition
[edit]According to the Sri Vaishnava narrative, Ramanuja and his disciples visited the Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam on Panguni Uttiram (Uttara Phalguni), a day in the Tamil calendar month of Panguni on the day of the ascension of the star called Uttiram. In Tamil mythology, Uttiram was in ascent when the chief goddess of the temple, Ranganayaki, a form of Lakshmi, was born. Ramanuja was inspired by the festivities of the day and composed the Sriranga Gadyam, the Saranagati Gadyam, and the Vaikuntha Gadyam.[5]
Content
[edit]| Part of a series on |
| Vaishnavism |
|---|
 |
The Sriranga Gadyam, unlike the commentaries of Ramanuja on Vedanta, does not have detailed philosophical debates. Instead, it is a pure expression of bhakti and gives a detailed description of the deity Ranganatha as the repository of infinite guna, which he calls kalyana guna (virtuous quality).[6]
First he describes Ranganatha as jnana (true and perfect knowledge), bala (strength), aishvarya (sovereignty), virya (virility), shakti (power), agni (radiance), saushilya (good-naturedness), vatsalya (pure love), mardava (affection), arjava (honesty), sauharda (benevolence), samya (equanimous), karunya (mercy), madhurya (sweetness), gambhirya (majesty), audharya (liberal), chaturya (intelligence), sthairya (tenacious), dhairya (courage), shaurya (valour), parakrama (vitality), satyakama (the lover of truth), satya sankalpa (true resolve), krititvam (achiever of goals), kritanganatha (lord of actions) and the repository and ocean of all such innumerable virtues. He is extolled as Parabrahman and Purushotthama (the ultimate being).[7]
Next, he explains how he is trapped in the cycle of samsara and bound by his karma into doing actions that result in sins. Neither jnana yoga, the yoga of knowledge, nor karma yoga, the part of virtuous deeds as described in Bhagavad Gita help him achieve moksha.
Finally, he asks that unworthy as he is in so many ways, he be granted the grace of Ranganatha.
Style
[edit]The prose of this hymn comprises alternate long and short sentences with many adjectival phrases.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Müller, Srilata Raman (2004). "Soteriology in the Writings of Rāmānuja: Bhakti and/or Prapatti?". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft. 154 (1): 85–129. ISSN 0341-0137. JSTOR 43381578.
- ^ Uppe, Dr Shivakumar V. (2022-12-10). Major Socio -Religious Reform Movements in India. Ashok Yakkaldevi. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-387-43350-6.
- ^ Marga, Bhakti (2018-01-31). Prathana: Prayers of Bhakti Marga – Complete with Translations and Vedic Chants. BoD – Books on Demand. p. 79. ISBN 978-3-96343-022-0.
- ^ Moser, Paul K.; Meister, Chad (2020-07-16). The Cambridge Companion to Religious Experience. Cambridge University Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-1-108-47217-3.
- ^ Juergensmeyer, Mark; Roof, Wade Clark (2012). Encyclopedia of Global Religion. SAGE. p. 1050. ISBN 978-0-7619-2729-7.
- ^ SAWAI, YOSHITSUGU (1993). "RĀMĀNUJA'S THEORY OF KARMAN". Journal of Indian Philosophy. 21 (1): 11–29. doi:10.1007/BF01092743. ISSN 0022-1791. JSTOR 23445643. S2CID 170661901.
- ^ Ramanujacharya, Sri. Sriranga Gadyam (PDF). Hindu Community and Cultural Center.