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Coordinates: 24°51′N 89°22′E / 24.850°N 89.367°E / 24.850; 89.367
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Undid revision 1182620652 by 2607:FEA8:571B:5000:61EE:E670:6E25:9E88 (talk) No, according to the source, Bogra 68.63 square km, Rajshahi 97 square km, so Bogra is *second* largest city in Rajshahi Division.
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Divisions of Bangladesh|Division]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Divisions of Bangladesh|Division]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Rajshahi Division]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Rajshahi Division|Rajshahi]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bogra District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bogra District|Bogra]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_type3 = [[Upazila]]
| subdivision_name3 = <!-- Politics ------------------->
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bogra Sadar Upazila|Bogra Sadar]]
| government_footnotes =
| government_footnotes =
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
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| area_urban_km2 =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_metro_km2 = <!-- Population ----------------------->
| area_metro_km2 = <!-- Population ----------------------->
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2022census"/>
| population_footnotes = <ref name="BDCensus2011">{{cite web |title=Population and Housing Census 2011 - Volume 3: Urban Area Report |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/National%20Reports/Population%20%20Housing%20Census%202011.pdf |date=August 2014 |pages=xi |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>
| population_note =
| population_note =
| population_total = {{formatnum:400,983}}
| population_total = 485944
| population_density_km2 =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_density_sq_mi =
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| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m = 20
| elevation_m = 20
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type = Postal code
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 5800
| postal_code = 5800
| area_code =
| area_code =
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}}
}}


'''Bogra''' ({{lang-bn|বগুড়া}}), [[List of renamed places in Bangladesh|officially known as]] '''Bogura''',<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2018/04/02/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[Bdnews24.com]] |location=Dhaka |date=2 April 2018 |access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> is a city located in [[Bogra District]], [[Rajshahi Division]], [[Bangladesh]]. The city is a major commercial hub in [[North Bengal|Northern Bangladesh]]. It is the second largest city in area and population in Rajshahi Division.<ref name="BDCensus2011" /> The Bogra bridge connects the Rajshahi Division and [[Rangpur Division]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Bogra bridge crack disrupts connection to northern Bangladesh|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bogra-bridge-crack-disrupts-connection-to-northern-bangladesh|work=[[Bdnews24.com]]|date=10 August 2017|access-date=2020-11-18}}</ref>
'''Bogra''' ({{lang-bn|বগুড়া}}), [[List of renamed places in Bangladesh|officially known as]] '''Bogura''',<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2018/04/02/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[Bdnews24.com]] |location=Dhaka |date=2 April 2018 |access-date=2 April 2018}}</ref> is a city located in [[Bogra District]], [[Rajshahi Division]], [[Bangladesh]]. The city is a major commercial hub in [[North Bengal|Northern Bangladesh]]. It is the second largest city in terms of both area and population in Rajshahi Division.<ref name="BDCensus2011">{{cite web |title=Population and Housing Census 2011 - Volume 3: Urban Area Report |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/National%20Reports/Population%20%20Housing%20Census%202011.pdf |date=August 2014 |pages=xi |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics}}</ref> The Bogra bridge connects the Rajshahi Division and [[Rangpur Division]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Bogra bridge crack disrupts connection to northern Bangladesh|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bogra-bridge-crack-disrupts-connection-to-northern-bangladesh|work=[[Bdnews24.com]]|date=10 August 2017|access-date=2020-11-18}}</ref>


