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| birth_date = June 15, 1876
| birth_date = June 15, 1876
| birth_place = Budapest, [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] (now Hungary)
| birth_place = Budapest, [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] (now Hungary)
| death_date = August 23, 1938
| death_date = August 23, 1938 (aged 62)
| death_place = Los Angeles, California, United States
| death_place = Los Angeles, California, United States
| burial_place = [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)|Forest Lawn Memorial Park]]
| burial_place = [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)|Forest Lawn Memorial Park]]
Line 14: Line 14:
| children = 4, including [[Henry Hathaway]]
| children = 4, including [[Henry Hathaway]]
}}
}}
'''Jean Hathaway''' ([[née]] '''Lillie Bishop''';<ref name="Pomainville">{{Cite book |last=Pomainville |first=Harold N. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWA0DAAAQBAJ |title=Henry Hathaway: The Lives of a Hollywood Director |date=2016-06-10 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-6978-1 |pages=6, 14}}</ref> 1876–1938) was a Hungarian-born Belgian and American stage and silent film actress, singer, and a [[Belgian nobility|Belgian]] [[marquess]].<ref name="TheLosAngelesTimes">{{Cite news |date=1938-08-25 |title=Obituary for Jean Hathaway |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-obituary-for-jean/140414601/ |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[The Los Angeles Times]] |pages=7 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=August 25, 1938 |title=Mrs. Jean Hathaway; Film Star In Early Days Of Hollywood Dies At Age Of 62 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/08/25/archives/mrs-jean-hathaway-film-star-in-early-days-of-hollywood-dies-at-age.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |pages=19 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Her career began on the [[vaudeville]] circuit; and by 1908 she was an early star of [[Allan Dwan]]'s [[American Film Manufacturing Company]].<ref name="TheLosAngelesTimes" /> After her marriage in 1894, she also went by the names '''Marquise Lillie de Fiennes''' and '''Jane Hathaway'''.
'''Jean Hathaway''' ([[née]] '''Lillie Bishop''';<ref name="Pomainville">{{Cite book |last=Pomainville |first=Harold N. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWA0DAAAQBAJ |title=Henry Hathaway: The Lives of a Hollywood Director |date=2016-06-10 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-6978-1 |pages=6, 9, 14}}</ref> 1876–1938) was a Hungarian-born Belgian and American stage and silent film actress, singer, and claimed to be a [[Belgian nobility|Belgian]] [[Marquess|Marquise]] though marriage.<ref name="TheLosAngelesTimes">{{Cite news |date=1938-08-25 |title=Obituary for Jean Hathaway |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-obituary-for-jean/140414601/ |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[The Los Angeles Times]] |pages=7 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=August 25, 1938 |title=Mrs. Jean Hathaway; Film Star In Early Days Of Hollywood Dies At Age Of 62 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/08/25/archives/mrs-jean-hathaway-film-star-in-early-days-of-hollywood-dies-at-age.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |pages=19 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=August 7, 2013 |title=Henry Hathaway, un marquis devenu roi du western à Hollywood |trans-title=Henry Hathaway, a marquis who became king of the western in Hollywood |url=https://www.lecho.be/dossier/amerique/henry-hathaway-un-marquis-devenu-roi-du-western-a-hollywood/9385888.html |work=L'Echo |language=Fr}}</ref> Her career began on the [[vaudeville]] circuit; and by 1908 she was an early star of [[Allan Dwan]]'s [[American Film Manufacturing Company]].<ref name="TheLosAngelesTimes" /> After her marriage in 1894, she also went by the names '''Marquise Lillie de Fiennes''' and '''Jane Hathaway'''.


== Early life and family ==
== Early life and family ==
She was born as Lillie Bishop on June 15, 1876, in Budapest during the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] (now Hungary). She immigrated to the United States around 1882.
She was born as Lillie Bishop on June 15, 1876, in Budapest during the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] (now Hungary). She immigrated to the United States around 1882.


