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Coordinates: 24°17′20″N 116°07′19″E / 24.289°N 116.122°E / 24.289; 116.122
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{{About||the island in Fujian province|Meizhou Island|other uses}}
{{About||the island in Fujian province|Meizhou Island|other uses}}
{{redirect|Jiaying|the Marvel character|Jiaying (Marvel Cinematic Universe)|the prefecture-level city bordering Meizhou|Jieyang}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Meizhou
| name = Meizhou
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| elevation_min_ft =
| elevation_min_ft =
<!-- Population ----------------------->
<!-- Population ----------------------->
| population_as_of = 2020 census<ref name="citypopulation.de">{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-guangdong-admin.php|title = China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2020 census<ref name="citypopulation.de">{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-guangdong-admin.php|title = China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref>
| population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =
| population_note =
| population_note =
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| population_blank1 = [[Han Chinese|Han]]
| population_blank1 = [[Han Chinese|Han]]
| population_density_blank1_km2 =
| population_density_blank1_km2 =
|demographics_type2 = GDP<ref>{{cite book|author=广东省统计局、国家统计局广东调查总队|title=《广东统计年鉴－2016》|date=August 2016|publisher=中国统计出版社|isbn=978-7-5037-7837-7|url=http://www.gdstats.gov.cn/tjnj/2016/directory.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222072646/http://www.gdstats.gov.cn/tjnj/2016/directory.html|archivedate=2017-12-22}}</ref>
|demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
|demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 130.8 billion<br />[[US$]] 20.3 billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 33,764<br />US$ 5,234
<!-- General information --------------->
<!-- General information --------------->
| blank7_name = [[Varieties of Chinese|Languages]]
| blank7_name = [[Varieties of Chinese|Languages]]
| blank7_info = [[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]] and [[Cantonese]] (regional); [[Standard Mandarin]] (official)
| blank7_info = [[Standard Chinese]] (official); [[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]] (regional)
| timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset = +8
| utc_offset = +8
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|order=st
|order=st
}}
}}
'''Meizhou''' ({{zh|t=梅州}}, [[Hakka Chinese]]: Mòichû) is a [[prefecture-level city]] in eastern [[Guangdong]] province, China. It has an area of {{convert|15864.51|km²|abbr=on}}, and a population of 3,873,239 million as of the 2020 census. It comprises [[Meijiang District]], [[Meixian District]], [[Xingning City]] and five counties. Its built-up or metro area made up of two urban districts was home to 992,351 inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/guangdong/admin/| title = China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}} </ref>
'''Meizhou''' ({{zh|t=梅州}}, [[Hakka Chinese]]: Mòichû) is a [[prefecture-level city]] in eastern [[Guangdong]] province, China. It has an area of {{convert|15864.51|km²|abbr=on}}, and a population of 3,873,239 as of the 2020 census. It comprises [[Meijiang District]], [[Meixian District]], [[Xingning City]] and five counties. Its built-up or metro area made up of two urban districts was home to 992,351 inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/guangdong/admin/| title = China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Since [[Neolithic age]] historical sites with unearthed a number of stone tools and pottery, have been discovered in dozens of places in the Meixian area of Meizhou. In the Meixian area, ancient kiln sites from the Western Zhou Dynasty and bells from the Warring States Period were also found. Before the [[Qin Dynasty]], Meizhou was under [[Nanyue]] rule. After Qin unified the Nanyue, Meizhou was belonged to [[Nanhai Commandery]].
[[Neolithic age]] stone tools and pottery have been discovered in dozens of places in the Meixian district of Meizhou. Ancient kiln sites from the Western Zhou dynasty and bells from the [[Warring States period]] were also found. Before the [[Qin dynasty]], Meizhou was under [[Nanyue]] rule. After Qin unified the Nanyue, Meizhou was belonged to [[Nanhai Commandery]].


