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Coordinates: 21°27′29″N 39°51′41″E / 21.45806°N 39.86139°E / 21.45806; 39.86139
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The meaning of Arabic phrase sallallahu alayhi wa sallam (abbreviation SAW) is “May Allah honor him and grant him peace” or “peace and blessings of Allah be upon him”. This term must be used specifically when saying Prophet Muhammad's name.
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{{short description|Holy mountain and peak in Saudi Arabia}}
{{short description|Holy mountain and peak in Saudi Arabia}}
{{Infobox mountain
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Jabal an-Nour
| name = Jabal al-Nour
| native_name ={{native name|ar|جَبَل ٱلنُّوْر}}
| native_name ={{native name|ar|جَبَل ٱلنُّوْر}}
| photo = Jabbal An-Nour - Makkah (2241558560).jpg
| photo = Jabbal An-Nour - Makkah (2241558560).jpg
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}}
}}


'''Jabal an-Nour''' ({{lang-ar|جَبَل ٱلنُّوْر|Jabal an-Nūr|lit=Mountain of the Light}} or 'Hill of the Illumination') is a [[mountain]] near [[Mecca]] in the [[Hejaz]] region of [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name="Mecca2015">{{cite web |title=Jabal al-Nour (The Mountain Of Light) and Ghar Hira (Cave of Hira) |url=http://mecca.net/muslim-videos/jabal-al-nour-the-mountain-of-light-and-cave-of-hira/#/video/first-revelation-cave-of-hira |work=16 September 2015}}</ref> The mountain houses the [[Cave#Talus cave|grotto or cave]] of Hira' ({{lang-ar|غَار حِرَاء|Ghar-i-Hira|lit=Cave of Hira}}), which holds tremendous significance for [[Muslim]]s throughout the world, as the [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad (SAW)in Islam|Muhammad (SAW)]] is said to have spent time in this cave meditating, and it was here that he received his [[Muhammad's first revelation|first revelation]], which consisted of the first five [[Ayah|ayats]] of [[Al-Alaq|Surah Al-Alaq]] from the angel [[Gabriel in Islam|Jibra'il]] (as is pronounced in certain [[Qira'at|Quran recitation schools]] and some Arab tribes; also known as [[Gabriel]]).<ref name="icoh">{{cite web |publisher=Witness-Pioneer |title=In the Cave of Hira' |url=http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch1s7.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2018-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215232900/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch1s7.html |archive-date=2008-02-15 }}</ref> It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Makkah. The mountain itself is barely {{convert|640|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall; nonetheless one to two hours are needed to make the strenuous hike to the cave. There are 1750 steps to the top which, even for a fit individual, can take anywhere between half an hour and one-and-a-half hours.
'''Jabal al-Nour''' ({{lang-ar|جَبَل ٱلنُّوْر|Jabal an-Nūr|lit=Mountain of the Light}} or 'Hill of the Illumination') is a [[mountain]] near [[Mecca]] in the [[Hejaz]] region of [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name="Mecca2015">{{cite web |title=Jabal al-Nour (The Mountain Of Light) and Ghar Hira (Cave of Hira) |url=http://mecca.net/muslim-videos/jabal-al-nour-the-mountain-of-light-and-cave-of-hira/#/video/first-revelation-cave-of-hira |work=16 September 2015}}</ref> The mountain houses the [[Cave#Talus cave|grotto or cave]] of Hira ({{lang-ar|غَار حِرَاء|Ghar-i-Hira|lit=Cave of Hira}}), which holds tremendous significance for [[Muslim]]s throughout the world, as it is here where the [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]] is said to have received his [[Muhammad's first revelation|first revelation]] of the [[Quran]], which consisted of the first five [[Ayah|ayat]] of [[Al-Alaq|Surah Al-Alaq]] from the angel [[Gabriel in Islam|Jibra'il]] (as is pronounced in certain [[Qira'at|Quran recitation schools]] and some [[Arabs|Arab]] tribes; also known as [[Gabriel]]).<ref name="icoh">{{cite web |publisher=Witness-Pioneer |title=In the Cave of Hira' |url=http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch1s7.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2018-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215232900/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch1s7.html |archive-date=2008-02-15 }}</ref> It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Makkah. The mountain itself is barely {{convert|640|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall; nonetheless one to two hours are needed to make the strenuous hike to the cave. There are 1750 steps to the top which, even for a fit individual, can take anywhere between half an hour and one-and-a-half hours.