She was married to [[San Francisco]] actor [[Rhody Hathaway]] (1868–1944; [[né]] Rudolph Henry de Fiennes) in 1894 and they had four children, including film director [[Henry Hathaway]].<ref name="Pomainville" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Schneider |first=Steven Jay |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fbf18HMiyBgC |title=501 Movie Directors |date=2007 |publisher=ABC Books |isbn=978-0-7333-2052-1 |pages=100}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1944-02-22 |title=Deaths and Funerals: Rhody Hathaway obituary |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/los-angeles-evening-citizen-news-rhody-h/140415311/ |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[Los Angeles Evening Citizen News]] |pages=14 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
She was married to [[San Francisco]] actor [[Rhody Hathaway]] (1868–1944; [[né]] Rudolph Henry de Fiennes) in 1894 and they had four children, including film director [[Henry Hathaway]].<ref name="Pomainville" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Schneider |first=Steven Jay |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fbf18HMiyBgC |title=501 Movie Directors |date=2007 |publisher=ABC Books |isbn=978-0-7333-2052-1 |pages=100}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1944-02-22 |title=Deaths and Funerals: Rhody Hathaway obituary |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/los-angeles-evening-citizen-news-rhody-h/140415311/ |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[Los Angeles Evening Citizen News]] |pages=14 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref name=":0" />


== Career ==
== Career ==
Her career began on the [[vaudeville]] circuit and in theaters in Sacramento, California and in the [[San Francisco Bay Area]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1902-12-08 |title=Local Brevities |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sacramento-bee-local-brevities/140417167/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[The Sacramento Bee]] |pages=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |issn=0890-5738}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1902-12-12 |title=Novelty Theater |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sacramento-bee-novelty-theater/140417277/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[The Sacramento Bee]] |pages=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> She was known for his [[contralto]] singing.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1903-05-30 |title=Opera House |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/tonopah-bonanza-opera-house/140418508/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=Tonopah Bonanza |pages=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1904-07-19 |title=First Night Habit Already Developing Among the Park's Patrons |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/alameda-daily-argus-first-night-habit-al/140418757/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=Alameda Daily Argus |pages=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
Hathaway's career began on the [[vaudeville]] circuit and in theaters in Sacramento, California and in the [[San Francisco Bay Area]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1902-12-08 |title=Local Brevities |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sacramento-bee-local-brevities/140417167/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[The Sacramento Bee]] |pages=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |issn=0890-5738}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1902-12-12 |title=Novelty Theater |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sacramento-bee-novelty-theater/140417277/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=[[The Sacramento Bee]] |pages=10 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> She was known for his [[contralto]] singing.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1903-05-30 |title=Opera House |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/tonopah-bonanza-opera-house/140418508/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=Tonopah Bonanza |pages=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1904-07-19 |title=First Night Habit Already Developing Among the Park's Patrons |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/alameda-daily-argus-first-night-habit-al/140418757/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |work=Alameda Daily Argus |pages=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>


By 1908 she was an early star of [[Allan Dwan]]'s [[American Film Manufacturing Company]], starring in films alongside her husband Rhody Hathaway and sometimes with their young son Henry Hathaway.<ref name="TheLosAngelesTimes" /> At the age of 35 in 1911, she appeared in the short comedy film, ''{{III|The Eastern Cowboy|it|The Eastern Cowboy}}'', produced by the American Film Manufacturing Company, directed by Alan Dwan, and starring [[J. Warren Kerrigan]].
By 1909 she was an early star of [[Allan Dwan]]'s [[American Film Manufacturing Company]], starring as a [[heroine]] in films often alongside her husband Rhody and sometimes with their young son Henry Hathaway.<ref name="TheLosAngelesTimes" /> From 1911 until 1914, the Hathaway family worked for [[Thomas H. Ince|Thomas Ince]]'s Inceville Studios.<ref name="Pomainville" /> At the age of 35 in 1911, she appeared in the short comedy film, ''{{Interlanguage link|The Eastern Cowboy|it|The Eastern Cowboy}}'', produced by the American Film Manufacturing Company, directed by Alan Dwan, and starring [[J. Warren Kerrigan]].