Originally name of Meizhou was '''Chengxiang''' (程乡), it was established under the [[prefecture]] of [[Jingzhou (ancient China)|Jingzhou]] during the [[Southern Han]] (917-971). It became Meizhou at the time of [[Northern Song dynasty]] (960-1127) and [[Jiaying Prefecture]] during the [[Qing dynasty]] (1644–1911). After 1912, the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] government changed the name to '''Meizhou''', the name comes from the [[Mei River]] and the Chinese name for the [[Prunus mume|plum]] blossom ({{zh|c=梅|p=méi|labels=no}}).<ref>[http://www.gznet.edu.cn/WWW/scn/guangdong/e_mz.html Origin of the name Meizhou] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104115024/http://www.gznet.edu.cn/WWW/scn/guangdong/e_mz.html |date=2013-11-04 }}</ref>
The original name of Meizhou was '''Chengxiang''' (程乡), established under the [[prefecture]] of [[Jingzhou (ancient China)|Jingzhou]] during the [[Southern Han]] (917–971). The name was changed to '''Meizhou''' at the 10th century and [[Jiaying Prefecture]] at the 15th century. After 1912, it was changed back to Meizhou, the name comes from the [[Mei River]] and the Chinese name for the [[Prunus mume|plum]] blossom ({{zh|c=梅|p=méi|labels=no}}).<ref>[http://www.gznet.edu.cn/WWW/scn/guangdong/e_mz.html Origin of the name Meizhou] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104115024/http://www.gznet.edu.cn/WWW/scn/guangdong/e_mz.html |date=2013-11-04 }}</ref>
After several subsequent shifts of jurisdiction, it became Meizhou City in 1988. Meizhou is now a noted historical and cultural city.<ref name="culture">{{cite web
After several subsequent shifts of jurisdiction, it became Meizhou City in 1988. Meizhou is now a noted historical and cultural city.<ref name="culture">{{cite web
|author = Ministry of Culture, P.R.China
|author = Ministry of Culture, P.R.China
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==Geography and climate==
==Geography and climate==
Meizhou is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province, bordering [[Fujian]] Province in the northeast and [[Jiangxi]] Province in the northwest. The complex geological structure was formed mainly from granite, spouting rocks, metamorphic rock, shale, sandstone, red rock and limestone.<ref name="geo">{{cite web
Meizhou is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province, bordering [[Fujian]] Province in the northeast and [[Jiangxi]] Province in the northwest. The complex geological structure was formed mainly from granite, spouting rocks, metamorphic rock, shale, sandstone, red rock and limestone.Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 23° 23' to 24° 56' N and in longitude from 115° 18' to 116° 56' E, covering an area of {{convert|15836|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="geo">{{cite web
|publisher=meizhou.gov.cn
|publisher=meizhou.gov.cn
|title=Meizhou Geography
|title=Meizhou Geography
|url=http://www.meizhou.gov.cn/modules/article/view.article.php?18/c1
|url=https://www.meizhou.gov.cn/zjmz/mzgk/zrdl/
}}</ref>
|access-date=2006-12-27
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070627170757/http://www.meizhou.gov.cn/modules/article/view.article.php?18%2Fc1
|archive-date=2007-06-27
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 23° 23' to 24° 56' N and in longitude from 115° 18' to 116° 56' E, covering an area of {{convert|15836|km2|abbr=on}}.


