Quintino Sella: Difference between revisions

Quintino Sella
Quintino Sella
Minister of Finances
	In office; 14 December 1869 – 10 July 1873
Monarch	Victor Emmanuel II
Prime Minister	Giovanni Lanza
Preceded by	Luigi Guglielmo Cambray-Digny
Succeeded by	Marco Minghetti
	In office; 28 September 1864 – 31 December 1865
Prime Minister	Alfonso La Marmora
Preceded by	Marco Minghetti
Succeeded by	Antonio Scialoja
	In office; 3 March 1862 – 8 December 1862
Prime Minister	Urbano Rattazzi
Preceded by	Pietro Bastogi
Succeeded by	Marco Minghetti
Personal details
Born	7 July 1827; Sella di Mosso, Piedmont-Sardinia
Died	14 March 1884 (aged 56); Biella, Italy
Political party	Historical Right
Alma mater	University of Turin
Profession	Economist, mineralogist

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Quintino Sella (Italian pronunciation: [kwinˈtino ˈsɛlla]; 7 July 1827 – 14 March 1884) was an Italian politician, economist and mountaineer.

Biography

Sella was born at Sella di Mosso, in the Province of Biella.

After studying engineering at Turin, he was sent in 1843 to study mineralogy at the Parisian School of Mines (Mines ParisTech). In Paris he witnessed the revolution of 1848, and only returned to Turin in 1852, when he taught applied geometry at the technical institute. In 1853 he became professor of mathematics at the university, and in 1860 professor of mineralogy in the school of applied engineering.^[1]

In 1860 he was elected deputy for Cossato. Two years later he was selected to be secretary-general of public instruction and in 1862 received from Rattazzi the portfolio of finance. The Rattazzi cabinet fell before Sella could efficaciously provide for the deficit of 17,500,000 with which he was confronted; but in 1864 he returned to the ministry of finance in the La Marmora cabinet, and dealt energetically with the deficit of 8,000,000 then existing. Persuading the king to forgo 120,000 of his civil list, and his colleagues in the cabinet to relinquish part of their ministerial stipends, he effected savings amounting to 2,400,000, proposed new taxation to the extent of 1,600,000, and induced landowners to pay one year's instalment of the land tax in advance.^[1]

A vote of the chamber compelled him to resign before his preparations for financial restoration were complete; but in 1869 he returned to the ministry of finance in a cabinet formed by himself, but of which he made over the premiership to Giovanni Lanza. By means of the grist tax (which he had proposed in 1865, but which the Menabrea cabinet had passed in 1868), and by other fiscal expedients necessitated by the almost desperate condition of the national exchequer, he succeeded, before his fall from power in 1873, in placing Italian finance upon a sound footing, in spite of fierce attacks and persistent misrepresentation.^[1]

In 1870 his great political influence turned the scale against interference in favour of France against Prussia, and in favour of an immediate occupation of Rome. From 1873 until his premature death, he acted as leader of the Right (Destra Storica) and was more than once prevented by an ephemeral coalition of personal opponents from returning to power as head of a Moderate Conservative cabinet. After the failure of an attempt to form a cabinet in May 1881, he practically retired from public life, devoting himself to his studies and his linen factory.^[1]

Quintino Sella died in 1884 and was buried at Oropa where a pyramid was erected by the engineer Carlo Maggia as his monument; the implied anti-clericalism of this choice of an ‘Egyptian’ style matched Sella's rôle in the occupation of Rome.^[2]

A passionate alpinist, he had found time during his political career to found the Club Alpino Italiano and a number of its mountain huts are named in his honour. He was also involved in the competition for the first ascent of the Matterhorn and he was portrayed in several related films such as The Mountain Calls and The Challenge.^{[citation needed]}

His Discorsi parlamentari was published (5 vols., 1887–1890) by order of the Chamber of Deputies. An account of his life and his scientific labours was given by A Cossa in the Proceedings of the Accademia dei Lincei (1884–1885).^[1]

The mineral sellaite was named in his honour in 1869.^[3]^[4]

Gallery

Quintino Sella in the early 1860s.
Quintino Sella in an official portrait.
A Monte Viso's mountain hut was named in honour to him.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Sella, Quintino". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 613.
^ Luisa Bocchietto, Mario Coda and Carlo Gavazzi. "THE OTHER OROPA: A Guide to the Monumental Cemetery of the Sanctuary". Archived from the original (pdf) on 30 June 2012.
^ Strüver, J. (1869). "Sulla sellaite, nuovo minerale di fluorio". Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 4: 35–38.
^ "Sellaite". Mindat.org. Retrieved 10 November 2021.

External links

"Sella, Quintino" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.

[EB1911-1] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Sella, Quintino". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 613.

[2] Luisa Bocchietto, Mario Coda and Carlo Gavazzi. "THE OTHER OROPA: A Guide to the Monumental Cemetery of the Sanctuary". Archived from the original (pdf) on 30 June 2012.

