Apis of Argos: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Markx121993 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Markx121993 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| (14 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Other uses|Apis (Greek mythology)}} |
{{Other uses|Apis (Greek mythology)}} |
||
{{short description|King of Argos in Greek mythology}} |
|||
'''Apis''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|eɪ|p|ᵻ|s}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Ἄπις derived from ''apios'' "far-off" or "of the pear-tree"<ref>"Apis is the noun formed from ''apios'', a [[Homer]]ic adjective usually meaning ‘far off’ but, when applied to the [[Peloponnese]] ([[Aeschylus]]: [[The Suppliants (Aeschylus)|Suppliants]]), ‘of the pear-tree’" as cited in Robert Graves' The Greek Myths</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Greek Myths|last=Robert Graves|publisher=Penguin Books|year=1960|isbn=978-0143106715|location=Harmondsworth, London, England|pages=s.v. Endymion}}</ref>) was a king of [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]] in [[Greek mythology]]. |
|||
'''Apis''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|eɪ|p|ᵻ|s}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Ἄπις) was a king of [[Argos]] in [[Greek mythology]]. |
|||
== Family == |
== Family == |
||
Apis was a son of [[Phoroneus]] by the [[nymph]] [[Teledice]]<ref name=":0" /> (Laodice{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}) or [[Cinna (mythology)|Cinna]]<ref>[[Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' 145</ref> or [[Cerdo (mythology)|Cerdo]],<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'', 2. 21. 1</ref> and brother of [[Niobe (daughter of Phoroneus)|Niobe]]. In some accounts, he was the son of Phoroneus by his first wife [[Peitho]] ("Persuasion") and thus brother to [[Aegialeus of Sicyon|Aegialeus]].<ref>[[Scholia]]st on [[Euripides]], ''[[Orestes (play)|Orestes]]'' 920</ref> Yet, Apis' possible mother was also [[Perimede (mythology)|Perimede]], daughter of [[Aeolus (son of Hellen)|Aeolus]].<ref>[[Scholia]] on [[Pindar]], Olympian Ode 3. 28</ref> |
|||
Apis was a son of [[Phoroneus]] by the [[nymph]] Teledice, and brother of [[Niobe (daughter of Phoroneus)|Niobe]]. |
|||
== Reign == |
== Reign == |
||
During Apis' reign he established a [[tyranny|tyrannical]] government and called the [[Peloponnesus]] after his own name Apia, but was eventually killed in a conspiracy headed by Thelxion, king of [[Sparta]], and [[Telchis]].<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''Bibliotheca'' 2.1.1</ref> In the former of these passages [[Apollodorus of Athens]] states that Apis, the son of Phoroneus, was killed by Aetolus; but this is a mistake arising from the confusion of this Apis with another Apis who was the son of [[Jason]], who was killed by Aetolus during the funeral games celebrated in honor of Azanes.<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Graeciae Descriptio'' 5.50.6</ref> [[Argus Panoptes]], a descendant of his sister [[Niobe]], avenged his murder by putting Thelxion and Telchis to death.<ref>Pseudo-Apollodorus, ''Bibliotheca'' 2.1.2</ref> |
During Apis' reign he established a [[tyranny|tyrannical]] government and called the [[Peloponnesus]] after his own name Apia, but was eventually killed in a conspiracy headed by Thelxion, king of [[Sparta]], and [[Telchis]].<ref name=":0">[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''Bibliotheca'' 2.1.1</ref> In the former of these passages [[Apollodorus of Athens]] states that Apis, the son of Phoroneus, was killed by Aetolus; but this is a mistake arising from the confusion of this Apis with another Apis who was the son of [[Jason]], who was killed by Aetolus during the funeral games celebrated in honor of Azanes.<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Graeciae Descriptio'' 5.50.6</ref> [[Argus Panoptes]], a descendant of his sister [[Niobe]], avenged his murder by putting Thelxion and Telchis to death.<ref>Pseudo-Apollodorus, ''Bibliotheca'' 2.1.2</ref> |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
! colspan="12" |APIS' CHRONOLOGY OF REIGN ACCORDING TO VARIOUS SOURCES |
! colspan="12" |APIS' CHRONOLOGY OF REIGN ACCORDING TO VARIOUS SOURCES |
||
| Line 58: | Line 59: | ||
|Argus |
|Argus |
||
| -do- |
| -do- |
||
|[[Argeius]] or Criasus |
|[[Argeius (Greek myth)|Argeius]] or Criasus |
||
|Argus |
|Argus |
||
|} |
|} |
||
| Line 70: | Line 71: | ||
== References == |
== References == |
||
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. [ |
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library] |
||
* Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. [ |
* Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library]. |
||
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. [ |
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website]. |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
{{s-start}} |
{{s-start}} |
||
| Line 80: | Line 80: | ||
{{succession box |
{{succession box |
||
| title = [[King of Argos]] |
| title = [[King of Argos]] |
||
| years = 1622 BC or 1625 BC |
| years = 1622 BC or 1625 BC – 1600 BC |
||
| before = [[Phoroneus]] |
| before = [[Phoroneus]] |
||
| after = [[Argus (king of Argos)|Argus]] |
| after = [[Argus (king of Argos)|Argus]] |
||
| Line 88: | Line 88: | ||
{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
||
{{ |
{{Subject bar |portal=Ancient Greece|portal2=Myths}} |
||
[[Category:Princes in Greek mythology]] |
[[Category:Princes in Greek mythology]] |
||
Latest revision as of 19:32, 6 June 2024
Apis (/ˈeɪpɪs/; Ancient Greek: Ἄπις derived from apios "far-off" or "of the pear-tree"[1][2]) was a king of Argos in Greek mythology.