Bogra is named after [[Nasiruddin Bughra Khan]], the Governor of [[Bengal]] from 1279 to 1282 and the son of [[Ghiyas ud din Balban|Delhi Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bogra.gov.bd/node/1076080/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF|website=bogra.gov.bd|script-title=bn:জেলার পটভূমি|trans-title=District Background|access-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205023757/http://www.bogra.gov.bd/node/1076080/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF|archive-date=5 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The city is approximately {{convert|71.56|sqkm|sqmi|2|abbr=on}} and is divided into 21 wards. Bogra has a population of around 12,40,000 people. Since it is one of the oldest cities in Bengal, Bogra is famous for its many ancient Buddhist [[stupa]]s, Hindu temples, and ancient palaces of Buddhist kings and Muslim sultans.
Bogra is named after [[Nasiruddin Bughra Khan]], the Governor of [[Bengal]] from 1279 to 1282 and the son of [[Ghiyas ud din Balban|Delhi Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bogra.gov.bd/node/1076080/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF|website=bogra.gov.bd|script-title=bn:জেলার পটভূমি|trans-title=District Background|access-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205023757/http://www.bogra.gov.bd/node/1076080/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF|archive-date=5 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The city is approximately {{convert|71.56|sqkm|sqmi|2|abbr=on}} and is divided into 21 wards. Bogra has a population of around 12,40,000 people. Since it is one of the oldest cities in Bengal, Bogra is famous for its many ancient Buddhist [[stupa]]s, Hindu temples, and ancient palaces of Buddhist kings and Muslim sultans.
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Bogra is considered the oldest city of Bengal, dating to the reign of the [[Emperor Ashoka|Great Emperor Ashoka]], who ruled India from 268 to 232 BCE. When Ashoka conquered the Bengal (Bongo) region, he founded Bogra and called it [[Pundravardhana|Pundra Bardhan]]. This is supported by the discovery in October 2008 of an ancient engraved stone believed to be produced in the [[Gupta]] era near [[Sura Mosque]] at [[Ghoraghat Upazila]] in [[Dinajpur District (Bangladesh)|Dinajpur]].
Bogra is considered the oldest city of Bengal, dating to the reign of the [[Emperor Ashoka|Great Emperor Ashoka]], who ruled India from 268 to 232 BCE. When Ashoka conquered the Bengal (Bongo) region, he founded Bogra and called it [[Pundravardhana|Pundra Bardhan]]. This is supported by the discovery in October 2008 of an ancient engraved stone believed to be produced in the [[Gupta]] era near [[Sura Mosque]] at [[Ghoraghat Upazila]] in [[Dinajpur District (Bangladesh)|Dinajpur]].


Bogra has been a transportation, cultural and economic hub for thousands of years. In the early 800AD, it was a core place of doing business through the Karatoya River(A sub-river of [[Bangali River]], not to be confused with the Large [[Karatoya River]]). By 1200 AD it had also become an important geopolitical center for spreading Islam through the [[Mahasthangarh]]. In the late fiftieth century, it became a statistical trade area by the [[British East India Company]].
Bogra has been a transportation, cultural and economic hub for thousands of years. In the early 800AD, it was a core place of doing business through the Karatoya River (a sub-river of the [[Bangali River]], not to be confused with the Large [[Karatoya River]]). By 1200 AD it had also become an important geopolitical center for spreading Islam through the [[Mahasthangarh]]. In the late fiftieth century, it became a statistical trade area by the [[British East India Company]].


In the late seventh century, the British East India Company gave control of the area to [[Nowab]] & [[Shatani]] families, who still are two of the most reputed family in the city.
In the late seventeenth century, the British East India Company gave control of the area to [[Nowab]] and [[Shatani]] families, who still are two of the most reputed families in the city.


During the [[Bangladesh War of Independence]], the area witnessed the [[Battle of Bogra]], a fierce conflict between the guerrilla units of the [[Bangladesh Forces]] under Sector 7 and the [[Pakistan Army]].
During the [[Bangladesh War of Independence]], the area witnessed the [[Battle of Bogra]], a fierce conflict between the guerrilla units of the [[Bangladesh Forces]] under Sector 7 and the [[Pakistan Army]].


==Geography==
==Climate==
The city enjoys a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) bordering on a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw), with two main seasons: winter and summer. Winters are dry with warm afternoons and cool nights (although frosts have never occurred in recent history), while summers are hot and humid with heavy rainfall due to the monsoon season.
⚫
{{Bogra weatherbox}}


==Demographics==
[[File:BD Mahasthangarh1.JPG|thumb|left| Ramparts of the [[Mahasthangarh]] citadel, a few miles from Bogra]]
First formed in 1821, the administrative district of Bogra contains an area of {{convert|1359|sqmi|sqkm|0|abbr=on}}.