[3] Strüver, J. (1869). "Sulla sellaite, nuovo minerale di fluorio". Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 4: 35–38.

[4] "Sellaite". Mindat.org. Retrieved 10 November 2021.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Italian politician (1827–1884)}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
 {{Infobox officeholder
-| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
+| honorific-prefix =
 | name             = Quintino Sella
 | image            = Quintino Sella3.jpg
@@ Line 28: / Line 30: @@
 | profession       = [[Economist]], [[mineralogist]]
 }}
-'''Quintino Sella''' ({{IPA-it|kwinˈtino ˈsɛlla}}; 7 July 1827 – 14 March 1884) was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[politician]] and [[economist]].
+'''Quintino Sella''' ({{IPA|it|kwinˈtino ˈsɛlla}}; 7 July 1827 – 14 March 1884) was an Italian [[politician]], [[economist]] and mountaineer.
 ==Biography==
 Sella was born at [[Sella di Mosso]], in the [[Province of Biella]].
-After studying [[engineering]] at [[Turin]], he was sent in 1843 to study [[mineralogy]] at the Parisian school of mines ([[Mines ParisTech]]). In [[Paris]] he witnessed the [[revolution of 1848]], and only returned to Turin in 1852, when he taught applied [[geometry]] at the technical institute. In 1853 be became professor of [[mathematics]] at the university, and in 1860 [[professor]] of mineralogy in the school of applied engineering.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Sella, Quintino|volume=24|page=613}}</ref>
+After studying [[engineering]] at [[Turin]], he was sent in 1843 to study [[mineralogy]] at the Parisian School of Mines ([[Mines ParisTech]]). In [[Paris]] he witnessed the [[revolution of 1848]], and only returned to Turin in 1852, when he taught applied [[geometry]] at the technical institute. In 1853 he became professor of [[mathematics]] at the university, and in 1860 [[professor]] of mineralogy in the school of applied engineering.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Sella, Quintino|volume=24|page=613}}</ref>
-In 1860 he was elected deputy for [[Cossato]]. A two years later he was selected to be secretary-general of public instruction, and in 1862 received from [[Urbano Rattazzi|Rattazzi]] the portfolio of finance. The Rattazzi cabinet fell before Sella could efficaciously provide for the deficit of 17,500,000 with which he was confronted; but in 1864 he returned to the ministry of finance in the [[Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora|La Marmora]] cabinet, and dealt energetically with the deficit of 8,000,000 then existing. Persuading the king to forgo 120,000 of his [[civil list]], and his colleagues in the cabinet to relinquish part of their ministerial stipends, he effected savings amounting to 2,400,000, proposed new taxation to the extent of 1,600,000, and induced landowners to pay one year's instalment of the land tax in advance.<ref name="EB1911"/>
+In 1860 he was elected deputy for [[Cossato]]. Two years later he was selected to be secretary-general of public instruction and in 1862 received from [[Urbano Rattazzi|Rattazzi]] the portfolio of finance. The Rattazzi cabinet fell before Sella could efficaciously provide for the deficit of 17,500,000 with which he was confronted; but in 1864 he returned to the ministry of finance in the [[Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora|La Marmora]] cabinet, and dealt energetically with the deficit of 8,000,000 then existing. Persuading the king to forgo 120,000 of his [[civil list]], and his colleagues in the cabinet to relinquish part of their ministerial stipends, he effected savings amounting to 2,400,000, proposed new taxation to the extent of 1,600,000, and induced landowners to pay one year's instalment of the land tax in advance.<ref name="EB1911"/>
 A vote of the chamber compelled him to resign before his preparations for financial restoration were complete; but in 1869 he returned to the ministry of finance in a cabinet formed by himself, but of which he made over the premiership to [[Giovanni Lanza]]. By means of the grist tax (which he had proposed in 1865, but which the [[Luigi Federico Menabrea|Menabrea]] cabinet had passed in 1868), and by other fiscal expedients necessitated by the almost desperate condition of the national exchequer, he succeeded, before his fall from power in 1873, in placing Italian finance upon a sound footing, in spite of fierce attacks and persistent misrepresentation.<ref name="EB1911"/>
-In 1870 his great political influence turned the scale against interference in favour of [[France]] against [[Prussia]], and in favour of an immediate occupation of [[Rome]]. From 1873 until his premature death, he acted as leader of the Right (''Destra Storica''), and was more than once prevented by an ephemeral coalition of personal opponents from returning to power as head of a Moderate Conservative cabinet. After the failure of an attempt to form a cabinet in May 1881 he practically retired from public life, devoting himself to his studies and his linen factory.<ref name="EB1911"/>