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
This is where Muhammad is said to have had his [[Muhammad's first revelation|first revelation]] and received the fifth verses of the [[Quran]], the mountain was given the title ''Jabal an-Nūr'' ("Mountain of the Light" or "Mountain of the [[Enlightenment (spiritual)|Enlightenment]]"). This experience is sometimes identified with the beginning of revelation; hence the present name.<ref name=Weir>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Weir |first1=T.H. |last2=Watt |first2=W. Montgomery |title=Ḥirāʾ |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |date=24 April 2012 |edition=2nd |editor-first1=P. |editor-last1=Bearman |editor-first2=Th. |editor-last2=Bianquis |editor-first3=C.E. |editor-last3=Bosworth |editor-first4=E. |editor-last4=van Donzel |editor-first5=W.P. |editor-last5=Heinrichs |publisher=Brill Online |access-date=7 October 2013 |url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/hira-SIM_2890}}</ref> The date of the first revelation is said to be during the night on August 10, 610 [[Anno Domini|A.D.]] Or, Monday the 21st of [[Ramadan]], making Muhammad 40 lunar years, 6 months and 12 days of age, i.e. 39 solar years, 3 months and 22 days.<ref name=Mubarakpuri1998>{{cite book |last=Mubārakpūrī |first=Ṣafī R. |title=When the Moon Split (A Biography of the Prophet Muhammad) |publisher=Darussalam |place=Riyadh |date=1998 |url=https://archive.org/details/when-the-moon-split-a-biography-of-proph |pages=32}}</ref>
This is where Muhammad is said to have had his [[Muhammad's first revelation|first revelation]] and received five verses of the [[Quran]], the mountain was given the title ''Jabal an-Nūr'' ("Mountain of the Light" or "Mountain of the Enlightenment"). This experience is sometimes identified with the beginning of revelation; hence the present name.<ref name=Weir>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Weir |first1=T.H. |last2=Watt |first2=W. Montgomery |title=Ḥirāʾ |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |date=24 April 2012 |edition=2nd |editor-first1=P. |editor-last1=Bearman |editor-first2=Th. |editor-last2=Bianquis |editor-first3=C.E. |editor-last3=Bosworth |editor-first4=E. |editor-last4=van Donzel |editor-first5=W.P. |editor-last5=Heinrichs |publisher=Brill Online |access-date=7 October 2013 |url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/hira-SIM_2890}}</ref> The date of the first revelation is said to have occurred on [[Laylat al-Qadr]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surah Al-Qadr - 1-5 |url=https://quran.com/al-qadr |access-date=2024-03-05 |website=Quran.com |language=en}}</ref> one of the last 10 nights of [[Ramadan (calendar month)|Ramadan]], suggested to have been around August of 610 [[Anno Domini|A.D.]]