Family
[edit]Apis was a son of Phoroneus by the nymph Teledice[3] (Laodice[citation needed]) or Cinna[4] or Cerdo,[5] and brother of Niobe. In some accounts, he was the son of Phoroneus by his first wife Peitho ("Persuasion") and thus brother to Aegialeus.[6] Yet, Apis' possible mother was also Perimede, daughter of Aeolus.[7]
Reign
[edit]During Apis' reign he established a tyrannical government and called the Peloponnesus after his own name Apia, but was eventually killed in a conspiracy headed by Thelxion, king of Sparta, and Telchis.[3] In the former of these passages Apollodorus of Athens states that Apis, the son of Phoroneus, was killed by Aetolus; but this is a mistake arising from the confusion of this Apis with another Apis who was the son of Jason, who was killed by Aetolus during the funeral games celebrated in honor of Azanes.[8] Argus Panoptes, a descendant of his sister Niobe, avenged his murder by putting Thelxion and Telchis to death.[9]
| APIS' CHRONOLOGY OF REIGN ACCORDING TO VARIOUS SOURCES | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kings of Argos | Regnal Years | Castor | Regnal Years | Syncellus | Regnal Years | Apollodorus | Hyginus | Tatian | Pausanias | ||
| Precessor | 1652 | 60 winters & summers | Phoroneus | 1649.5 | 60 winters & summers | Phoroneus | 1650 | Phoroneus | -do- | -do- | -do- |
| Apis | 1622 | 35 winters & summers | Apis | 1619.5 | 35 winters & summers | Apis | 1625 | Apis | -do- | -do- | -do- |
| Successor | 1604.5 | 70 winters & summers | Argus | 1602 | 70 winters & summers | Argus | 1600 | Argus | -do- | Argeius or Criasus | Argus |
Serapis
[edit]Apis, the son of Phoroneus, is said, after his death, to have been worshiped as a god under the name of Serapis (Σάραπις). This confusion is still more manifest in the tradition, that Apis gave his kingdom of Argos to his brother, and went to Egypt, where he reigned for several years afterwards.[10][11] Apis is spoken of as one of the earliest lawgivers among the Greeks.[12] Both these stories show that Egyptian myths were mixed up with the story of Apis, see Apis (Egyptian mythology).
Notes
[edit]- ^ "Apis is the noun formed from apios, a Homeric adjective usually meaning ‘far off’ but, when applied to the Peloponnese (Aeschylus: Suppliants), ‘of the pear-tree’" as cited in Robert Graves' The Greek Myths
- ^ Robert Graves (1960). The Greek Myths. Harmondsworth, London, England: Penguin Books. pp. s.v. Endymion. ISBN 978-0143106715.
- ^ a b Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2.1.1
- ^ Hyginus, Fabulae 145
- ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 2. 21. 1
- ^ Scholiast on Euripides, Orestes 920
- ^ Scholia on Pindar, Olympian Ode 3. 28
- ^ Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 5.50.6
- ^ Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2.1.2
- ^ Eusebius, Chronicle, n. 271
- ^ Augustine, De Civitate Dei, 18. 5
- ^ Theodoret. Graec. Affect. Cur. vol. iv. p. 927, ed. Schulz.
References
[edit]- Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
- Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pseudo-Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schmitz, Leonhard (1870). "Apis". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 1. p. 226.