Meizhou has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''), with short, mild, overcast winters and long, very hot, humid summers. The monthly daily average temperature in January is {{convert|12.6|°C|1}}, and in July is {{convert|28.9|°C|1}}. From April to June, rainfall is the heaviest and most frequent. Though striking [[typhoon]]s do not affect the area as much as the coast, the mountainous topography means that flooding is a serious concern.
Meizhou has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''), with short, mild, overcast winters and long, very hot, humid summers. The monthly daily average temperature in January is {{convert|12.6|°C|1}}, and in July is {{convert|28.9|°C|1}}. From April to June, rainfall is the heaviest and most frequent. Though striking [[typhoon]]s do not affect the area as much as the coast, the mountainous topography means that flooding is a serious concern.
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|single line=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Meizhou (1981−2010)
|location = Meizhou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
|Jan high C = 18.4
|Jan high C = 18.5
|Feb high C = 19.5
|Feb high C = 20.2
|Mar high C = 22.4
|Mar high C = 22.9
|Apr high C = 26.4
|Apr high C = 27.0
|May high C = 29.9
|May high C = 30.3
|Jun high C = 32.1
|Jun high C = 32.4
|Jul high C = 34.3
|Jul high C = 34.3
|Aug high C = 33.7
|Aug high C = 33.8
|Sep high C = 32.0
|Sep high C = 32.4
|Oct high C = 29.4
|Oct high C = 29.3
|Nov high C = 25.0
|Nov high C = 25.2
|Dec high C = 20.3
|Dec high C = 20.2
|Jan mean C = 12.6
|Jan mean C = 12.7
|Feb mean C = 14.4
|Feb mean C = 14.8
|Mar mean C = 17.4
|Mar mean C = 17.8
|Apr mean C = 21.7
|Apr mean C = 22.0
|May mean C = 25.1
|May mean C = 25.4
|Jun mean C = 27.3
|Jun mean C = 27.5
|Jul mean C = 28.9
|Jul mean C = 28.9
|Aug mean C = 28.4
|Aug mean C = 28.4
|Sep mean C = 26.8
|Sep mean C = 27.1
|Oct mean C = 23.7
|Oct mean C = 23.7
|Nov mean C = 18.7
|Nov mean C = 19.1
|Dec mean C = 13.9
|Dec mean C = 14.1
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = 8.9
|Jan low C = 8.7
|Feb low C = 11.1
|Feb low C = 10.9
|Mar low C = 14.3
|Mar low C = 14.0
|Apr low C = 18.4
|Apr low C = 18.4
|May low C = 21.9
|May low C = 21.7
|Jun low C = 24.3
|Jun low C = 24.0
|Jul low C = 25.1
|Jul low C = 25.0
|Aug low C = 24.9
|Aug low C = 24.8
|Sep low C = 23.4
|Sep low C = 23.2
|Oct low C = 19.5
|Oct low C = 19.6
|Nov low C = 15.0
|Nov low C = 14.3
|Dec low C = 10.1
⚫
|Dec low C = 9.6
|Jan record high C = 29.5 |Jan record low C = -2.0
|Jan record high C = 29.5 |Jan record low C = -2.0
|Feb record high C = 33.0 |Feb record low C = 0.1
|Feb record high C = 33.0 |Feb record low C = -1.4
|Mar record high C = 33.4 |Mar record low C = 0.3
|Mar record high C = 33.4 |Mar record low C = 0.3
|Apr record high C = 36.0 |Apr record low C = 8.3
|Apr record high C = 36.0 |Apr record low C = 7.6
|May record high C = 37.2 |May record low C = 13.8
|May record high C = 37.4 |May record low C = 13.4
|Jun record high C = 38.4 |Jun record low C = 17.6
|Jun record high C = 38.4 |Jun record low C = 17.6
|Jul record high C = 39.5 |Jul record low C = 20.5
|Jul record high C = 39.5 |Jul record low C = 20.5
|Aug record high C = 38.6 |Aug record low C = 21.8
|Aug record high C = 38.6 |Aug record low C = 19.9
|Sep record high C = 38.0 |Sep record low C = 15.1
|Sep record high C = 38.0 |Sep record low C = 15.1
|Oct record high C = 35.8 |Oct record low C = 8.5
|Oct record high C = 36.3 |Oct record low C = 5.0
|Nov record high C = 34.8 |Nov record low C = 2.6
|Nov record high C = 34.8 |Nov record low C = 0.4
|Dec record high C = 30.2 |Dec record low C = -2.9
|Dec record high C = 30.2 |Dec record low C = -3.3
|year high C= |year low C=
|year high C= |year low C=
|year high F = |year low F =
|year high F = |year low F =
|precipitation colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 45.2
|Jan precipitation mm = 55.8
|Feb precipitation mm = 102.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 75.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 149.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 142.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 202.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 180.8
|May precipitation mm = 183.5
|May precipitation mm = 199.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 225.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 238.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 160.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 151.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 203.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 207.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 122.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 112.7
|Oct precipitation mm = 31.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 36.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 38.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 42.6
|Dec precipitation mm = 35.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 43.0
|Jan humidity = 75
|Jan humidity = 74
|Feb humidity = 78
|Feb humidity = 76
|Mar humidity = 79
|Mar humidity = 78
|Apr humidity = 80
|Apr humidity = 78
|May humidity = 79
|May humidity = 78
|Jun humidity = 81
|Jun humidity = 80
|Jul humidity = 76
|Jul humidity = 75
|Aug humidity = 78
|Aug humidity = 78
|Sep humidity = 77
|Sep humidity = 76
|Oct humidity = 72
|Oct humidity = 71
|Nov humidity = 71
|Nov humidity = 72
|Dec humidity = 73
|Dec humidity = 72
|unit rain days = 0.1 mm
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan rain days = 8.2
|Jan precipitation days = 7.5
|Feb rain days = 12.1
|Feb precipitation days = 10.4
|Mar rain days = 16.0
|Mar precipitation days = 14.6
|Apr rain days = 16.5
|Apr precipitation days = 14.7
|May rain days = 18.7
|May precipitation days = 16.5
|Jun rain days = 18.0
|Jun precipitation days = 18.0
|Jul rain days = 14.5
|Jul precipitation days = 14.8
|Aug rain days = 16.6
|Aug precipitation days = 17.4
|Sep rain days = 12.9
|Sep precipitation days = 12.0
|Oct rain days = 6.2
|Oct precipitation days = 4.7
|Nov rain days = 5.2
|Nov precipitation days = 5.3
|Dec rain days = 5.6
|Dec precipitation days = 6.3
|year precipitation days =
|source 1 = [http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html China Meteorological Data Service Center]
|Jan sun = 123.8
⚫
|source 2 = [http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101280401.shtml? Weather China] (precipitation days 1971&ndash;2000)
|Feb sun = 102.6
|Mar sun = 96.6
|Apr sun = 109.2
|May sun = 134.5
|Jun sun = 152.1
|Jul sun = 217.3
|Aug sun = 197.4
|Sep sun = 185.9
|Oct sun = 186.1
|Nov sun = 161.3
⚫
|Dec sun = 144.2
|year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 37
| Feb percentsun = 32
| Mar percentsun = 26
| Apr percentsun = 29
| May percentsun = 33
| Jun percentsun = 37
| Jul percentsun = 52
| Aug percentsun = 49
| Sep percentsun = 51
| Oct percentsun = 52
| Nov percentsun = 49
| Dec percentsun = 44
| year percentsun =
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 May 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather China<ref name = Clim>{{cite web
⚫
| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101280401.shtml?
| script-title=zh:梅州 – 气象数据 -中国天气网
| publisher = Weather China
| language = zh
| access-date = 27 November 2022}}</ref>
}}
}}