+In 1870 his great political influence turned the scale against interference in favour of [[France]] against [[Prussia]], and in favour of an immediate occupation of [[Rome]]. From 1873 until his premature death, he acted as leader of the Right (''Destra Storica'') and was more than once prevented by an ephemeral coalition of personal opponents from returning to power as head of a Moderate Conservative cabinet. After the failure of an attempt to form a cabinet in May 1881, he practically retired from public life, devoting himself to his studies and his linen factory.<ref name="EB1911"/>
-Quintino Sella died in 1884 and was buried at [[Oropa]] where a pyramid was erected by the engineer [[Carlo Maggia]] as his monument; the implied anti-clericalism of this choice of an ‘Egyptian’ style matched Sella’s rôle in the occupation of Rome.<ref>{{cite web
+Quintino Sella died in 1884 and was buried at [[Oropa]] where a pyramid was erected by the engineer [[Carlo Maggia]] as his monument; the implied anti-clericalism of this choice of an ‘Egyptian’ style matched Sella's rôle in the occupation of Rome.<ref>{{cite web
  |url         = http://www.santuariodioropa.it/db/it/component/docman/doc_download/5-guida-al-cimitero-monumentale-en.html
  |format      = pdf
  |title       = THE OTHER OROPA: A Guide to the Monumental Cemetery of the Sanctuary
  |author      = Luisa Bocchietto, Mario Coda and Carlo Gavazzi
- |deadurl     = yes
+ |url-status     = dead
  |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120630155456/http://www.santuariodioropa.it/db/it/component/docman/doc_download/5-guida-al-cimitero-monumentale-en.html
  |archivedate = 2012-06-30
- |df          =
 }}</ref>
-A passionate [[Alpinist]], he had found time during his political career to found the [[Club Alpino Italiano]] and a number of its [[mountain hut]]s are named in his honour. He was also involved in the competition for the [[first ascent of the Matterhorn]] and he was portrayed in several related films such as ''[[The Mountain Calls]]'' and ''[[The Challenge (1938 film)|The Challenge]]''.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}
+A passionate [[alpinist]], he had found time during his political career to found the [[Club Alpino Italiano]] and a number of its [[mountain hut]]s are named in his honour. He was also involved in the competition for the [[first ascent of the Matterhorn]] and he was portrayed in several related films such as ''[[The Mountain Calls]]'' and ''[[The Challenge (1938 film)|The Challenge]]''.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}
-His ''Discorsi parlamentari'' were published (5 vols., 1887–1890) by order of the Chamber of Deputies. An account of his life and his scientific labours was given by A Cossa in the ''Proceedings of the [[Accademia dei Lincei]]'' (1884–1885).<ref name="EB1911"/>
+His ''Discorsi parlamentari'' was published (5 vols., 1887–1890) by order of the Chamber of Deputies. An account of his life and his scientific labours was given by A Cossa in the ''Proceedings of the [[Accademia dei Lincei]]'' (1884–1885).<ref name="EB1911"/>
+The mineral [[sellaite]] was named in his honour in 1869.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Strüver |first1=J. |title=Sulla sellaite, nuovo minerale di fluorio |journal=Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino |date=1869 |volume=4 |pages=35–38}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Sellaite |url=https://www.mindat.org/min-3614.html |website=Mindat.org |access-date=10 November 2021}}</ref>
 ==Gallery==
 <gallery>
-File:Quintino Sella2.jpg|Quintino Sella in early 1860s.
+File:Quintino Sella2.jpg|Quintino Sella in the early 1860s.
 File:Quintino Sella 01.jpg|Quintino Sella in an official portrait.
 File:Facciata del rifugio Quintino Sella al Monviso.jpg|A [[Monte Viso]]'s [[mountain hut]] was named in honour to him.
 </gallery>
+==See also==
+*[[Quintino Sella Hut (Mont Blanc)]]
+*[[Refuge Quintino Sella au Félik]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 67: / Line 74: @@
 ==External links==
+{{commons category}}
-{{commonscat}}
 * {{Cite NIE|wstitle=Sella, Quintino|short=x}}
@@ Line 75: / Line 82: @@
 [[Category:1827 births]]
 [[Category:1884 deaths]]
-[[Category:People from the Province of Biella]]
+[[Category:People from Mosso]]
 [[Category:Historical Right politicians]]
 [[Category:Finance ministers of Italy]]
@@ Line 87: / Line 94: @@
 [[Category:Deputies of Legislature XIV of the Kingdom of Italy]]
 [[Category:Deputies of Legislature XV of the Kingdom of Italy]]
-[[Category:Italian mathematicians]]
+[[Category:Politicians of Piedmont]]
 [[Category:19th-century Italian mathematicians]]
+[[Category:Mountain climbers from the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
 [[Category:Italian mountain climbers]]
+[[Category:University of Turin alumni]]
+[[Category:Burials in Oropa]]
+[[Category:Club Alpino Italiano]]
+[[Category:Mines Paris - PSL alumni]]

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