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{{Use British English|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = Astra 1E
| name = Astra 1E
| image =
| names_list =
| image_caption =
| image =
| image_caption =
| image_size = 300px
| mission_type = [[Communications satellite|Communications]]
| operator = [[SES (company)|SES]]
| COSPAR_ID = 1995-055A
| SATCAT = 23686
| website = https://www.ses.com/
| mission_duration = 15 years (planned)<br/>19 years, 8 months (achieved)
| spacecraft =
| spacecraft_type = [[Boeing 601]]
| spacecraft_bus = [[Boeing 601|HS-601]]
| manufacturer = [[Boeing Satellite Systems|Hughes Space and Communications]]
| launch_mass = {{cvt|3014|kg}}
| dry_mass =
| dimensions =
| power = 4.7 [[Watt|kW]]
| launch_date = 19 October 1995, 00:38:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]
| launch_rocket = [[Ariane 4|Ariane 42L H10-3]] (V79)
| launch_site = [[Guiana Space Centre|Centre Spatial Guyanais]], [[ELA-2]]
| launch_contractor = [[Arianespace]]
| entered_service = December 1995
| disposal_type = [[Graveyard orbit]]
| deactivated = June 2015
| last_contact =
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]<ref name="n2yo">{{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=23686|title=ASTRA 1E|publisher=N2YO.com|access-date=7 April 2021}}</ref>
| orbit_regime = [[Geostationary orbit]]
| orbit_longitude = 19.2° East (1995-2007)<br/>23.5° East (2007-2010)<br/>5.2° East (2010-2012)<br/>108.2° East (2012-2014)<br/>31.5° East (2014-2015)<br/>23° East (2015)
| apsis = gee
| trans_band = 18 [[Ku band|Ku-band]]
| trans_frequency =
| trans_bandwidth = FSS: 26 [[Hertz|Mhz]]<br/>BSS: 33 MHz
| trans_capacity =
| trans_coverage = Europe
| programme = [[Astra (satellite)|Astra constellation]]
| previous_mission = [[Astra 1D]]
| next_mission = [[Astra 1F]]
}}


'''Astra 1E''' is one of the [[Astra (satellites)|Astra]] [[communications satellite]]s in [[geostationary orbit]] owned and operated by [[SES (company)|SES]]. It was launched in October 1995 to the [[Astra 19.2°E]] orbital slot initially to provide digital television and radio for [[Satellite television|direct-to-home]] (DTH) across Europe.
| mission_type =
| operator =
| website =
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT = 23686
| mission_duration = 14 years


Astra 1E was the first Astra satellite to be dedicated to [[digital television]] broadcasting and it carried many of the first digital television channels from networks broadcasting to France, Germany, and other European countries in the 1990s.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}
| spacecraft_bus = [[HS-601]]
| manufacturer = [[Boeing Satellite Systems]]
| dry_mass =
| launch_mass = {{convert|3014|kg}}
| power = 4,150&nbsp;watts


The satellite originally provided two broadcast beams, of horizontal and vertical [[Polarization (waves)|polarisation]], for [[Fixed Service Satellite]] (FSS) (10.70-10.95 [[Hertz|GHz]]) and for [[Broadcast Satellite Service]] (BSS) (11.70-12.10&nbsp;GHz) frequency bands. The FSS beams provide [[Footprint (satellite)|footprints]] that cover essentially the same area of Europe – northern, central and eastern Europe, including Spain and northern Italy – while the BSS horizontal beam excludes Spain and extends further east, and the BSS vertical beam includes Spain and more of southern Italy but does not extend so far east.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ses-astra.com/business/en/satellite-fleet/satellite-list/astra1e/index.php|title=Astra 1E|publisher=SES ASTRA|access-date=September 19, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923224920/http://www.ses-astra.com/business/en/satellite-fleet/satellite-list/astra1e/index.php|archive-date=23 September 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Within the footprints, television signals are usually received with a 60–80&nbsp;cm dish.
| launch_date = {{start-date|October 19, 1995}}
| launch_rocket = [[Ariane (rocket)|Ariane 42L]] V79
| launch_site = [[Guiana Space Centre|Kourou]] [[ELA-2]]
| launch_contractor = [[Arianespace]]
| entered_service =