==Appearance==
==Appearance==
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==Cave of Hira==
==Cave of Hira==
[[Image:Cave Hira.jpg|thumb|The entrance to the Cave of Hira in the mountain]]
[[File:Hira Cave.jpg|thumb|The entrance to the Cave of Hira in the mountain]]
⚫
The Cave of Hira was of minor significance before Islam, its name comes from ''hira'' (jewels). Taking 1750 walking steps to reach, it is about {{convert|12|ft|abbr=on|order=flip}} in length and {{convert|5|ft|3|in|abbr=on|order=flip}} in width.<ref name="icoh"/> It is at a height of {{convert|270|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="tour">{{cite web |publisher=Saudi Tourism |url=http://www.sauditourism.com.sa/en/Provinces/news.aspx?NewsID=26 |url-status=dead |title=Saudi Tourism |access-date=2018-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008111737/http://www.sauditourism.com.sa/en/Provinces/news.aspx?NewsID=26 |archive-date=2011-10-08 }}</ref> During the ''[[Hajj]]'' (pilgrimage), an estimated five thousand visitors climb to it daily to see the place where Prophet Muhammad is believed to have received the first revelation of the Quran on the ''[[Laylat al-Qadr]]'' (night of power) by the angel [[Gabriel|Jibreel (Gabriel)]].<ref name="tour"/> Most Muslims do not consider visiting the cave an integral part of the Hajj. Nonetheless many visit it for reasons of personal pleasure and spirituality, and though some consider it a place of worship, this view conflicts with [[Salafist]] interpretations of Islamic ritual. While the cave plays an important role in ''[[Prophetic biography|As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah]]'' (prophetic biography), it is not considered as holy as other sites in Mecca, such as the [[Al-Haram Mosque]], and so under most interpretations of [[Islam]], the same reward is received for praying here as any other place in Mecca.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Multiplication of reward for prayer in Makkah and Madeenah - Islamweb - Fatwas|url=https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/350878/multiplication-of-reward-for-prayer-in-makkah-and-madeenah|access-date=2021-07-12|website=www.islamweb.net}}</ref>


⚫
Before Prophet Muhammad's first revelation, he had [[Transcendence (religion)|transcendental]] dreams, in which were signs that his prophethood had begun and that the stones in Mecca would greet him with the ''[[As-salamu alaykum|salaam]]''. These dreams lasted for six months.<ref name="Mubarakpuri1998">{{cite book |last=Mubārakpūrī |first=Ṣafī R. |url=https://archive.org/details/when-the-moon-split-a-biography-of-proph |title=When the Moon Split (A Biography of the Prophet Muhammad) |date=1998 |publisher=Darussalam |place=Riyadh |pages=32}}</ref>
⚫
The Cave of Hira was of minor significance before Islam, its name comes from ''hira'' (jewels). Taking 1750 walking steps to reach, it is about {{convert|12|ft|abbr=on|order=flip}} in length and {{convert|5|ft|3|in|abbr=on|order=flip}} in width.<ref name="icoh"/> It is at a height of {{convert|270|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="tour">{{cite web |publisher=Saudi Tourism |url=http://www.sauditourism.com.sa/en/Provinces/news.aspx?NewsID=26 |url-status=dead |title=Saudi Tourism |access-date=2018-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008111737/http://www.sauditourism.com.sa/en/Provinces/news.aspx?NewsID=26 |archive-date=2011-10-08 }}</ref> During the ''[[Hajj]]'' (pilgrimage), an estimated five thousand visitors climb to it daily to see the place where Muhammad is believed to have received the first revelation of the Quran on the ''[[Laylat al-Qadr]]'' (night of power) by the angel [[Gabriel|Jibreel (Gabriel)]].<ref name="tour"/> Most Muslims do not consider visiting the cave an integral part of the Hajj. Nonetheless many visit it for reasons of personal pleasure and spirituality, and though some consider it a place of worship, this view conflicts with [[Salafist]] interpretations of Islamic ritual. While the cave plays an important role in ''[[Prophetic biography|As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah]]'' (prophetic biography), it is not considered as holy as other sites in Mecca, such as the [[Al-Haram Mosque]], and so under most interpretations of [[Islam]], the same reward is received for praying here as any other place in Mecca.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Multiplication of reward for prayer in Makkah and Madeenah - Islamweb - Fatwas|url=https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/350878/multiplication-of-reward-for-prayer-in-makkah-and-madeenah|access-date=2021-07-12|website=www.islamweb.net}}</ref>