{{bar box
The principal rivers in the district are formed by the different channels of the [[Brahmaputra]]. The rivers have local names such as the Konai, the [[Daokoba]], and the [[Jamuna River (Bangladesh)|Jamuna]]. The latter forms a portion of the eastern boundary of the district. The Brahmaputra and its channels, together with three minor streams, the [[Bangali River|Bangali]], [[Karatoya]], and [[Atrai River|Atrai]], drive the thriving commercial activities in the area.
|title=Religions in Bogra city (2011)<ref name="census2011"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]]|green|93.31}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]]|darkorange|6.50}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.19}}
}}


According to the [[2022 Bangladeshi census|2022 Bangladesh census]], Bogra city had a population of 485,944.<ref name="2022census">{{Cite book |url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-11-20-05-20-e6676a7993679bfd72a663e39ef0cca7.pdf |title=Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |date=November 2023 |isbn= |volume=1 |pages=}}</ref>{{rp||pages=388-394}}
In 1911 the Karatoya (which flows from north to south), divided the district into two portions, the eastern tract with rich [[alluvial soil]], subject to fertilizing inundations, yielded heavy crops of coarse rice, oil seeds, and jute, while the soil of the higher western portion of the district allowed for growing rice.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=121}}


According to the [[2011 Bangladeshi census|2011 Bangladesh census]], Bogra city had 81,251 households and a population of 350,397. 61,645 (17.59%) were under 10 years of age. Bogra had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 72.16%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 905 females per 1000 males.<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |title=Population & Housing Census 2011 (Zila Series & Community Series) |url=https://bbs.gov.bd/site/page/47856ad0-7e1c-4aab-bd78-892733bc06eb/- |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
==Climate==
The city enjoys a tropical climate, with two main seasons: winter and summer. Bogra experiences more rainfall during the summer.
⚫
{{Bogra weatherbox}}


==Economy==
==Economy==
Since the 2009 adoption of new [[urban planning]], there has been a significant development in the infrastructure of Bogra. This includes the restructuring and widening of roads, improvement of telecommunications infrastructure, and the installation of underground gas connections.
Since the 2009 adoption of new [[urban planning]], there has been a significant development in the infrastructure of Bogra. This includes the restructuring and widening of roads, improvement of telecommunications infrastructure, and the installation of underground gas connections.


Additionally, [[chili pepper|red chili]] production in Bogra is a major industry, with companies such as [[Square, Inc.|Square]], Acme, and [[BD Food]] collecting red chili from twelve centers within Bogra.<ref name="daily_star">{{cite web
Additionally, [[chili pepper|red chili]] production in Bogra is a major industry, with companies such as [[Square, Inc.|Square]], Acme, and [[BD Food]] collecting red chili from twelve centers within Bogra.<ref name="daily_star">{{cite news
|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=115972
|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=115972
|title=Turnover goes up to Tk 100cr from Tk 5cr in just 5 years
|title=Turnover goes up to Tk 100cr from Tk 5cr in just 5 years
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|access-date=6 December 2009}}</ref>
|access-date=6 December 2009}}</ref>


Often called the "Town of Banks", Bogra is the location of numerous online banking facilities, credit card, debit card, and remittance companies. Banking in Bogra has significantly expanded with the presence of government banks such as the [[Bangladesh Bank]] (Central Bank), [[Sonali Bank]], [[Rupali Bank]], [[Janata Bank]], [[Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank]], [[Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd.]], [[Uttara Bank Ltd]], and [[Agrani Bank]], as well as a number of private and specialized banks, including [[Pubali Bank]], [[National Bank]], [[IFIC bank Ltd.]], [[Citi Bank Ltd.]], and others.
Often called the "Town of Banks", Bogra is the location of numerous online banking facilities, credit card, debit card, and remittance companies. Banking in Bogra has significantly expanded with the presence of government banks such as the [[Bangladesh Bank]] (Central Bank), [[Sonali Bank]], [[Rupali Bank]], [[Janata Bank]], [[Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank]], [[Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd.]], [[Uttara Bank Ltd]], and [[Agrani Bank]], as well as a number of private and specialized banks, including [[Pubali Bank]], [[National Bank Limited|National Bank]], [[IFIC bank Ltd.]], [[Citi Bank Ltd.]], and others.