==Administration==
==Administration==


The municipal government, [[Intermediate people's court|Intermediate Court]], [[Communist Party of China|CPC]] office and [[Public Security Bureau]] are located in the [[Jiangnan Subdistrict, Meizhou|Jiangnan Subdistrict]] of the [[Meijiang District]], on the right bank of [[Mei River]].
The municipal government, [[Intermediate people's court|Intermediate Court]], [[Communist Party of China|CPC]] office and [[Public security bureau (China)|Public Security Bureau]] are located in the [[Jiangnan Subdistrict, Meizhou|Jiangnan Subdistrict]] of the [[Meijiang District]], on the right bank of [[Mei River]].
<!---
<!---
*A second district of Meizhou is [[Jiangbei District, Meizhou|Jiangbei (江北)]], on the left bank. The two urban areas are joined by many road and foot bridges.
*A second district of Meizhou is [[Jiangbei District, Meizhou|Jiangbei (江北)]], on the left bank. The two urban areas are joined by many road and foot bridges.
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{{Image label|x=370|y=120|scale=450/750|text=[[Jiaoling County|'''Jiaoling<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=370|y=120|scale=450/750|text=[[Jiaoling County|'''Jiaoling<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=540|y=300|scale=450/750|text=[[Dabu County|'''Dabu<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=540|y=300|scale=450/750|text=[[Dabu County|'''Dabu<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
</div>
|-
|-
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==Economy==
==Economy==
Meizhou is rich in mineral and tourism resources. It has 48 kinds of minerals including coal, iron, limestone, rare clay and porcelain clay amongst others. Of these reserves manganese is ranked first in Guangdong Province. Meizhou has plenty of water resources, hot springs and certified mineral waters. There are tourism resources such as cultural historic sites constructed during the [[Tang Dynasty]], former residences of notable figures, natural scenery of all kinds, and unique Hakka cultural sights.<ref name="gddoftec">{{cite web
Meizhou is rich in mineral and tourism resources. It has 48 kinds of minerals including coal, iron, limestone, rare clay and porcelain clay amongst others. Of these reserves manganese is ranked first in Guangdong Province. Meizhou has plenty of water resources, hot springs and certified mineral waters. There are tourism resources such as cultural historic sites constructed during the [[Tang dynasty]], former residences of notable figures, natural scenery of all kinds, and unique Hakka cultural sights.<ref name="gddoftec">{{cite web
|title=Investment Environment
|title=Investment Environment
|url=http://www.gddoftec.gov.cn/sq/en/tz_mz.html
|url=http://www.gddoftec.gov.cn/sq/en/tz_mz.html
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==Transport==
==Transport==
Meizhou is a communication hub for the three provinces of Guangdong, [[Fujian]], and [[Jiangxi]] and the bridge connecting the coastal and the inland areas. State Highways 205 and 206 run across the city. Expressways, state, provincial county and village highways extend to all parts.
Meizhou is a communication hub for the three provinces of Guangdong, [[Fujian]], and [[Jiangxi]] and the bridge connecting the coastal and the inland areas. State Highways 205 and 206 run across the city. Expressways, state, provincial county and village highways extend to all parts.


In 2019 the city became the terminus for the [[Meizhou–Chaoshan high-speed railway]] which opened a new station at {{rws|Meizhou West}} providing high-speed rail links to [[Guangzhou]], [[Zhuhai]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Shantou]], [[Chaoshan]], [[Yichang]] and [[Xiamen]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meizhou West Station Departure Info |url=http://cnrail.geogv.org/enus/departure-list/89610054 |website=China Rail Map |access-date=25 October 2019}}</ref> The [[Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway]] and [[Meizhou-Kanshi Railway]] use Meizhou railway station in the city providing regular rail connections to [[Guangzhou]], [[Xiamen]], [[Shantou]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Dabu County|Dapu]], [[Wuchang]] and [[Kunming]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meizhou Station Departure Info |url=http://cnrail.geogv.org/enus/departure-list/4820708 |website=China Rail Map |access-date=25 October 2019}}</ref>
In 2019 the city became the terminus for the [[Meizhou–Chaoshan high-speed railway]] which opened a new station at {{rws|Meizhou West}} providing high-speed rail links to [[Guangzhou]], [[Zhuhai]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Shantou]], [[Chaoshan]], [[Yichang]] and [[Xiamen]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meizhou West Station Departure Info |url=http://cnrail.geogv.org/enus/departure-list/89610054 |website=China Rail Map |access-date=25 October 2019}}</ref> The [[Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway]] and [[Meizhou-Kanshi Railway]] use Meizhou railway station in the city providing regular rail connections to [[Guangzhou]], [[Xiamen]], [[Shantou]], [[Shenzhen]], [[Dabu County|Dapu]], [[Wuchang]] and [[Kunming]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Meizhou Station Departure Info |url=http://cnrail.geogv.org/enus/departure-list/4820708 |website=China Rail Map |access-date=25 October 2019}}</ref>