⚫
An increasing need for solitude led Prophet Muhammad to seek seclusion and meditation ([[Muraqabah]]) in the rocky hills which surrounded Mecca.<ref>{{cite book |last=Peterson |first=Daniel C. |title=Muhammad, prophet of Allah |place=Grand Rapids, Mich. |date=2013}}</ref> He retreated to the cave for one month each year, engaging in seclusion ([[Taḥannuth|Tahannuth]]).{{efn|It has a number of meanings,<ref name="EOI2017Taḥannuth">{{citation |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Islam]] |title=Taḥannut̲h̲ |publisher=Brill |edition=2 |url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/tahannuth-SIM_7304?s.num=114&s.start=100 |year=2017 |access-date=2018-04-11}}</ref><ref name="Kister1968">{{citation |author=Kister, M. J. |title="Al-Taḥannuth": An Inquiry into the Meaning of a Term |website=Kister.huji.ac.il |volume=31 |number=2 |pages=223–236 |url=http://www.kister.huji.ac.il/sites/default/files/Tahannuth.pdf |year=1968 |access-date=2018-04-11}}</ref> one of which is 'self-justification', as practised by the tribe of [[Quraysh]] during the ''[[Jahiliyyah|Jāhiliyyah]]''.}}<ref name=Weir/><ref name=Tabari>{{cite book |last=al-Tabarī |first=Abū Ja'far Muhammad B. Jarīr |editor-first1=W. Montgomery |editor-last1=Watt |editor-first2=M.V. |editor-last2=McDonald |date=1988 |trans-title=The history of al-Tabarī |title=Ta'rīkh al-rusul wa'l-mulūk |volume=6 |place=Albany, N.Y. |publisher=State University of New York Press}}</ref> He took provisions and fed the poor who came to him. Before returning home to his family for more provisions, he would circumambulate the Kaaba seven times.<ref name=Tabari/>
⚫
Before Muhammad's first revelation, he had pleasant dreams. In them were signs that his prophethood had begun and that the stones in Mecca would greet him with the ''[[As-salamu alaykum|salaam]]''. These dreams lasted for six months.<ref name=Mubarakpuri1998/>

⚫
An increasing need for solitude led Mohammed to seek seclusion and meditation in the rocky hills which surrounded Mecca.<ref>{{cite book |last=Peterson |first=Daniel C. |title=Muhammad, prophet of Allah |place=Grand Rapids, Mich. |date=2013}}</ref> He retreated to the cave for one month each year, engaging in ''taḥannuth'' ({{lang|ar|تَحَنُّث}}).{{efn|It has a number of meanings,<ref name="EOI2017Taḥannuth">{{citation |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Islam]] |title=Taḥannut̲h̲ |publisher=Brill |edition=2 |url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/tahannuth-SIM_7304?s.num=114&s.start=100 |year=2017 |access-date=2018-04-11}}</ref><ref name="Kister1968">{{citation |author=Kister, M. J. |title="Al-Taḥannuth": An Inquiry into the Meaning of a Term |website=Kister.huji.ac.il |volume=31 |number=2 |pages=223–236 |url=http://www.kister.huji.ac.il/sites/default/files/Tahannuth.pdf |year=1968 |access-date=2018-04-11}}</ref> one of which is 'self-justification', as practised by the tribe of [[Quraysh]] during the ''[[Jahiliyyah|Jāhiliyyah]]''.}}<ref name=Weir/><ref name=Tabari>{{cite book |last=al-Tabarī |first=Abū Ja'far Muhammad B. Jarīr |editor-first1=W. Montgomery |editor-last1=Watt |editor-first2=M.V. |editor-last2=McDonald |date=1988 |trans-title=The history of al-Tabarī |title=Ta'rīkh al-rusul wa'l-mulūk |volume=6 |place=Albany, N.Y. |publisher=State University of New York Press}}</ref> He took provisions and fed the poor who came to him. Before returning home to his family for more provisions, he would circumambulate the Kaaba seven times.<ref name=Tabari/>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
Line 49: Line 48:
File:Jabl_e_Noor.jpg|Cave Hira
File:Jabl_e_Noor.jpg|Cave Hira
File:Jabl_e_Noor_2.jpg|Jabal e Noor
File:Jabl_e_Noor_2.jpg|Jabal e Noor
File:Great Mosque of Mecca1.jpg|A photograph of [[Mecca]] in 2019, featuring ''[[Great Mosque of Mecca|Al-Masjid Al-Haram]]'' in the foreground, and Jabal an-Nour in the background. Note that [[Abu Qubays (mountain)|Jabal Abu Qubays]] is to east of the mosque, in the right hand side of the photograph.
File:Great Mosque of Mecca1.jpg|A photograph of [[Mecca]] in 2019, featuring ''[[Great Mosque of Mecca|Al-Masjid Al-Haram]]'' in the foreground, and Jabal an-Nour in the background. [[Abu Qubays (mountain)|Jabal Abu Qubays]] is to east of the mosque, in the right hand side of the photograph.
</gallery>
</gallery>