[[File:Sherpur Road, Bogra Sadar.JPG|thumb|right|Sherpur Road, Bogra]]
[[File:Sherpur Road, Bogra Sadar.JPG|thumb|right|Sherpur Road, Bogra]]
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===Tourism===
===Tourism===
Near Bogra is [[Mahasthangarh]], the earliest known urban archaeological site in Bangladesh, as well as the village of Mahasthan in [[Shibganj Upazila, Bogra|Shibganj]] thana of [[Bogra District]]. This site contains the remains of [[Pundranagara]] (or Paundravardhanapura), an ancient city in the territory of Pundravardhana.<ref name="Hossain 2006">Hossain, Md. Mosharraf, ''Mahasthan: Anecdote to History'', 2006, Preface, Dibyaprakash, 38/2 ka Bangla Bazar, Dhaka, {{ISBN|9844832454}}</ref><ref name = "Brochure">Brochure: ''Mahasthan – the earliest city-site of Bangladesh'', published by the Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 2003</ref><ref name="Majumdar1971">{{cite book |last=Majumdar |first=R. C. |author-link=R. C. Majumdar |year=1971 |title=History of Ancient Bengal |location=Calcutta |publisher=G. Bhardwaj & Co. |page=5 |oclc=961157849 |quote=... Punḍravardhana whose antiquity reaches back to the Maurya period. The dwindling Karatoyā still flows by the ruins of this ancient city at Mahāsthāngarh in the Bogra district}}</ref> This place is considered sacred to Buddhists, Muslims, and Hindus alike.<ref name="Khan 2012">{{cite book |last=Khan |first=Ayub |year=2012 |chapter=Goku Medh |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gokul_Medh |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Pilgrims and visitors tour the area all year round.
Near Bogra is [[Mahasthangarh]], the earliest known urban archaeological site in Bangladesh, as well as the village of Mahasthan in [[Shibganj Upazila, Bogra|Shibganj]] thana of [[Bogra District]]. This site contains the remains of [[Pundranagara]] (or Paundravardhanapura), an ancient city in the territory of Pundravardhana.<ref name="Hossain 2006">{{cite book |last1=Hossain |first1=Md. Mosharraf |title=Mahasthan: Anecdote to History |year=2006 |publisher=Dibyaprakash |page=Preface |isbn=984-483-245-4 |quote=Mahasthan is the earliest urban archaeological site so far discovered in the present territory of ... Bangladesh}}</ref><ref name = "Brochure">Brochure: ''Mahasthan – the earliest city-site of Bangladesh'', published by the Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 2003</ref><ref name="Majumdar1971">{{cite book |last=Majumdar |first=R. C. |author-link=R. C. Majumdar |year=1971 |title=History of Ancient Bengal |location=Calcutta |publisher=G. Bhardwaj & Co. |page=5 |oclc=961157849 |quote=... Punḍravardhana whose antiquity reaches back to the Maurya period. The dwindling Karatoyā still flows by the ruins of this ancient city at Mahāsthāngarh in the Bogra district}}</ref> This place is considered sacred to Buddhists, Muslims, and Hindus alike.<ref name="Khan 2012">{{cite book |last=Khan |first=Ayub |year=2012 |chapter=Goku Medh |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gokul_Medh |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Pilgrims and visitors tour the area all year round.