She wrote the screenplay for the short film ''{{III|Following Father's Footsteps|it|Following Father's Footsteps}}'' (1915), directed by Alfred Ernest Christie (of the [[Christie brothers]]).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EhIDAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA283 |title=Catalog of Copyright Entries |date=1914 |publisher=Library of Congress, Copyright Office. |pages=283 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Braff |first=Richard E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SX9ZAAAAMAAJ |title=The Universal Silents: A Filmography of the Universal Motion Picture Manufacturing Company, 1912-1929 |date=1999 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-0287-8 |pages=162}}</ref>
She wrote the screenplay for the short film ''{{Interlanguage link|Following Father's Footsteps|it|Following Father's Footsteps}}'' (1915), directed by Alfred Ernest Christie (of the [[Christie brothers]]).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EhIDAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA283 |title=Catalog of Copyright Entries |date=1914 |publisher=Library of Congress, Copyright Office. |pages=283 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Braff |first=Richard E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SX9ZAAAAMAAJ |title=The Universal Silents: A Filmography of the Universal Motion Picture Manufacturing Company, 1912-1929 |date=1999 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-0287-8 |pages=162}}</ref> In the 1920s, Rhody abandoned his family, leaving Jean as a single parent.<ref name="Pomainville" />


== Death ==
== Death ==
Line 32: Line 32:


== Filmography ==
== Filmography ==

* ''The Eastern Cowboy'' (1911), short film directed by [[Allan Dwan]]
* ''The Eastern Cowboy'' (1911), short film directed by [[Allan Dwan]]
* ''The Bugle Call'' (1912), short film directed by [[Thomas H. Ince]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Katchmer |first=George A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xWlZAAAAMAAJ |title=Eighty Silent Film Stars: Biographies and Filmographies of the Obscure to the Well Known |date=1991 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-89950-494-0 |pages=298}}</ref>
* ''The Bugle Call'' (1912), short film directed by [[Thomas H. Ince]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Katchmer |first=George A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xWlZAAAAMAAJ |title=Eighty Silent Film Stars: Biographies and Filmographies of the Obscure to the Well Known |date=1991 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-89950-494-0 |pages=298}}</ref>
* ''For the Cause'' (1912), short film directed by Thomas H. Ince and [[Francis Ford (actor)|Francis Ford]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rainey |first=Buck |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=73xZAAAAMAAJ |title=The Strong, Silent Type: Over 100 Screen Cowboys, 1903-1930 |date=2004 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-1286-0 |pages=523}}</ref>
* ''For the Cause'' (1912), short film directed by Thomas H. Ince and [[Francis Ford (actor)|Francis Ford]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rainey |first=Buck |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=73xZAAAAMAAJ |title=The Strong, Silent Type: Over 100 Screen Cowboys, 1903-1930 |date=2004 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-1286-0 |pages=523}}</ref>
* ''[[Lucille Love, Girl of Mystery]]'' (1914), directed by Francis Ford
* [[The Master Key (1914 serial)|''The Master Key'' (1914 serial)]], directed by [[Robert Z. Leonard]]; as Jean Darnell<ref name="silentera">{{cite web |title=Progressive Silent Film List: The Master Key |url=http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/M/MasterKey1914.html |access-date= |work=Silent Era}}</ref>
* ''[[The Jackals of a Great City]]'' (1916), directed by [[Edward LeSaint]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rainey |first=Buck |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=73xZAAAAMAAJ |title=The Strong, Silent Type: Over 100 Screen Cowboys, 1903-1930 |date=2004 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-1286-0 |pages=95}}</ref>
* ''[[Bobbie of the Ballet]]'' (1916), directed by [[Joe De Grasse]]; as Mrs. Stimson<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bobbie of the Ballet |url=https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/B/BobbieOfTheBallet1916.html |website=Silent Era}}</ref>
* ''[[The Adventures of Peg o' the Ring]]'' (1916), by Francis Ford and [[Jacques Jaccard]]; as Mrs. Lund<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Adventures of Peg o' the Ring |url=https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/A/AdventuresOfPegOTheRin1916.html |website=Silent Era}}</ref>
* ''[[The Scrapper]]'' (1917), directed by [[John Ford]]
* [[The Tornado (1917 film)|''The Tornado'']] (1917), directed by [[John Ford]]; as Jack's mother<ref>{{Cite book |last=Levy |first=Bill |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fo0xjILcEa0C |title=John Ford: A Bio-Bibliography |date=1998-11-30 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-0-313-27514-2 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Come Through (film)|Come Through]]'' (1917), directed by [[Jack Conway (filmmaker)|Jack Conway]]; as Mrs. Sylvester Van Deek<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Parish |first1=James Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EutkAAAAMAAJ |title=Film Directors: A Guide to Their American Films |last2=Pitts |first2=Michael R. |date=1974 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |pages=75|isbn=978-0-8108-0752-5 }}</ref>
* ''[[The Divorcee (1917 film)|The Divorcee]]'' (1917), directed by [[William Wolbert]]; as Mrs. Pelham-Wilson<ref>{{Cite book |last=Weaver |first=John T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VrwYAAAAIAAJ |title=Twenty Years of Silents, 1908-1928 |date=1971 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-0401-2 |pages=196}}</ref>
* ''[[The Craving (1918 film)|The Craving]]'' (1918), directed by [[Francis Ford (actor)|Francis Ford]] and [[John Ford]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Craving |url=https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/C/Craving1918.html |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=Silent Era}}</ref>
* ''[[The Finger of Justice]]'' (1918), directed by [[Louis Chaudet]]<ref>{{cite journal |date=July 20, 1918 |title=Synopses of Current Publications: ''The Finger of Justice'' |url=https://archive.org/details/exhibitorsherald07exhi/page/n200/mode/1up |journal=Exhibitors Herald |location=New York City |publisher=Exhibitors Herald Company |volume=7 |issue=4 |page=53}}</ref>
* ''[[The Wishing Ring Man]]'' (1919), directed by [[David Smith (director)|David Smith]]; as Mrs. Hewitt
* ''[[Short Skirts]]'' (1921), directed by Harry B. Harris; as Mrs. Shirley Smith
* ''[[Boy Crazy (film)|Boy Crazy]]'' (1922), directed by [[William A. Seiter]]; as Mrs. Cameron<ref name="Herald">{{cite journal |date=March 25, 1922 |title=Reviews: ''Boy Crazy'' |url=https://archive.org/details/exhibitorsherald14exhi/page/n1177/mode/2up?q=%22Boy+Crazy%22 |journal=Exhibitors Herald |location=New York City |publisher=Exhibitors Herald Company |volume=14 |issue=13 |page=60}}</ref>
* ''[[Plain Clothes (1925 film)|Plain Clothes]]'' (1925), directed by [[Harry Edwards (director)|Harry Edwards]]; Mrs O'Grady