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==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.3dmekanlar.com/en/mount-hira.html 3D Tour of Hira Cave]
* [http://www.3dmekanlar.com/en/mount-hira.html 3D Tour of Hira Cave]
* [http://www.spinattic.com/tour.php?id=3213 360° Virtual Tour of Hira Cave]
* [http://www.spinattic.com/tour.php?id=3213 360° Virtual Tour of Hira Cave]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/4578168.stm#Pictures In pictures: Hajj preparations] (Pictures #4 and #5 are of Jabal an-Nūr and the Hira cave)
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/4578168.stm#Pictures In pictures: Hajj preparations] (Pictures #4 and #5 are of Jabal an-Nūr and the Hira cave)


{{Mountains in the Arabian Peninsula}}{{Holiest sites in Shia Islam}}
{{Mountains in the Arabian Peninsula}}
{{Holiest sites in Shia Islam}}


[[Category:Mountains of Saudi Arabia|Nour, Jabal]]
[[Category:Mountains of Saudi Arabia|Nour, Jabal]]
[[Category:Gabriel]]
[[Category:Gabriel]]
[[Category:Islamic holy places]]
[[Category:Islamic holy places]]
[[Category:Sacred mountains of West Asia]]

Latest revision as of 00:58, 25 August 2024

Jabal al-Nour
Jabal al-Nour in the vicinity of Mecca
Highest point
Elevation642 m (2,106 ft)
Coordinates21°27′29″N 39°51′41″E / 21.45806°N 39.86139°E / 21.45806; 39.86139
Naming
Native nameجَبَل ٱلنُّوْر (Arabic)
Geography
Map of Saudi Arabia Showing the location of Jabal al-Nour
Map of Saudi Arabia Showing the location of Jabal al-Nour
Jabal al-Nour
Location of Jabal al-Nour in Saudi Arabia
LocationMakkah Province, Hejaz, Saudi Arabia
Parent rangeHijaz Mountains

Jabal al-Nour (Arabic: جَبَل ٱلنُّوْر, romanized: Jabal an-Nūr, lit. 'Mountain of the Light' or 'Hill of the Illumination') is a mountain near Mecca in the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia.[1] The mountain houses the grotto or cave of Hira (Arabic: غَار حِرَاء, romanized: Ghar-i-Hira, lit. 'Cave of Hira'), which holds tremendous significance for Muslims throughout the world, as it is here where the Islamic prophet Muhammad is said to have received his first revelation of the Quran, which consisted of the first five ayat of Surah Al-Alaq from the angel Jibra'il (as is pronounced in certain Quran recitation schools and some Arab tribes; also known as Gabriel).[2] It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Makkah. The mountain itself is barely 640 m (2,100 ft) tall; nonetheless one to two hours are needed to make the strenuous hike to the cave. There are 1750 steps to the top which, even for a fit individual, can take anywhere between half an hour and one-and-a-half hours.

Etymology

[edit]

This is where Muhammad is said to have had his first revelation and received five verses of the Quran, the mountain was given the title Jabal an-Nūr ("Mountain of the Light" or "Mountain of the Enlightenment"). This experience is sometimes identified with the beginning of revelation; hence the present name.[3] The date of the first revelation is said to have occurred on Laylat al-Qadr,[4] one of the last 10 nights of Ramadan, suggested to have been around August of 610 A.D.