The city is served by the regional [[Meixian Airport]], with regular air routes to [[Guangzhou]] and [[Hong Kong]].
The city is served by the regional [[Meizhou Meixian Airport]], with regular air routes to [[Guangzhou]] and [[Hong Kong]].
By water, the [[Mei River]] and Han River reach [[Chaozhou]] and [[Shantou]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.getgd.net/gd_city/meizou/mzintr.e.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822120202/http://www.getgd.net/gd_city/meizou/mzintr.e.html|title=Meizhou City - Transport|archive-date=2006-08-22}}</ref>
By water, the [[Mei River]] and Han River reach [[Chaozhou]] and [[Shantou]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.getgd.net/gd_city/meizou/mzintr.e.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822120202/http://www.getgd.net/gd_city/meizou/mzintr.e.html|title=Meizhou City – Transport|archive-date=2006-08-22}}</ref>
[[Image:Meijiang River Night Scene.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A view of the Mei River in Meizhou at night]]
[[Image:Meijiang River Night Scene.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A view of the Mei River in Meizhou at night]]


==Culture==
==Culture==
Meizhou is considered the center for standard [[Hakka dialect]], along with the neighboring [[Mei County, Guangdong|Mei County]] and [[Dabu County]].<ref>Far East Society</ref>
The [[Meixian dialect]] is considered the standard [[Hakka dialect]], along with the neighboring [[Mei County, Guangdong|Mei County]] and [[Dabu County]].<ref>Far East Society</ref>


Hakkas are a unique ethnic group of [[Han Chinese]] originally from around the [[Yellow River]] area, who later migrated south to avoid the chaos of war centuries ago. Due to hostility towards the new immigrants, many were forced into the mountainous regions of Guangdong Province. This migratory tradition has continued with the redistribution of Hakka people to the most remote parts of the world. Many people in Meizhou emigrated during the last century to earn money for their families, with some returning to build in their hometowns.
[[Hakka people]] are a unique ethnic group of [[Han Chinese]] originally from around the [[Yellow River]] area, who later migrated south to avoid the chaos of war centuries ago. Due to hostility towards the new immigrants, many were forced into the mountainous regions of Guangdong Province. This migratory tradition has continued with the redistribution of Hakka people to the most remote parts of the world. Many people in Meizhou emigrated during the last century to earn money for their families, with some returning to build in their hometowns.


Many buildings are named after famous people in Meizhou, built by returning Hakkas.
Many buildings are named after famous people in Meizhou, built by returning Hakkas.
Line 379: Line 414:


==Education==
==Education==
Education in Meizhou has been highly valued since ancient times. The city is home to [[Jiaying University]], a local university which also attracts students from other provinces. The university is also known for its research into [[Hakka]] culture.
Education in Meizhou has been highly valued since ancient times. The city is home to [[Jiaying University]], a local university which also attracts Hakka students from other provinces. The university is also known for its research into [[Hakka]] culture.


==Food==
==Food==
Line 385: Line 420:
[[Image:Citrus maxima0.jpg|right|thumb|130px|Pomelos]]
[[Image:Citrus maxima0.jpg|right|thumb|130px|Pomelos]]
[[Image:Saltchicken.jpg|right|130px|thumb|Salt baked chicken]]
[[Image:Saltchicken.jpg|right|130px|thumb|Salt baked chicken]]
[[Salt baked chicken]] is among the most well-known [[Hakka cuisine|Hakka dishes]], found also in many other cities. Another local dish is [[Yong tau foo]] (stuffed [[tofu]]). It is said that when Hakka people first came south, there was no wheat flour for dumplings. So they substituted tofu. Meat based fillings give a special taste that became a feature of Hakka cuisine. Preserved beef and ginger candies are also locally popular.
[[Salt baked chicken]] is among the most well-known [[Hakka cuisine|Hakka dishes]], found also in many other cities. Another local dish is [[Yong tau foo]] (stuffed [[tofu]]). It is said that when Hakka people first came south, there was no wheat flour for dumplings. So they substituted tofu. Meat based fillings give a special taste that became a feature of Hakka cuisine. Preserved beef and ginger candies are also locally popular.


