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{{Infobox Wine Region
{{Infobox Wine Region
| name = Tavel
| name = Tavel
| image= Vin "Le mas Duclaux" (TAVEL,FR30).jpg
| type = [[Appellation d'origine contrôlée|AOC]]
| type = [[Appellation d'origine contrôlée|AOC]]
| year = 1936.
| year = 1936
| country = [[France]]
| country = [[France]]
| part of = [[Rhône wine]], [[Côtes du Rhône]]
| part of = [[Rhône wine]], [[Côtes du Rhône]]
| climate region = mediterranean
| climate region = mediterranean
| precipitation =
| precipitation =
| soil = [[chalky gravel]], [[fluvial sand]], [[sandstone]], [[red clay]], [[quartzite shingle]]
| soil = [[chalky gravel]], [[fluvial sand]], [[sandstone]], [[red clay]], [[quartzite shingle]]
| total size = 933 ha (approx.)
| total size = {{convert|933|ha|acre}} (approx.)
| planted = 933 ha (approx.)
| planted = {{convert|933|ha|acre}} (approx.)
| grapes = [[Grenache]], [[Cinsault]], [[Clairette white]], [[Clairette rosé]], [[Morvèdre]], [[Picpoul]], [[Calitor]], [[Bourboulenc]], [[Mourvèdre]], [[Syrah]],[[Carignan]]
| grapes = [[Grenache]], [[Cinsault]], [[Bourboulenc]], [[Trebbiano|Clairette rose]], [[Clairette blanche]], [[Mourvèdre]], [[Picpoul]], [[Syrah]], [[Carignan]], [[Calitor]]
| wine produced = Tavel AOC
| wine produced = Tavel AOC
}}
⚫
}}'''Tavel''' is a [[wine]]-growing ''[[Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée]]'' in the southern [[Rhône (wine region)|Rhône wine region]] of [[France]], across the [[Rhône River]] from [[Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC]] and just north of [[Avignon]]. Tavel wines are all [[rosé]] wines and must have a minimum alcohol content of 11%. The 933 hecatres produce an average yield of 42 hectolitres per hectare<ref>Syndicate return 2004.</ref> The vineyards are located in the commune of [[Tavel, Gard|Tavel]] only.<ref>[http://www.vins-rhone.com/pages/page.asp?lng=en&rub=254e vins-rhone.com]</ref>
[[File:Paysage à Tavel.JPG|thumb|Tavel vineyard with bushvines]]
⚫
'''Tavel''' ({{IPA|fr|tavɛl}}) is a [[wine]]-growing ''[[Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée]]'' in the southern [[Rhône (wine region)|Rhône wine region]] of [[France]], across the [[Rhône River]] from [[Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC]] and just north of [[Avignon]]. Tavel wines are all rosé wines and must have a minimum alcohol content of 11%. The 933 hectares produce an average yield of 42 hectolitres per hectare<ref>Syndicate return 2004.</ref> The vineyards are located in the commune of [[Tavel, Gard|Tavel]] only.<ref>[http://www.vins-rhone.com/pages/page.asp?lng=en&rub=254e vins-rhone.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081118014510/http://www.vins-rhone.com/pages/page.asp?lng=en&rub=254e |date=2008-11-18 }}</ref>


Tavel is reputed to have been a favourite wine of kings [[Philippe le Bel]] and [[Louis XIV]], the Popes of Avignon,<ref>Inter-Rhône</ref> and the 19th century novelist, [[Honoré de Balzac]], and is one of the few rosé wines that can benefit from [[Aging of wine|aging]].<ref> Robert Joseph, ''French Wine''. London: Dorling Kindersley, 2005, p. 261.</ref>
Tavel is reputed to have been a favourite wine of kings [[Philippe le Bel]] and [[Louis XIV]], the Popes of Avignon,<ref>Inter-Rhône</ref> the 19th century novelist, [[Honoré de Balzac]], the 20th-century writer, [[Ernest Hemingway]], and is one of the few rosé wines that can benefit from [[Aging of wine|aging]].<ref>Robert Joseph, ''French Wine''. London: Dorling Kindersley, 2005, p. 261.</ref>