== References ==
== References ==
Line 49: Line 65:
[[Category:20th-century American actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century American actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Budapest]]
[[Category:Actresses from Budapest]]
[[Category:American actresses]]
[[Category:American contraltos]]
[[Category:American silent film actresses]]
[[Category:American silent film actresses]]
⚫
[[Category:Belgian nobility]]
[[Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States]]
[[Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States]]
[[Category:Hungarian silent film actresses]]
[[Category:Hungarian silent film actresses]]
[[Category:Vaudeville performers]]
[[Category:Vaudeville performers]]
[[Category:American contraltos]]
⚫
[[Category:Belgian nobility]]

Latest revision as of 17:00, 23 June 2024

Jean Hathaway
Born
Lillie Bishop

June 15, 1876
Budapest, Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Hungary)
DiedAugust 23, 1938 (aged 62)
Los Angeles, California, United States
Burial placeForest Lawn Memorial Park
Other namesMarquise Lillie de Fiennes,
Jane Hathaway
Occupation(s)Belgian marquess, singer, actress, screenplay writer
Years active1902–1925
SpouseRhody Hathaway (m. 1894–1938; death)
Children4, including Henry Hathaway

Jean Hathaway (née Lillie Bishop;[1] 1876–1938) was a Hungarian-born Belgian and American stage and silent film actress, singer, and claimed to be a Belgian Marquise though marriage.[2][3][4] Her career began on the vaudeville circuit; and by 1908 she was an early star of Allan Dwan's American Film Manufacturing Company.[2] After her marriage in 1894, she also went by the names Marquise Lillie de Fiennes and Jane Hathaway.

Early life and family

[edit]

She was born as Lillie Bishop on June 15, 1876, in Budapest during the Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Hungary). She immigrated to the United States around 1882.