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
*Low Lan Pak, founder of the [[Lanfang Republic]].
*Low Lan Pak, founder of the [[Lanfang Republic]].
*[[Tjong Yong Hian]] (1850–1911), Chinese Hakka kapitan governor of [[Medan]].
*[[Yang Fuqing]], [[Taiping Rebellion|rebel]] leader and [[Triad (organized crime)|Triad]] mobster
*[[Tjong A Fie]] (1860{{ndash}}1921), [[Hakka Chinese people|Hakka Chinese]] businessman, banker and [[Kapitan Cina|kapitan]] (Chinese major) who built a large plantation business in [[Sumatra, Indonesia]] (born in [[Meixian District]] and based in Sumatra, Indonesia).
*[[Tjong A Fie]] (1860{{ndash}}1921), [[Hakka Chinese people|Hakka Chinese]] businessman, banker and [[Kapitan Cina|kapitan]] (Chinese major) who built a large plantation business in [[Sumatra, Indonesia]].
*[[Huang Zunxian]] (1848{{ndash}}1905), diplomat and reformer
*[[Huang Zunxian]] (1848{{ndash}}1905), diplomat and reformer
⚫
*[[Xie Jinyuan]] (1905{{ndash}}1941), [[Kuomintang|Chinese Nationalist]] military officer famous for commanding the [[Defense of Sihang Warehouse]] during the [[Battle of Shanghai]] in the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].
* [[Cheung Wut-hoi]], Hongkonger tailor specialised in suits, father of [[Leslie Cheung]].
⚫
*[[Seng Saekhu]] (c. 1840s{{ndash}}unknown), [[Thai Chinese]] [[Farm (revenue leasing)|tax farmer]], the patriarch of the [[Shinawatra family|Shinawatra clan]] and the great-grandfather of [[Thaksin Shinawatra]] ([[Thailand|Thai]] businessman, politician, visiting professor and former [[Prime Minister of Thailand]]) and [[Yingluck Shinawatra]] (Thai businesswoman, politician, member of the [[Pheu Thai Party]] and [[Thailand]]'s first female Prime Minister).
*[[Francis Xavier Ford]] (1892{{ndash}}1952), first Catholic bishop of Meizhou (Kaying)
*[[Francis Xavier Ford]] (1892{{ndash}}1952), first Catholic bishop of Meizhou (Kaying)
⚫
*[[Xie Jinyuan]] (1905{{ndash}}1941), [[Kuomintang|Chinese Nationalist]] military officer famous for commanding the [[Defense of Sihang Warehouse]] during the [[Battle of Shanghai]] in the [[Second World War]].
⚫
*[[Seng Saekhu]] ({{circa|1840s}}{{ndash}}unknown), [[Thai Chinese]] [[Farm (revenue leasing)|tax farmer]], the patriarch of the [[Shinawatra family|Shinawatra clan]] and the great-grandfather of [[Thaksin Shinawatra]] ([[Thailand|Thai]] businessman, politician, visiting professor and former [[Prime Minister of Thailand]]) and [[Yingluck Shinawatra]] (Thai businesswoman, politician, member of the [[Pheu Thai Party]] and [[Thailand]]'s first female prime minister).
*[[Ye Jianying]] (1897{{ndash}}1986), Chinese military general
*[[Ye Jianying]] (1897{{ndash}}1986), Chinese military general
*[[Lin Fengmian]] (1900{{ndash}}1991), painter
*[[Lin Fengmian]] (1900{{ndash}}1991), painter
*[[Li Huitang|Lee Wai Tong]] (1905{{ndash}}1979), Chinese footballer
*[[Li Huitang|Lee Wai Tong]] (1905{{ndash}}1979), Chinese footballer
*[[Arthur Chung]] (1918{{ndash}}2008), 1st President of Guyana
*[[Liu Fuzhi]] (1917{{ndash}}2013), Chinese politician
*[[Liu Fuzhi]] (1917{{ndash}}2013), Chinese politician
*[[Leslie Cheung]] (1956{{ndash}}2003), Hong Kong [[Cantopop]] singer
*[[Zhu Fenglian]] (1977), spokesperson of the [[Taiwan Affairs Office]]
*[[Chen Qiqiu]] (1978), former badminton player and currently a coach
*[[Liu Xijun]] (1988), singer
*[[Jana Chen]] (1989), singer
*[[Jana Chen]] (1989), singer
*[[Nathan Tjoe-A-On]] (2001), Indonesian footballer of Hakka ancestry


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
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==References==
==References==
⚫
{{Commons category|Meizhou}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
⚫
{{Commons category|Meizhou}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230175722/http://www.meizhou.gov.cn/ Official Meizhou Government website.]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230175722/http://www.meizhou.gov.cn/ Official Meizhou Government website.]


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[[Category:Meizhou| ]]
[[Category:Meizhou| ]]
[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Guangdong]]

Latest revision as of 10:40, 24 September 2024

For the island in Fujian province, see Meizhou Island. For other uses, see Meizhou (disambiguation).
"Jiaying" redirects here. For the Marvel character, see Jiaying (Marvel Cinematic Universe). For the prefecture-level city bordering Meizhou, see Jieyang.
Meizhou
梅州市
Mòichû
Prefecture-level city
Buddhist Pagoda in Meizhou
Xing Ning Street
From top, left to right: Meizhou Confucian Temple [zh], Meizhou Buddhist Pagoda [zh], Meizhou Dongshan Shuyuan [zh], Paifang in Dabu County, Xing Ning Street.
Nickname: 
Kezhou (客州)
Motto: 
Capital of Hakkas in the World
Map
Location of Meizhou in Guangdong
Location of Meizhou in Guangdong
Coordinates (Meizhou municipal government): 24°17′20″N 116°07′19″E / 24.289°N 116.122°E / 24.289; 116.122
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceGuangdong
Municipal seatMeijiang District
Area
 • Prefecture-level city15,864.51 km2 (6,125.32 sq mi)
 • Urban
3,047.5 km2 (1,176.6 sq mi)
 • Metro
3,047.5 km2 (1,176.6 sq mi)
Elevation
96 m (315 ft)
Population
 (2020 census[1])
 • Prefecture-level city3,873,239
 • Density240/km2 (630/sq mi)
 • Urban
992,351
 • Urban density330/km2 (840/sq mi)
 • Metro
992,351
 • Metro density330/km2 (840/sq mi)
 • Major Nationalities
Han
GDP[2]
 • Prefecture-level cityCN¥ 130.8 billion
US$ 20.3 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 33,764
US$ 5,234
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal Code
514000
Area code753
ISO 3166 codeCN-GD-14
License Plate Prefix粤M
LanguagesStandard Chinese (official); Hakka (regional)
Websitewww.meizhou.gov.cn (in Chinese)
Meizhou
"Meizhou", as written in Chinese
Chinese梅州
HakkaMòi-chû
PostalMeichow (present)
Meihsien (former)
Kaying (former; pre-1912)
Literal meaningPlum/prune Prefecture
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinMéizhōu
Hakka
RomanizationMòi-chû
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationMùihjāu
JyutpingMui4 zau1