The [[Behular Bashor Ghor]] is a popular tourist attraction in the city and is close to other popular spots and monuments such as the Mahasthangar, Nawab Palace (called Neelkuthi during the British period), [[Kherua Mosque]] ([[Sherpur Upazila]]), Bara Mosque, Mazar of Shah Sultan Balkhi, Mazar of Panchpir, Gokul Medh, Palace of Parshuram, Basu Bihara, Palli Unnayan Academy, Saudia City Park, Bhimer Jangle, Museum of Nawab Bari Palace, Wonderland Shishupark (a children's park), Shanewaz Shishubagan, Woodburn Park, Dreshtinandan Park, Bijayangan (the War of Liberation museum), and the Jaina Temple.
The [[Behular Bashor Ghor]] is a popular tourist attraction in the city and is close to other popular spots and monuments such as the Mahasthangar, Nawab Palace (called Neelkuthi during the British period), [[Kherua Mosque]] ([[Sherpur Upazila]]), Bara Mosque, Mazar of Shah Sultan Balkhi, Mazar of Panchpir, Gokul Medh, Palace of Parshuram, Basu Bihara, Palli Unnayan Academy, Saudia City Park, Bhimer Jangle, Museum of Nawab Bari Palace, Wonderland Shishupark (a children's park), Shanewaz Shishubagan, Woodburn Park, Dreshtinandan Park, Bijayangan (the War of Liberation museum), and the Jaina Temple.
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==Notable residents==
==Notable residents==
<!-- Please add new entries in alphabetical order by surname. List only people who qualify as notable under [[WP:Notability|Wikipedia criteria]]. In general, either the person is already the subject of an article, or they are prominently named in an article (for example, as a member of a band), or you are getting started on writing that article. Include source citations, please. -->
<!-- Please add new entries in alphabetical order by surname. List only people who qualify as notable under [[WP:Notability|Wikipedia criteria]]. In general, either the person is already the subject of an article, or they are prominently named in an article (for example, as a member of a band), or you are getting started on writing that article. Include source citations, please. -->
* [[Pinaki Bhattacharya]] Human rights Activists, Attended Bogura Zilla School
* [[Ziaur Rahman]], President of Bangladesh (1977-1981), attended Bogra Zilla School
* [[Ziaur Rahman]], President of Bangladesh (1977-1981), attended Bogra Zilla School
* [[Humayun Ahmed]], writer and filmmaker, attended [[Bogra Zilla School]].<ref name="insight5Aug2006">{{cite magazine |last1=Rahman |first1=Md. Mahbur |date=5 August 2006 |title=From Bogra: A Successful Seat of knowledge |url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/starinsight/2006/08/01/guru.htm |magazine=Star Insight}}</ref>
* [[Humayun Ahmed]], writer and filmmaker, attended [[Bogra Zilla School]].<ref name="insight5Aug2006">{{cite magazine |last1=Rahman |first1=Md. Mahbur |date=5 August 2006 |title=From Bogra: A Successful Seat of knowledge |url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/starinsight/2006/08/01/guru.htm |magazine=Star Insight}}</ref>
* [[Khademul Bashar]], [[Bir Uttam]], chief of the [[Bangladesh Air Force]] in 1976, was born in Bogra.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rahman |first=FM Mostafizur |year=2012 |chapter=Bashar, Air Vice Marshal M Khademul |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bashar,_Air_Vice_Marshal_M_Khademul |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
* [[Khademul Bashar]], [[Bir Uttam]], chief of the [[Bangladesh Air Force]] in 1976, was born in Bogra.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rahman |first=FM Mostafizur |year=2012 |chapter=Bashar, Air Vice Marshal M Khademul |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bashar,_Air_Vice_Marshal_M_Khademul |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
* [[Apu Biswas]], film actress
* [[Apu Biswas]], film actress
*
* [[Muhammad Ali Bogra]], Prime Minister of Pakistan (1953–1955), lived in Bogra.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ali |first1=Syed Hamde |date=19 October 2009 |title=Mohammed Ali of Bogra |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-110424 |work=The Daily Star}}</ref>
* [[Muhammad Ali Bogra]], Prime Minister of Pakistan (1953–1955), lived in Bogra.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ali |first1=Syed Hamde |date=19 October 2009 |title=Mohammed Ali of Bogra |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-110424 |work=The Daily Star}}</ref>
* [[Akhteruzzaman Elias]], novelist and short story writer, attended Bogra Zilla School.<ref name="insight5Aug2006" />
* [[Akhteruzzaman Elias]], novelist and short story writer, attended Bogra Zilla School.<ref name="insight5Aug2006" />
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* [[Tarun Majumdar]], Indian film director
* [[Tarun Majumdar]], Indian film director
* [[Mushfiqur Rahim]], cricketer of the Bangladesh cricket team
* [[Mushfiqur Rahim]], cricketer of the Bangladesh cricket team
* [[Towhid Hridoy]], Cricketer of the Bangladesh Cricket Team
* Md Imam Hassan, Chairman of Aadhar Vorer Surjo Kona (AVSK) Society.<ref name="insight5Aug2006" />
*[[Tanzid Hasan]], Cricketer of the Bangladesh Cricket Team
*
*


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Bogra Sadar Upazila]], a sub-district (upzalia) of Bogra District.
*[[Bogra Sadar Upazila]], a sub-district (upzalia) of Bogra District.
*[[Bogra Cantonment]]


==Notes==
==Notes==

Latest revision as of 06:31, 23 September 2024

This article is about the city. For the district, see Bogra District. For the cantonment, see Bogra Cantonment. For the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, see Mohammad Ali Bogra.