She was married to San Francisco actor Rhody Hathaway (1868–1944; né Rudolph Henry de Fiennes) in 1894 and they had four children, including film director Henry Hathaway.[1][5][6][4]

Career

[edit]

Hathaway's career began on the vaudeville circuit and in theaters in Sacramento, California and in the San Francisco Bay Area.[7][8] She was known for his contralto singing.[9][10]

By 1909 she was an early star of Allan Dwan's American Film Manufacturing Company, starring as a heroine in films often alongside her husband Rhody and sometimes with their young son Henry Hathaway.[2] From 1911 until 1914, the Hathaway family worked for Thomas Ince's Inceville Studios.[1] At the age of 35 in 1911, she appeared in the short comedy film, The Eastern Cowboy [it], produced by the American Film Manufacturing Company, directed by Alan Dwan, and starring J. Warren Kerrigan.

She wrote the screenplay for the short film Following Father's Footsteps [it] (1915), directed by Alfred Ernest Christie (of the Christie brothers).[11][12] In the 1920s, Rhody abandoned his family, leaving Jean as a single parent.[1]

Death

[edit]

Hathaway died on August 23, 1938 in the Queen of Angels Hospital in Los Angeles, at the age of 62 after experiencing a brain hemorrhage.[2] She is buried in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.

Filmography

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Pomainville, Harold N. (2016-06-10). Henry Hathaway: The Lives of a Hollywood Director. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 6, 9, 14. ISBN 978-1-4422-6978-1.
  2. ^ a b c d "Obituary for Jean Hathaway". The Los Angeles Times. 1938-08-25. p. 7. Retrieved 2024-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ "Mrs. Jean Hathaway; Film Star In Early Days Of Hollywood Dies At Age Of 62". The New York Times. August 25, 1938. p. 19. ISSN 0362-4331.
  4. ^ a b "Henry Hathaway, un marquis devenu roi du western à Hollywood" [Henry Hathaway, a marquis who became king of the western in Hollywood]. L'Echo (in French). August 7, 2013.
  5. ^ Schneider, Steven Jay (2007). 501 Movie Directors. ABC Books. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-7333-2052-1.
  6. ^ "Deaths and Funerals: Rhody Hathaway obituary". Los Angeles Evening Citizen News. 1944-02-22. p. 14. Retrieved 2024-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ "Local Brevities". The Sacramento Bee. 1902-12-08. p. 10. ISSN 0890-5738. Retrieved 2024-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "Novelty Theater". The Sacramento Bee. 1902-12-12. p. 10. Retrieved 2024-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "Opera House". Tonopah Bonanza. 1903-05-30. p. 4. Retrieved 2024-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "First Night Habit Already Developing Among the Park's Patrons". Alameda Daily Argus. 1904-07-19. p. 1. Retrieved 2024-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ Catalog of Copyright Entries. Library of Congress, Copyright Office. 1914. p. 283.
  12. ^ Braff, Richard E. (1999). The Universal Silents: A Filmography of the Universal Motion Picture Manufacturing Company, 1912-1929. McFarland. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-7864-0287-8.
  13. ^ Katchmer, George A. (1991). Eighty Silent Film Stars: Biographies and Filmographies of the Obscure to the Well Known. McFarland. p. 298. ISBN 978-0-89950-494-0.
  14. ^ Rainey, Buck (2004). The Strong, Silent Type: Over 100 Screen Cowboys, 1903-1930. McFarland. p. 523. ISBN 978-0-7864-1286-0.
  15. ^ "Progressive Silent Film List: The Master Key". Silent Era.
  16. ^ Rainey, Buck (2004). The Strong, Silent Type: Over 100 Screen Cowboys, 1903-1930. McFarland. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-7864-1286-0.
  17. ^ "Bobbie of the Ballet". Silent Era.
  18. ^ "The Adventures of Peg o' the Ring". Silent Era.
  19. ^ Levy, Bill (1998-11-30). John Ford: A Bio-Bibliography. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-0-313-27514-2.
  20. ^ Parish, James Robert; Pitts, Michael R. (1974). Film Directors: A Guide to Their American Films. Scarecrow Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-8108-0752-5.
  21. ^ Weaver, John T. (1971). Twenty Years of Silents, 1908-1928. Scarecrow Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-8108-0401-2.
  22. ^ "The Craving". Silent Era. Retrieved 2024-02-07.
  23. ^ "Synopses of Current Publications: The Finger of Justice". Exhibitors Herald. 7 (4). New York City: Exhibitors Herald Company: 53. July 20, 1918.
  24. ^ "Reviews: Boy Crazy". Exhibitors Herald. 14 (13). New York City: Exhibitors Herald Company: 60. March 25, 1922.
[edit]
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