Meizhou (Chinese: 梅州, Hakka Chinese: Mòichû) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong province, China. It has an area of 15,864.51 km2 (6,125.32 sq mi), and a population of 3,873,239 as of the 2020 census. It comprises Meijiang District, Meixian District, Xingning City and five counties. Its built-up or metro area made up of two urban districts was home to 992,351 inhabitants.[3]

History

[edit]

Neolithic age stone tools and pottery have been discovered in dozens of places in the Meixian district of Meizhou. Ancient kiln sites from the Western Zhou dynasty and bells from the Warring States period were also found. Before the Qin dynasty, Meizhou was under Nanyue rule. After Qin unified the Nanyue, Meizhou was belonged to Nanhai Commandery.

The original name of Meizhou was Chengxiang (程乡), established under the prefecture of Jingzhou during the Southern Han (917–971). The name was changed to Meizhou at the 10th century and Jiaying Prefecture at the 15th century. After 1912, it was changed back to Meizhou, the name comes from the Mei River and the Chinese name for the plum blossom (梅; méi).[4] After several subsequent shifts of jurisdiction, it became Meizhou City in 1988. Meizhou is now a noted historical and cultural city.[5]

Geography and climate

[edit]

Meizhou is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province, bordering Fujian Province in the northeast and Jiangxi Province in the northwest. The complex geological structure was formed mainly from granite, spouting rocks, metamorphic rock, shale, sandstone, red rock and limestone.Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 23° 23' to 24° 56' N and in longitude from 115° 18' to 116° 56' E, covering an area of 15,836 km2 (6,114 sq mi).[6]

Meizhou has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with short, mild, overcast winters and long, very hot, humid summers. The monthly daily average temperature in January is 12.6 °C (54.7 °F), and in July is 28.9 °C (84.0 °F). From April to June, rainfall is the heaviest and most frequent. Though striking typhoons do not affect the area as much as the coast, the mountainous topography means that flooding is a serious concern.

Climate data for Meizhou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 29.5
(85.1) 		33.0
(91.4) 		33.4
(92.1) 		36.0
(96.8) 		37.4
(99.3) 		38.4
(101.1) 		39.5
(103.1) 		38.6
(101.5) 		38.0
(100.4) 		36.3
(97.3) 		34.8
(94.6) 		30.2
(86.4) 		39.5
(103.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 18.5
(65.3) 		20.2
(68.4) 		22.9
(73.2) 		27.0
(80.6) 		30.3
(86.5) 		32.4
(90.3) 		34.3
(93.7) 		33.8
(92.8) 		32.4
(90.3) 		29.3
(84.7) 		25.2
(77.4) 		20.2
(68.4) 		27.2
(81.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.7
(54.9) 		14.8
(58.6) 		17.8
(64.0) 		22.0
(71.6) 		25.4
(77.7) 		27.5
(81.5) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.1
(80.8) 		23.7
(74.7) 		19.1
(66.4) 		14.1
(57.4) 		21.8
(71.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8.9
(48.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		14.3
(57.7) 		18.4
(65.1) 		21.9
(71.4) 		24.3
(75.7) 		25.1
(77.2) 		24.9
(76.8) 		23.4
(74.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		15.0
(59.0) 		10.1
(50.2) 		18.1
(64.5)
Record low °C (°F) −2.0
(28.4) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		0.3
(32.5) 		7.6
(45.7) 		13.4
(56.1) 		17.6
(63.7) 		20.5
(68.9) 		19.9
(67.8) 		15.1
(59.2) 		5.0
(41.0) 		0.4
(32.7) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		−3.3
(26.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 55.8
(2.20) 		75.4
(2.97) 		142.2
(5.60) 		180.8
(7.12) 		199.6
(7.86) 		238.3
(9.38) 		151.2
(5.95) 		207.8
(8.18) 		112.7
(4.44) 		36.1
(1.42) 		42.6
(1.68) 		43.0
(1.69) 		1,485.5
(58.49)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 7.5 10.4 14.6 14.7 16.5 18.0 14.8 17.4 12.0 4.7 5.3 6.3 142.2
Average relative humidity (%) 74 76 78 78 78 80 75 78 76 71 72 72 76
Mean monthly sunshine hours 123.8 102.6 96.6 109.2 134.5 152.1 217.3 197.4 185.9 186.1 161.3 144.2 1,811
Percent possible sunshine 37 32 26 29 33 37 52 49 51 52 49 44 41
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[7][8]
Source 2: Weather China[9]

Administration

[edit]

The municipal government, Intermediate Court, CPC office and Public Security Bureau are located in the Jiangnan Subdistrict of the Meijiang District, on the right bank of Mei River.