Appearance

[edit]

One physical feature that differentiates Jabal al-Nour from other mountains and hills is its unusual summit, which makes it look as if two mountains are on top of each other. The top of this mountain in the mountainous desert is one of the loneliest of places. However, the cave within, which faces the direction of the Kaaba, is even more isolated. While standing in the courtyard back then, people could only look over the surrounding rocks. Nowadays, people can see the surrounding rocks as well as buildings that are hundreds of meters below and hundreds of meters to many kilometers away. Hira is both without water or vegetation other than a few thorns. Hira is higher than Thabīr (ثَبِيْر),[a] and is crowned by a steep and slippery peak, which Muhammad with some companions once climbed.[7]

Geology

[edit]

The mountain is composed of intrusive igneous rocks, predominantly Precambrian aged coarse grained hornblende tonalite, with subordinate granodiorite.[8]

Cave of Hira

[edit]
The entrance to the Cave of Hira in the mountain

The Cave of Hira was of minor significance before Islam, its name comes from hira (jewels). Taking 1750 walking steps to reach, it is about 3.7 m (12 ft) in length and 1.60 m (5 ft 3 in) in width.[2] It is at a height of 270 m (890 ft).[9] During the Hajj (pilgrimage), an estimated five thousand visitors climb to it daily to see the place where Prophet Muhammad is believed to have received the first revelation of the Quran on the Laylat al-Qadr (night of power) by the angel Jibreel (Gabriel).[9] Most Muslims do not consider visiting the cave an integral part of the Hajj. Nonetheless many visit it for reasons of personal pleasure and spirituality, and though some consider it a place of worship, this view conflicts with Salafist interpretations of Islamic ritual. While the cave plays an important role in As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah (prophetic biography), it is not considered as holy as other sites in Mecca, such as the Al-Haram Mosque, and so under most interpretations of Islam, the same reward is received for praying here as any other place in Mecca.[10]

Before Prophet Muhammad's first revelation, he had transcendental dreams, in which were signs that his prophethood had begun and that the stones in Mecca would greet him with the salaam. These dreams lasted for six months.[11]

An increasing need for solitude led Prophet Muhammad to seek seclusion and meditation (Muraqabah) in the rocky hills which surrounded Mecca.[12] He retreated to the cave for one month each year, engaging in seclusion (Tahannuth).[b][3][15] He took provisions and fed the poor who came to him. Before returning home to his family for more provisions, he would circumambulate the Kaaba seven times.[15]

[edit]
  • View of Jabal al-Nour
    View of Jabal al-Nour
  • People entering the Cave of Hira
    People entering the Cave of Hira
  • Overview of Jabal an-Nour
    Overview of Jabal an-Nour
  • Cave Hira
    Cave Hira
  • Jabal e Noor
    Jabal e Noor
  • A photograph of Mecca in 2019, featuring Al-Masjid Al-Haram in the foreground, and Jabal an-Nour in the background. Jabal Abu Qubays is to east of the mosque, in the right hand side of the photograph.
    A photograph of Mecca in 2019, featuring Al-Masjid Al-Haram in the foreground, and Jabal an-Nour in the background. Jabal Abu Qubays is to east of the mosque, in the right hand side of the photograph.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Jabal al-Nour (The Mountain Of Light) and Ghar Hira (Cave of Hira)". 16 September 2015.
  2. ^ a b "In the Cave of Hira'". Witness-Pioneer. Archived from the original on 2008-02-15. Retrieved 2018-04-11.
  3. ^ a b Weir, T.H.; Watt, W. Montgomery (24 April 2012). "Ḥirāʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). Brill Online. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  4. ^ "Surah Al-Qadr - 1-5". Quran.com. Retrieved 2024-03-05.
  5. ^ "T̲h̲abīr", Encyclopedia of Islam (2 ed.), Brill, 2017, retrieved 2018-04-11
  6. ^ Schadler, Peter (2017). "4". John of Damascus and Islam: Christian Heresiology and the Intellectual Background to Earliest Christian-Muslim Relations. Brill. p. 158. ISBN 978-9004356054.
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