== History==
| disposal_type =
In October 2007, following the successful deployment of [[Astra 1L]] at 19.2° East, Astra 1E was moved to Astra's new DTH orbital position, [[Astra 23.5°E|23.5° East]]<ref name=ses20071023>{{cite press release |publisher=SES ASTRA|date=October 23, 2007|url=http://www.ses.com/4233325/news/2007/4434632|title=23.5° East is a new orbital slot for Direct to Home and ASTRA2Connect / ASTRA 1E replaces ASTRA 1D|access-date=January 26, 2012}}</ref> where it provided capacity for the transmission of new services including the [[SES Broadband|ASTRA2Connect]] two-way [[Satellite Internet access|satellite broadband]] [[Internet]] service which provides high speed internet access and [[Voice over IP]] (VoIP) without landline connection at up to 2&nbsp;[[Mbit/s]] download speeds and 128&nbsp;kbit/s upload <ref>SES ASTRA "ASTRA2Connect Broadband and VoIP" (August 2008) SES Fact Sheet</ref> using four [[Ku band|Ku-band]] [[Transponder (satellite communications)|transponders]] for both forward and return paths from the user's remote terminal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html|title=Astra 1E at 23.5° E|publisher=LyngSat|access-date=September 19, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912053228/http://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html|archive-date=12 September 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
| deactivated = <!-- {{end-date|[insert date here]}} -->


In May 2010, [[Astra 3B]] was launched to the 23.5° East position, coming into service in June 2010, at which time the services using Astra 1E were transferred to the new craft. In August 2010, Astra 1E left the 23.5° East position moving westwards, to the [[Astra 5°E]] position to provide backup for [[Astra 4A]] pending the launch of [[SES-5|Astra 4B]] to that position in 2011. At 5° East, Astra 1E carried very little television traffic.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html|title=Astra 1E at 4.6° E|publisher=LyngSat|access-date=October 4, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825161012/http://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html|archive-date=25 August 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the launch of Astra 4B (renamed to [[SES-5]]) in February 2012,<ref>{{cite press release|publisher=SES ASTRA|date=April 18, 2012|url=https://www.ses.com/4233325/news/2012/11352914|title=SES-4 Satellite Now Operational|access-date=February 15, 2013}}</ref> Astra 1E was moved to 108.2° East, in inclined orbit and with no traffic, and then to 31.5° East in Summer 2013. It returned to 23° East in February 2015.<ref>[http://www.n2yo.com/satellites/?c=34&srt=1&dir=1 Real Time Satellite Tracking And Predictions] Accessed February 27, 2015</ref>
| auto = all
| orbit_epoch = 23 August 2014, 04:24:19&nbsp;UTC<ref name="n2yo">{{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=23686|title=ASTRA 1E Satellite details 1995-055A NORAD 23686|publisher=N2YO|date=23 August 2014|accessdate=23 August 2014}}</ref>
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]]<!-- inclination is 3 degrees as of Oct 2013 -->
| orbit_periapsis = {{convert|35776|km|mi}}<ref name="n2yo"/>
| orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|35808|km|mi}}<ref name="n2yo"/>
| orbit_inclination = 3.50&nbsp;degrees<ref name="n2yo"/>
| orbit_period = 1436.07&nbsp;minutes<ref name="n2yo"/>
| orbit_longitude =
| orbit_slot =
| apsis = gee