Map
Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Population
(2010 census) 		Area
(km2) 		Density
(/km2)
Meijiang District 梅江区 Méijiāng Qū 380,771 570.62 667
Meixian District 梅县区 Méixiàn Qū 554,745 2,476.87 224
Dabu County 大埔县 Dàbù Xiàn 374,666 2,461.82 152
Fengshun County 丰顺县 Fēngshùn Xiàn 478,974 2,706.34 177
Wuhua County 五华县 Wǔhuá Xiàn 1,050,528 3,237.83 324
Pingyuan County 平远县 Píngyuǎn Xiàn 230,045 1,373.98 167
Jiaoling County 蕉岭县 Jiāolǐng Xiàn 205,849 961.64 214
Xingning 兴宁市 Xīngníng Shì 962,883 2,075.39 464

Economy

[edit]

Meizhou is rich in mineral and tourism resources. It has 48 kinds of minerals including coal, iron, limestone, rare clay and porcelain clay amongst others. Of these reserves manganese is ranked first in Guangdong Province. Meizhou has plenty of water resources, hot springs and certified mineral waters. There are tourism resources such as cultural historic sites constructed during the Tang dynasty, former residences of notable figures, natural scenery of all kinds, and unique Hakka cultural sights.[10]

Transport

[edit]

Meizhou is a communication hub for the three provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, and Jiangxi and the bridge connecting the coastal and the inland areas. State Highways 205 and 206 run across the city. Expressways, state, provincial county and village highways extend to all parts.

In 2019 the city became the terminus for the Meizhou–Chaoshan high-speed railway which opened a new station at Meizhou West providing high-speed rail links to Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Shenzhen, Shantou, Chaoshan, Yichang and Xiamen.[11] The Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway and Meizhou-Kanshi Railway use Meizhou railway station in the city providing regular rail connections to Guangzhou, Xiamen, Shantou, Shenzhen, Dapu, Wuchang and Kunming.[12]

The city is served by the regional Meizhou Meixian Airport, with regular air routes to Guangzhou and Hong Kong. By water, the Mei River and Han River reach Chaozhou and Shantou.[13]

A view of the Mei River in Meizhou at night

Culture

[edit]

The Meixian dialect is considered the standard Hakka dialect, along with the neighboring Mei County and Dabu County.[14]

Hakka people are a unique ethnic group of Han Chinese originally from around the Yellow River area, who later migrated south to avoid the chaos of war centuries ago. Due to hostility towards the new immigrants, many were forced into the mountainous regions of Guangdong Province. This migratory tradition has continued with the redistribution of Hakka people to the most remote parts of the world. Many people in Meizhou emigrated during the last century to earn money for their families, with some returning to build in their hometowns.

Many buildings are named after famous people in Meizhou, built by returning Hakkas.

Because of its mountainous location, Meizhou has numerous natural scenic areas and good air quality. Many visitors come to the Yannanfei Tea Garden to climb the mountain.

Education

[edit]

Education in Meizhou has been highly valued since ancient times. The city is home to Jiaying University, a local university which also attracts Hakka students from other provinces. The university is also known for its research into Hakka culture.

Food

[edit]

During the period after August or September, a sea of pomelos can be seen, especially in village orchards.

Pomelos
Salt baked chicken

Salt baked chicken is among the most well-known Hakka dishes, found also in many other cities. Another local dish is Yong tau foo (stuffed tofu). It is said that when Hakka people first came south, there was no wheat flour for dumplings. So they substituted tofu. Meat based fillings give a special taste that became a feature of Hakka cuisine. Preserved beef and ginger candies are also locally popular.

Notable people

[edit]
[edit]
  • Jiaying University, Meizhou - New Century Square (located in the center of the main campus)
    Jiaying University, Meizhou - New Century Square (located in the center of the main campus)
  • Youluo Street, Meizhou
    Youluo Street, Meizhou
  • Meizhou rice paddy
    Meizhou rice paddy
  • Meizhou street corner.
    Meizhou street corner.
  • Meizhou Jiang Nan Rd.
    Meizhou Jiang Nan Rd.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  2. ^ 广东省统计局、国家统计局广东调查总队 (August 2016). 《广东统计年鉴－2016》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7837-7. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22.
  3. ^ "China: Guăngdōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  4. ^ Origin of the name Meizhou Archived 2013-11-04 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Ministry of Culture, P.R.China. "Meizhou Travel and culture". chinaculture.org. Archived from the original on 2006-12-12. Retrieved 2006-12-27.
  6. ^ "Meizhou Geography". meizhou.gov.cn.
  7. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  8. ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  9. ^ 梅州 – 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  10. ^ "Investment Environment". Archived from the original on 2006-10-14. Retrieved 2006-12-27.
  11. ^ "Meizhou West Station Departure Info". China Rail Map. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  12. ^ "Meizhou Station Departure Info". China Rail Map. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  13. ^ "Meizhou City – Transport". Archived from the original on 2006-08-22.
  14. ^ Far East Society
[edit]
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