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{{Short description|Confederation of Kurdish Alevi tribes}}
The '''Koçgiri''' ({{Lang-ku|Qoçgirî|lit=nomad}}) is a [[Kurds|Kurdish]] tribal conferedation mainly live in [[Sivas Province]], [[Turkey]].{{sfn|Dersimi|1952|p=61}} The tribe staged a [[Koçgiri rebellion|rebellion in 1921]] against Turkish Government of Ankara and brutally suppressed.{{Sfn|Mango|2012|p=249}}
'''Koçgiri''' ({{Lang-ku|Eşireta Qoçgirî}}; {{Lang-tr|Koçgiri aşireti}}) is a collection or confederation of [[Kurds|Kurdish]] [[Alevism|Alevi]] tribes,<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1997-01-01|editor-last=Bruinessen|editor-first=Martin van|title=Aslini İnkar Eden Haramzadedir! the Debate on the Ethnic Identity of the Kurdish Alevis|url=https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004378988/B9789004378988_s005.xml|journal=Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East|language=en|pages=1–23|doi=10.1163/9789004378988_005|hdl=1874/20716|isbn=9789004378988|quote="Further west, we find another important Kurdish Alevi population, the Koçgiri tribal confederation, in and around the Zara district of Sivas."|hdl-access=free}}</ref> of mainly from [[Sivas Province]] (and also [[Erzincan Province]]), in [[Turkey]]. They are speakers of a dialect of [[Kurmanji]].

== Etymology ==
The origin of the name ''Koçgiri'' is disputed, there are two main opposing points of view:
* ''Qoçgirî'' may originally mean «Great migration» in the Kurdish language, ''qoç'' (migration) being itself a loanword from a Turkic language,


The Koçgiri tribes claim to have left ''Dersim'' and arrived in this region several centuries ago, and their customs, culture and physiognomy are completely similar to those of the ''Dersim''ites and they retain their links with ''Dersim''.{{Sfn|Dersimi|1952|p=61}} They spoke [[Kurmanji]]{{Sfn|Dersimi|1952|p=61}} and are [[Alevism|Alevis]].


== History ==
== History ==
{{further|Alevi history}}


Ottoman tax records in the 1360-1370's mention the name of Koçgiri, indicating that a so named region or tribe paid their taxes to the Ottomans.<ref name= "BakiOz">KOÇGİRİ OLAYI, https://muhaz.org/ismail-arabaci-kimdir.html?page=50, 16/11/1999</ref>{{main|Koçgiri rebellion}}
It is possible that the Koçgiri tribes came to this region by forced deportation during the reign of [[Selim I]]. But this tribes; It never came under the influence of the [[Ottoman Empire]]. They are always armed and have a wealth of rifles and ammunition.{{Sfn|Dersimi|1952|p=62}} {{main|Koçgiri rebellion}}

They are known to have initiated the [[Koçgiri rebellion]] that occurred in March 1921, during the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. About 5,000 rebels, including [[Sunnism|Sunni]] tribes having joined the uprising later,{{Sfn|Güneş|2014|p=244}} fought against the [[Government of the Grand National Assembly|Grand National Assembly]]. They were defeated on 17 June.
They are known to have initiated the [[Koçgiri rebellion]] that occurred in March 1921, during the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. About 5,000 rebels, including [[Sunnism|Sunni]] tribes having joined the uprising later,{{Sfn|Güneş|2014|p=244}} fought against the [[Government of the Grand National Assembly|Grand National Assembly]]. They were defeated on 17 June.

== Politics and elections ==
In the 2002, ten thousand members of the tribe who were able to vote mostly voted for the pro-Kurdish [[Democratic People's Party (Turkey)|Democratic People's Party]] (DEHAP) and [[Republican People's Party]] (CHP).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230213094436/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/amp/gundem/900-bin-asiret-oyu-hangi-partiye-gidecek-99502 "900 bin aşiret oyu hangi partiye gidecek"]. ''[[Hürriyet]]''. 24 September 2002. Retrieved 13 February 2023.</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
Line 16: Line 17:


== Sources ==
== Sources ==
* {{Cite book |last=Dersimi |first=Nuri |title=Kürdistan Tarihinde Dersim |publisher=Ani Matbaası |year=1952 |isbn=975-6876-44-1 |location=Aleppo |pages= |language=tr |quote= |author-link=Nuri Dersimi |orig-year=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Vital |first=Cuinet |title=La Turquie d'Asie, géographie administrative : statistique, descriptive et raisonnée de chaque province de l'Asie Mineure |year=1891–1894 |location=Paris |pages=619–620 |language=French}}
*{{cite journal |last=Güneş |first=Ergin |year=2014 |editor-last=Boztuğ |editor-first=Onursal |title=Koçgiri İsyanı Ekseninde Dersim Direnişi |journal= |language=tr |publisher=[[Munzur University|Tunceli University]] |pages=}}
*{{cite journal |last=Güneş |first=Ergin |year=2014 |editor-last=Boztuğ |editor-first=Onursal |title=Koçgiri İsyanı Ekseninde Dersim Direnişi |journal= |language=tr |publisher=Tunceli University |pages=244}}

*{{Cite book |last=Mango |first=Andrew |title=The Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey |publisher=Routledge |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-415-55817-4 |editor-last=Heper |editor-first=Metin |chapter=The Kurds |author-link=Andrew Mango |editor-last2=Sabari |editor-first2=Sabri}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kocgiri (tribe)}}
[[Category:Alevis]]
[[Category:Alevis]]
[[Category:Kurds in Turkey]]
[[Category:Kurds in Turkey]]

Latest revision as of 10:22, 16 June 2024

Koçgiri (Kurdish: Eşireta Qoçgirî; Turkish: Koçgiri aşireti) is a collection or confederation of Kurdish Alevi tribes,[1] of mainly from Sivas Province (and also Erzincan Province), in Turkey. They are speakers of a dialect of Kurmanji.

Etymology

[edit]

The origin of the name Koçgiri is disputed, there are two main opposing points of view:

  • Qoçgirî may originally mean «Great migration» in the Kurdish language, qoç (migration) being itself a loanword from a Turkic language,


History

[edit]
Further information: Alevi history

Ottoman tax records in the 1360-1370's mention the name of Koçgiri, indicating that a so named region or tribe paid their taxes to the Ottomans.[2]

Main article: Koçgiri rebellion

They are known to have initiated the Koçgiri rebellion that occurred in March 1921, during the Turkish War of Independence. About 5,000 rebels, including Sunni tribes having joined the uprising later,[3] fought against the Grand National Assembly. They were defeated on 17 June.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bruinessen, Martin van, ed. (1997-01-01). "Aslini İnkar Eden Haramzadedir! the Debate on the Ethnic Identity of the Kurdish Alevis". Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East: 1–23. doi:10.1163/9789004378988_005. hdl:1874/20716. ISBN 9789004378988. Further west, we find another important Kurdish Alevi population, the Koçgiri tribal confederation, in and around the Zara district of Sivas.
  2. ^ KOÇGİRİ OLAYI, https://muhaz.org/ismail-arabaci-kimdir.html?page=50, 16/11/1999
  3. ^ Güneş 2014, p. 244.

Sources

[edit]
  • Vital, Cuinet (1891–1894). La Turquie d'Asie, géographie administrative : statistique, descriptive et raisonnée de chaque province de l'Asie Mineure (in French). Paris. pp. 619–620.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Güneş, Ergin (2014). Boztuğ, Onursal (ed.). "Koçgiri İsyanı Ekseninde Dersim Direnişi" (in Turkish). Tunceli University: 244. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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