in June 2015, the satellite was retired and was moved into a [[graveyard orbit]] above the [[Geostationary orbit|geostationary belt]], moving 5.4° West per day.<ref>[http://www.n2yo.com/satellites/?c=34&srt=1&dir=1 Real Time Satellite Tracking And Predictions] Accessed June 29, 2015</ref><ref name="Gunter">{{cite web|url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/astra-1e.htm |title=Astra 1E, 1F|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|date=11 December 2017|access-date=7 April 2021}}</ref>
| trans_band = 18 [[Ku band]]
| trans_frequency =
| trans_bandwidth = (FSS) 26&nbsp;megahertz<br/>(BSS) 33&nbsp;megahertz
| trans_capacity =
| trans_coverage =
| trans_TWTA =
| trans_EIRP = 51&nbsp;decibel-watts
| trans_HPBW =
}}


== See also ==
'''Astra 1E''' is one of the [[Astra (satellites)|Astra]] [[communications satellite]]s in [[geostationary orbit]] owned and operated by [[SES S.A.|SES]]. It was launched in 1995 to the [[Astra 19.2°E]] orbital slot initially to provide digital television and radio for [[Direct to Home|DTH]] across Europe.
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
* [[Astra 3B]]
* [[Astra 4A]]
* [[SES (company)|SES]] (operator)
* [[Astra (satellites)|Astra]] satellite family
* [[SES Broadband|ASTRA2Connect]] Internet service previously carried


== References ==
Astra 1E was the first Astra satellite to be dedicated to digital TV broadcasting and it carried many of the first digital TV channels from networks broadcasting to France, Germany, and other European countries in the 1990s.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


== External links ==
The satellite originally provided two broadcast beams, of horizontal and vertical [[Polarization (waves)|polarisation]], for [[Fixed Service Satellite|FSS]] (10.70-10.95&nbsp;GHz) and for [[Broadcast Satellite Service|BSS]] (11.70-12.10&nbsp;GHz) frequency bands. The FSS beams provide [[Footprint (satellite)|footprint]]s that cover essentially the same area of Europe – northern, central and eastern Europe, including Spain and northern Italy – while the BSS horizontal beam excludes Spain and extends further east, and the BSS vertical beam includes Spain and more of southern Italy but does not extend so far east.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.ses-astra.com/business/en/satellite-fleet/satellite-list/astra1e/index.php |title=Astra 1E |publisher= SES ASTRA | accessdate= September 19, 2008 | archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20080923224920/http://www.ses-astra.com/business/en/satellite-fleet/satellite-list/astra1e/index.php| archivedate= 23 September 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> Within the footprints, TV signals are usually received with a 60–80&nbsp;cm dish.
*[https://www.ses.com/ official SES website]