Bogra
বগুড়া
Bogura
City
From top: Gokul Medh, Sathmatha, Delta Tower, Bogra Railway Station, Azizul Haque College
Bogra is located in Bangladesh Rajshahi division
Bogra
Bogra
Location in Rajshahi Division
Bogra is located in Bangladesh
Bogra
Bogra
Location in Bangladesh
Coordinates: 24°51′N 89°22′E / 24.850°N 89.367°E / 24.850; 89.367
Country Bangladesh
DivisionRajshahi
DistrictBogra
UpazilaBogra Sadar
Pundravardhana1280 BC
Municipal Council1 July 1876
Government
 • TypeMayor–Council
 • BodyBogra Municipality
 • MayorRezaul Karim Badsha
Area
 • Total71.56 km2 (27.63 sq mi)
Elevation
20 m (70 ft)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total485,944
Time zoneUTC+6 (BST)
Postal code
5800
Calling code051
Websitewww.bogra.gov.bd

Bogra (Bengali: বগুড়া), officially known as Bogura,[2] is a city located in Bogra District, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh. The city is a major commercial hub in Northern Bangladesh. It is the second largest city in terms of both area and population in Rajshahi Division.[3] The Bogra bridge connects the Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division.[4]

Bogra is named after Nasiruddin Bughra Khan, the Governor of Bengal from 1279 to 1282 and the son of Delhi Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban.[5] The city is approximately 71.56 km2 (27.63 sq mi) and is divided into 21 wards. Bogra has a population of around 12,40,000 people. Since it is one of the oldest cities in Bengal, Bogra is famous for its many ancient Buddhist stupas, Hindu temples, and ancient palaces of Buddhist kings and Muslim sultans.

The city has produced notable personalities including Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra of Pakistan, President Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh, both of whom were born and lived in the city.

History

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Bogra is considered the oldest city of Bengal, dating to the reign of the Great Emperor Ashoka, who ruled India from 268 to 232 BCE. When Ashoka conquered the Bengal (Bongo) region, he founded Bogra and called it Pundra Bardhan. This is supported by the discovery in October 2008 of an ancient engraved stone believed to be produced in the Gupta era near Sura Mosque at Ghoraghat Upazila in Dinajpur.

Bogra has been a transportation, cultural and economic hub for thousands of years. In the early 800AD, it was a core place of doing business through the Karatoya River (a sub-river of the Bangali River, not to be confused with the Large Karatoya River). By 1200 AD it had also become an important geopolitical center for spreading Islam through the Mahasthangarh. In the late fiftieth century, it became a statistical trade area by the British East India Company.

In the late seventeenth century, the British East India Company gave control of the area to Nowab and Shatani families, who still are two of the most reputed families in the city.

During the Bangladesh War of Independence, the area witnessed the Battle of Bogra, a fierce conflict between the guerrilla units of the Bangladesh Forces under Sector 7 and the Pakistan Army.

Climate

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The city enjoys a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) bordering on a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw), with two main seasons: winter and summer. Winters are dry with warm afternoons and cool nights (although frosts have never occurred in recent history), while summers are hot and humid with heavy rainfall due to the monsoon season.