==History==
==History==
The wine of Tavel is historically famous. Philip the Fair is supposed to have travelled through Tavel on one of his tours of the kingdom. He was offered a glass which he emptied without getting off his horse after which he proclaimed Tavel the only good wine in the world. The Sun King, [[Louix XIV]] cared for Tavel which kept its reputation as something special until the havoc wreaked by [[phylloxera]]. Tavel was amongst the first real brands in the world of wine with its producers going to great lengths to protect its name. Phylloxera arrived ca. 1870 and everything had to start over. As early as 1902 one of the first French agricultural laws was passed aiming to protect a product and the name of Tavel was protected at various trials. In 1936, when the system was introduced, Tavel achieved AOC status practically by default. However, not until 1965 were the hillsides cleared of forest and prepared for growing vines. Until then the producers had settled for the sandy flat lands, closer to town and easier to cultivate but also yielding a lower quality of wine.<ref>Niels Lillelund: ''Rhône-Vinene'' JP Bøger - JP/Politikens Forlagshus A/S, 2004. ISBN 87-567-7140-1, p. 171-172</ref>
The wine of Tavel is historically famous. Philip IV is supposed to have travelled through Tavel on one of his tours of the kingdom. He was reportedly offered a glass, which he emptied without getting off his horse and afterwards proclaimed Tavel the only good wine in the world. The Sun King, [[Louis XIV]], is also supposed to have been fond of the wine, which helped maintain its reputation until the vineyards were affected by the [[phylloxera epidemic]]. Tavel achieved AOC status in 1936 when the system was introduced. At that point the grapes were mostly grown on the sandy flat lands closer to town, where vines were easier to cultivate but produced a lower quality of wine. In 1965 the hillsides were cleared of forest and prepared for growing vines.<ref name=Lillelund>Niels Lillelund: ''Rhône-Vinene'' JP Bøger – JP/Politikens Forlagshus A/S, 2004. {{ISBN|87-567-7140-1}}</ref>{{rp|171–172}}


==Climate and geography==
==Climate and geography==
In Tavel there are three types of soil, one west of town is dominated by limestone and slate. Here, low-yielding vines grow giving deep and aromatic wines. Another type is the flat sandy rocky fields, easy to cultivate and good for ripening. The third is dominated by rolling stones and is located east of the town in direction of Châteauneuf-du-Pape. This area is also most like Châteauneuf-du-Pape in style.<ref>Niels Lillelund: ''Rhône-Vinene'' JP Bøger - JP/Politikens Forlagshus A/S, 2004. ISBN 87-567-7140-1, p. 172</ref>.
In Tavel there are three types of soil. One west of the village is dominated by limestone and slate. Here, low-yielding vines grow giving deep and aromatic wines. Another type is the flat sandy rocky fields, easy to cultivate and good for ripening. The third is dominated by ''[[galets roulés]]'', the smooth round stones also found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape and is located east of the town in the direction of Châteauneuf-du-Pape.<ref name=Lillelund/>{{rp|172}}


==Grapes and wine==
==Grapes and wine==
Grenache and Cinsault are the leading grapes in the appellation with Grenache an unrivalled first. Syrah and Mouvedre were not allowed until 1969. Unlike most rosés', Tavel can be cellared but is best while young. However it does stand out in the world of rosés because of its body and structure and is often a dry spicy wine and more serious than most other roses.<ref>Niels Lillelund: ''Rhône-Vinene'' JP Bøger - JP/Politikens Forlagshus A/S, 2004. ISBN 87-567-7140-1, p. 172</ref>
[[Grenache]] and [[Cinsault]] are the main grapes used in the appellation's wines, along with [[Syrah]] and [[Mourvedre]], although the latter two were not permitted until 1969. Tavel wines are dry and tend to have more body and structure than most rosés. They can be cellared, but are usually drunk young.<ref name=Lillelund/>{{rp|172}}


===Winemaking===
===Winemaking===
Basically there are two ways to make rosé. Either by blending red and white wine or by letting the must ferment with the skins for a short period (10-36 hours) extracting some color. Then the must is "bled" - a process seperating the skins from the must. Uniquly for Tavel, some of the must is kept with the skins longer and then blended into the lighter must. This is the reason why Tavel is almost always more powerful, more tannic and darker than other rosés. The potential alcohol is very high and the appellation has set an upper limit of 13.5%.<ref>Niels Lillelund: ''Rhône-Vinene'' JP Bøger - JP/Politikens Forlagshus A/S, 2004. ISBN 87-567-7140-1, p. 172</ref>
Rosé wine cannot legally be made in France by blending red and white wines together. However, rosé wine can blend red and white grapes (before fermentation), [[pressed (wine)|pressed]] to remove the juice from the skins after a short period of maceration (10–36 hours) in order to extract some colour. In Tavel, some of the must is kept with the skins longer and then blended into the lighter must, which is what makes the wine more powerful, more tannic and darker than other rosés. The potential alcohol is high, with an upper limit of 14.5% for the appellation.<ref name=Lillelund/>{{rp|172}}