*[https://www.ses.com/our-coverage SES fleet information and map]
In October 2007, following the successful deployment of [[Astra 1L]] at 19.2°E, Astra 1E was moved to Astra’s new DTH orbital position, [[Astra 23.5°E|23.5°E]]<ref name=ses20071023>{{cite press release |publisher=SES ASTRA|date=October 23, 2007|url= http://www.ses.com/4233325/news/2007/4434632|title= 23.5° East is a new orbital slot for Direct to Home and ASTRA2Connect / ASTRA 1E replaces ASTRA 1D |accessdate = January 26, 2012 }}</ref> where it provided capacity for the transmission of new services including the [[ASTRA2Connect]] two-way [[Satellite internet|satellite broadband]] [[Internet]] service which provides high speed internet access and VOIP without landline connection at up to 2 Mbit/s download speeds and 128 kbit/s upload<ref>SES ASTRA “ASTRA2Connect Broadband and VoIP” (August, 2008). Company factsheet</ref> using four [[Ku band]] transponders for both forward and return paths from the user’s remote terminal.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html |title=Astra 1E at 23.5°E |publisher= LyngSat | accessdate= September 19, 2008 | archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20080912053228/http://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html| archivedate= 12 September 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref>
*[https://www.ses.com/case-study/astra SES Astra website]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20210412055530/https://www.astra.ses/channels SES guide to channels broadcasting on Astra satellites (archived)]
In May 2010 [[Astra 3B]] was launched to the 23.5° east position, coming into service in June 2010, at which time the services using Astra 1E were transferred to the new craft. In August 2010, Astra 1E left the 23.5° east position moving westwards, to the [[Astra 5°E]] position to provide backup for Astra 4A pending the launch of Astra 4B to that position in 2011. At 5° east, Astra 1E carried very little TV traffic.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html |title=Astra 1E at 4.6°E |publisher= LyngSat | accessdate= October 4, 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100825161012/http://www.lyngsat.com/astra1e.html| archivedate= 25 August 2010 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> Following the launch of Astra 4B (renamed to SES-4) in February 2012,<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=SES ASTRA|date=April 18, 2012|url= http://www.ses.com/4233325/news/2012/11352914|title=SES-4 SATELLITE NOW OPERATIONAL|accessdate = February 15, 2013}}</ref> Astra 1E was moved to 108.2°E, in inclined orbit and with no traffic, and then to 31.5°E in Summer 2013, where, as of November 2013, it remains.<ref>[http://www.ses.com/fleet-coverage Astra 1E in SES fleet information] Accessed November 29, 2013</ref>
*[http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5189 Astra 1E FSS Horizontal beam footprint on SatBeams]

*[http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5190 Astra 1E FSS Vertical beam footprint on SatBeams]
==See also==
*[http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5191 Astra 1E BSS Horizontal beam footprint on SatBeams]
*[[Astra 3B]]
*[http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5192 Astra 1E BSS Vertical beam footprint on SatBeams]
*[[Astra 4A]]
*[[SES S.A.|SES]] satellite operator
*[[Astra (satellites)|Astra]] satellite family
*[[ASTRA2Connect]] Internet service previously carried

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.onastra.com/how-to-receive-astra/index.php SES guide to receiving Astra satellites]
*[http://www.onastra.com/channel-guide/index.php SES guide to channels broadcasting on Astra satellites]
*[http://www.onastra.com OnAstra] - Official consumers/viewers' site
*[http://www.ses.com/ SES] - Official trade/industry site
* [http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5189 Astra 1E FSS Horizontal beam footprint on SatBeams]
* [http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5190 Astra 1E FSS Vertical beam footprint on SatBeams]
* [http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5191 Astra 1E BSS Horizontal beam footprint on SatBeams]
* [http://www.satbeams.com/footprints?beam=5192 Astra 1E BSS Vertical beam footprint on SatBeams]
*[http://www.ses-broadband.com SES Broadband (was ASTRA2Connect) website]


{{SES Astra}}
{{SES Astra}}
{{Orbital launches in 1995}}
{{Orbital launches in 1995}}


[[Category:Astra satellites]]
{{Use British English|date=January 2014}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Astra 1e}}
[[Category:Communications satellites in geostationary orbit]]
[[Category:Communications satellites in geostationary orbit]]
[[Category:Satellite Internet]]
[[Category:Satellites using the BSS-601 bus]]
[[Category:Satellite Internet access]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1995]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1995]]
[[Category:Astra satellites]]
[[Category:1995 in Luxembourg]]
[[Category:1995 in Luxembourg]]
[[Category:Satellites of Luxembourg]]

Latest revision as of 10:49, 28 August 2024

Astra 1E
Mission typeCommunications
OperatorSES
COSPAR ID1995-055A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.23686
Websitehttps://www.ses.com/
Mission duration15 years (planned)
19 years, 8 months (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeBoeing 601
BusHS-601
ManufacturerHughes Space and Communications
Launch mass3,014 kg (6,645 lb)
Power4.7 kW
Start of mission
Launch date19 October 1995, 00:38:00 UTC
RocketAriane 42L H10-3 (V79)
Launch siteCentre Spatial Guyanais, ELA-2
ContractorArianespace
Entered serviceDecember 1995
End of mission
DisposalGraveyard orbit
DeactivatedJune 2015
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit[1]
RegimeGeostationary orbit
Longitude19.2° East (1995-2007)
23.5° East (2007-2010)
5.2° East (2010-2012)
108.2° East (2012-2014)
31.5° East (2014-2015)
23° East (2015)
Transponders
Band18 Ku-band
BandwidthFSS: 26 Mhz
BSS: 33 MHz
Coverage areaEurope