Climate data for Bogra (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31.1
(88.0) 		34.8
(94.6) 		40.6
(105.1) 		44.0
(111.2) 		41.5
(106.7) 		40.6
(105.1) 		37.9
(100.2) 		37.7
(99.9) 		38.4
(101.1) 		37.4
(99.3) 		34.5
(94.1) 		32.0
(89.6) 		44.0
(111.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 24.0
(75.2) 		27.6
(81.7) 		31.4
(88.5) 		33.3
(91.9) 		33.4
(92.1) 		33.1
(91.6) 		32.4
(90.3) 		32.7
(90.9) 		32.5
(90.5) 		32.1
(89.8) 		30.2
(86.4) 		26.1
(79.0) 		30.7
(87.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 17.3
(63.1) 		21.1
(70.0) 		25.3
(77.5) 		27.8
(82.0) 		28.4
(83.1) 		29.0
(84.2) 		29.0
(84.2) 		29.2
(84.6) 		28.5
(83.3) 		26.7
(80.1) 		22.8
(73.0) 		18.6
(65.5) 		25.3
(77.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 11.6
(52.9) 		14.7
(58.5) 		19.3
(66.7) 		22.8
(73.0) 		24.2
(75.6) 		26.0
(78.8) 		26.4
(79.5) 		26.6
(79.9) 		25.9
(78.6) 		23.6
(74.5) 		18.5
(65.3) 		13.9
(57.0) 		21.1
(70.0)
Record low °C (°F) 4.5
(40.1) 		6.7
(44.1) 		10.6
(51.1) 		16.7
(62.1) 		17.3
(63.1) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.1
(70.0) 		21.7
(71.1) 		21.1
(70.0) 		17.2
(63.0) 		11.0
(51.8) 		4.9
(40.8) 		4.5
(40.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 8
(0.3) 		15
(0.6) 		21
(0.8) 		82
(3.2) 		210
(8.3) 		309
(12.2) 		338
(13.3) 		278
(10.9) 		277
(10.9) 		151
(5.9) 		7
(0.3) 		7
(0.3) 		1,703
(67)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 1 2 3 6 13 16 20 19 16 8 1 1 106
Average relative humidity (%) 71 64 62 71 76 82 83 82 83 78 73 73 75
Mean monthly sunshine hours 188.4 212.9 239.4 215.1 197.0 148.2 150.0 155.9 159.0 222.2 226.8 203.4 2,318.3
Source 1: NOAA[6]
Source 2: Bangladesh Meteorological Department (humidity 1981-2010)[7]

Demographics

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Religions in Bogra city (2011)[8]
Religion Percent
Islam
 
 93.31%
Hinduism
 
 6.50%
Other or not stated
 
 0.19%

According to the 2022 Bangladesh census, Bogra city had a population of 485,944.[1]: 388–394 

According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Bogra city had 81,251 households and a population of 350,397. 61,645 (17.59%) were under 10 years of age. Bogra had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 72.16%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 905 females per 1000 males.[8]

Economy

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Since the 2009 adoption of new urban planning, there has been a significant development in the infrastructure of Bogra. This includes the restructuring and widening of roads, improvement of telecommunications infrastructure, and the installation of underground gas connections.

Additionally, red chili production in Bogra is a major industry, with companies such as Square, Acme, and BD Food collecting red chili from twelve centers within Bogra.[9]

Often called the "Town of Banks", Bogra is the location of numerous online banking facilities, credit card, debit card, and remittance companies. Banking in Bogra has significantly expanded with the presence of government banks such as the Bangladesh Bank (Central Bank), Sonali Bank, Rupali Bank, Janata Bank, Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank, Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd., Uttara Bank Ltd, and Agrani Bank, as well as a number of private and specialized banks, including Pubali Bank, National Bank, IFIC bank Ltd., Citi Bank Ltd., and others.

Sherpur Road, Bogra

Bogra is also home to an increasing number of IT, software, technology, and computer services companies.[10] One of the milestones of its tech sector occurred in 2008 when the French Grameen Group and Groupe Danone entered into a joint venture with a local company to establish an organization named Grameen Danone.[11]

Bir Shreshtha Smruti Pillar

Statistically, Bogra's workforce is still dominated by jobs in the agriculture sector (29.95%) and agricultural manufacturing (12.53%). They are followed by general commerce (18.11%), customer service (15.62%), transportation (6.66%), wage labor (2.2%), and other industries (14.93%).[12]

Transportation

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Bogra is also known as the gateway of North Bengal due to its communication capabilities. Bogra has several railway stations and bus terminals (Charmatha Bus Terminal, Thantahnia Bus Terminal, BRTC Bus Terminal, and Haddipotti Bus Terminal). It has one of the best inter-district communication. Usually, people come from 20 to 45  km to the city to do their day job. Only a handful of cities in Bangladesh have this type of communication infrastructure. People use both Train & Bus communication to visit the city every day. Bus & CNG is the most crucial communication method for most citizens.