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==References==
{{reflist}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{Commons category|Tavel (AOC)}}
*[[French wine]]
⚫
*[[List of Vins de Primeur]]


⚫
==References==
{{wines}}
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Rhône wine AOCs]]


==See also==
⚫
* [[List of Vins de Primeur]]


{{coord|44|00|43|N|4|42|02|E|region:FR-K_type:city(1529)|display=title}}
{{coord|44|00|43|N|4|42|02|E|region:FR-K_type:city(1529)|display=title}}

==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}

{{Wines}}
{{Wine by country}}


[[Category:Rhône wine AOCs]]
[[Category:Rhône wine AOCs]]
[[Category:1930s establishments in France]]

{{wine-region-stub}}

[[fr:Tavel (AOC)]]

Latest revision as of 03:23, 26 August 2024

Tavel
Wine region
TypeAOC
Year established1936
CountryFrance
Part ofRhône wine, Côtes du Rhône
Climate regionmediterranean
Soil conditionschalky gravel, fluvial sand, sandstone, red clay, quartzite shingle
Total area933 hectares (2,310 acres) (approx.)
Size of planted vineyards933 hectares (2,310 acres) (approx.)
Grapes producedGrenache, Cinsault, Bourboulenc, Clairette rose, Clairette blanche, Mourvèdre, Picpoul, Syrah, Carignan, Calitor
Wine producedTavel AOC
Tavel vineyard with bushvines

Tavel (French pronunciation: [tavɛl]) is a wine-growing Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée in the southern Rhône wine region of France, across the Rhône River from Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC and just north of Avignon. Tavel wines are all rosé wines and must have a minimum alcohol content of 11%. The 933 hectares produce an average yield of 42 hectolitres per hectare[1] The vineyards are located in the commune of Tavel only.[2]

Tavel is reputed to have been a favourite wine of kings Philippe le Bel and Louis XIV, the Popes of Avignon,[3] the 19th century novelist, Honoré de Balzac, the 20th-century writer, Ernest Hemingway, and is one of the few rosé wines that can benefit from aging.[4]

History

[edit]

The wine of Tavel is historically famous. Philip IV is supposed to have travelled through Tavel on one of his tours of the kingdom. He was reportedly offered a glass, which he emptied without getting off his horse and afterwards proclaimed Tavel the only good wine in the world. The Sun King, Louis XIV, is also supposed to have been fond of the wine, which helped maintain its reputation until the vineyards were affected by the phylloxera epidemic. Tavel achieved AOC status in 1936 when the system was introduced. At that point the grapes were mostly grown on the sandy flat lands closer to town, where vines were easier to cultivate but produced a lower quality of wine. In 1965 the hillsides were cleared of forest and prepared for growing vines.[5]: 171–172 

Climate and geography

[edit]

In Tavel there are three types of soil. One west of the village is dominated by limestone and slate. Here, low-yielding vines grow giving deep and aromatic wines. Another type is the flat sandy rocky fields, easy to cultivate and good for ripening. The third is dominated by galets roulés, the smooth round stones also found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape and is located east of the town in the direction of Châteauneuf-du-Pape.[5]: 172 

Grapes and wine

[edit]

Grenache and Cinsault are the main grapes used in the appellation's wines, along with Syrah and Mourvedre, although the latter two were not permitted until 1969. Tavel wines are dry and tend to have more body and structure than most rosés. They can be cellared, but are usually drunk young.[5]: 172 

Winemaking

[edit]

Rosé wine cannot legally be made in France by blending red and white wines together. However, rosé wine can blend red and white grapes (before fermentation), pressed to remove the juice from the skins after a short period of maceration (10–36 hours) in order to extract some colour. In Tavel, some of the must is kept with the skins longer and then blended into the lighter must, which is what makes the wine more powerful, more tannic and darker than other rosés. The potential alcohol is high, with an upper limit of 14.5% for the appellation.[5]: 172 

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tavel (AOC).

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Syndicate return 2004.
  2. ^ vins-rhone.com Archived 2008-11-18 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Inter-Rhône
  4. ^ Robert Joseph, French Wine. London: Dorling Kindersley, 2005, p. 261.
  5. ^ a b c d Niels Lillelund: Rhône-Vinene JP Bøger – JP/Politikens Forlagshus A/S, 2004. ISBN 87-567-7140-1

44°00′43″N 4°42′02″E / 44.01194°N 4.70056°E / 44.01194; 4.70056

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