Astra 1E is one of the Astra communications satellites in geostationary orbit owned and operated by SES. It was launched in October 1995 to the Astra 19.2°E orbital slot initially to provide digital television and radio for direct-to-home (DTH) across Europe.

Astra 1E was the first Astra satellite to be dedicated to digital television broadcasting and it carried many of the first digital television channels from networks broadcasting to France, Germany, and other European countries in the 1990s.[citation needed]

The satellite originally provided two broadcast beams, of horizontal and vertical polarisation, for Fixed Service Satellite (FSS) (10.70-10.95 GHz) and for Broadcast Satellite Service (BSS) (11.70-12.10 GHz) frequency bands. The FSS beams provide footprints that cover essentially the same area of Europe – northern, central and eastern Europe, including Spain and northern Italy – while the BSS horizontal beam excludes Spain and extends further east, and the BSS vertical beam includes Spain and more of southern Italy but does not extend so far east.[2] Within the footprints, television signals are usually received with a 60–80 cm dish.

History

[edit]

In October 2007, following the successful deployment of Astra 1L at 19.2° East, Astra 1E was moved to Astra's new DTH orbital position, 23.5° East[3] where it provided capacity for the transmission of new services including the ASTRA2Connect two-way satellite broadband Internet service which provides high speed internet access and Voice over IP (VoIP) without landline connection at up to 2 Mbit/s download speeds and 128 kbit/s upload [4] using four Ku-band transponders for both forward and return paths from the user's remote terminal.[5]

In May 2010, Astra 3B was launched to the 23.5° East position, coming into service in June 2010, at which time the services using Astra 1E were transferred to the new craft. In August 2010, Astra 1E left the 23.5° East position moving westwards, to the Astra 5°E position to provide backup for Astra 4A pending the launch of Astra 4B to that position in 2011. At 5° East, Astra 1E carried very little television traffic.[6] Following the launch of Astra 4B (renamed to SES-5) in February 2012,[7] Astra 1E was moved to 108.2° East, in inclined orbit and with no traffic, and then to 31.5° East in Summer 2013. It returned to 23° East in February 2015.[8]

in June 2015, the satellite was retired and was moved into a graveyard orbit above the geostationary belt, moving 5.4° West per day.[9][10]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "ASTRA 1E". N2YO.com. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  2. ^ "Astra 1E". SES ASTRA. Archived from the original on 23 September 2008. Retrieved 19 September 2008.
  3. ^ "23.5° East is a new orbital slot for Direct to Home and ASTRA2Connect / ASTRA 1E replaces ASTRA 1D" (Press release). SES ASTRA. 23 October 2007. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
  4. ^ SES ASTRA "ASTRA2Connect Broadband and VoIP" (August 2008) SES Fact Sheet
  5. ^ "Astra 1E at 23.5° E". LyngSat. Archived from the original on 12 September 2008. Retrieved 19 September 2008.
  6. ^ "Astra 1E at 4.6° E". LyngSat. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
  7. ^ "SES-4 Satellite Now Operational" (Press release). SES ASTRA. 18 April 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  8. ^ Real Time Satellite Tracking And Predictions Accessed February 27, 2015
  9. ^ Real Time Satellite Tracking And Predictions Accessed June 29, 2015
  10. ^ "Astra 1E, 1F". Gunter's Space Page. 11 December 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
[edit]
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