Almost every school has bus services (except Bogra Zilla School & Bogra Victoria Manorial School), which helps the city to have fewer traffic jams than most other cities in rush hours. It has also the 2nd highest number of Rickshaws in the country. It also has the highest number of private cars in North Bengal (Approximately 65% of the whole North-Bengal region).

Bogra has always been the key transportation hub for Bangladesh & North Bengal. Before the '80s & 90's all Trucks & Buses in North Bengal needed to pass through Bogra to go to their desired destination. Thus Bogra has one of the biggest Motor-labor unions in the country.

Tourism

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Near Bogra is Mahasthangarh, the earliest known urban archaeological site in Bangladesh, as well as the village of Mahasthan in Shibganj thana of Bogra District. This site contains the remains of Pundranagara (or Paundravardhanapura), an ancient city in the territory of Pundravardhana.[13][14][15] This place is considered sacred to Buddhists, Muslims, and Hindus alike.[16] Pilgrims and visitors tour the area all year round.

The Behular Bashor Ghor is a popular tourist attraction in the city and is close to other popular spots and monuments such as the Mahasthangar, Nawab Palace (called Neelkuthi during the British period), Kherua Mosque (Sherpur Upazila), Bara Mosque, Mazar of Shah Sultan Balkhi, Mazar of Panchpir, Gokul Medh, Palace of Parshuram, Basu Bihara, Palli Unnayan Academy, Saudia City Park, Bhimer Jangle, Museum of Nawab Bari Palace, Wonderland Shishupark (a children's park), Shanewaz Shishubagan, Woodburn Park, Dreshtinandan Park, Bijayangan (the War of Liberation museum), and the Jaina Temple.

Mahasthangarh, Bogra

Notable residents

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report (PDF). Vol. 1. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023.
  2. ^ "Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts". Bdnews24.com. Dhaka. 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Population and Housing Census 2011 - Volume 3: Urban Area Report" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2014. pp. xi.
  4. ^ "Bogra bridge crack disrupts connection to northern Bangladesh". Bdnews24.com. 10 August 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  5. ^ জেলার পটভূমি [District Background]. bogra.gov.bd. Archived from the original on 5 December 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  6. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  7. ^ "Normal Monthly Humidity" (PDF). Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  8. ^ a b "Population & Housing Census 2011 (Zila Series & Community Series)". bbs.gov.bd. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
  9. ^ "Turnover goes up to Tk 100cr from Tk 5cr in just 5 years". The Daly Star. December 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
  10. ^ Bogua Database, retrieved 7 December 2009, Bogra.info
  11. ^ "French minister backs social business". The Daily Star. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
  12. ^ Chawdhury, Shagata (2012). "Bogra Sadar Upazila". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  13. ^ Hossain, Md. Mosharraf (2006). Mahasthan: Anecdote to History. Dibyaprakash. p. Preface. ISBN 984-483-245-4. Mahasthan is the earliest urban archaeological site so far discovered in the present territory of ... Bangladesh
  14. ^ Brochure: Mahasthan – the earliest city-site of Bangladesh, published by the Department of Archaeology, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 2003
  15. ^ Majumdar, R. C. (1971). History of Ancient Bengal. Calcutta: G. Bhardwaj & Co. p. 5. OCLC 961157849. ... Punḍravardhana whose antiquity reaches back to the Maurya period. The dwindling Karatoyā still flows by the ruins of this ancient city at Mahāsthāngarh in the Bogra district
  16. ^ Khan, Ayub (2012). "Goku Medh". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  17. ^ a b c d Rahman, Md. Mahbur (5 August 2006). "From Bogra: A Successful Seat of knowledge". Star Insight.
  18. ^ Rahman, FM Mostafizur (2012). "Bashar, Air Vice Marshal M Khademul". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  19. ^ Ali, Syed Hamde (19 October 2009). "Mohammed Ali of Bogra". The Daily Star.

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bogura.

24°51′N 89°22′E / 24.850°N 89.367°E / 24.850; 89.367

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