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{{short description|Tenth sultan of Yogyakarta}}
{{short description|Sultan of Yogyakarta since 1988}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
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| termstart = 3 October 1998
| termstart = 3 October 1998
| termend =
| termend =
| vicegovernor = {{ubl|[[Paku Alam IX]]|[[Paku Alam X]]}}
| vicegovernor = {{ubl|[[Paku Alam IX]]<br>(2002–2015)|[[Paku Alam X]]<br>(since 2016)}}
| predecessor = [[Paku Alam VIII]]
| predecessor = [[Paku Alam VIII]]
| successor = }}
| successor = }}
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| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1946|04|02}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1946|04|02}}
| birth_place = [[Yogyakarta]], Indonesia
| birth_place = [[Yogyakarta]], Indonesia
| spouse = [[Ratu Hemas|Queen Hemas]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Ratu Hemas|Queen Hemas]]|1971}}
| issue = {{ubl|[[Princess Mangkubumi|Crown Princess Mangkubumi]]|[[Princess Candrakirana]]|[[Princess Maduretno]]|[[Princess Hayu]]|[[Princess Bendara of Yogyakarta|Princess Bendara]]}}
| issue = {{ubl|[[Princess Mangkubumi|Crown Princess Mangkubumi]]|Princess Candrakirana|Princess Maduretno|[[Princess Hayu]]|Princess Bendara}}
| full name = Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Sri Sultan Hamengkubawana Ingkang Jumeneng Kasepuluh Suryaning Mataram Senapati Ing Ngalaga Langgenging Bawana Langgeng Langgenging Tata Panatagama Ing Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat
| full name = Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Sri Sultan Hamengkubawana Ingkang Jumeneng Kasepuluh Suryaning Mataram Senapati Ing Ngalaga Langgenging Bawana Langgeng Langgenging Tata Panatagama Ing Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat
| house = [[Hamengkubuwono]]
| house = [[Hamengkubuwono]]
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[[Shri#South and Southeast Asia|Sri]] [[Sultan]] '''Hamengkubawono X''' ([[Javanese script|Hanacaraka]]: {{lang|jv-Java|ꦯꦿꦶꦯꦸꦭ꧀ꦡꦟ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦑꦸꦨꦮꦟ꧇꧑꧐꧇}}, also spelled as '''Hamengkubawana X''', often abbreviated as '''HB X'''; born '''Bendara Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito''', 2 April 1946) is the [[Sultan]] of the historic [[Yogyakarta Sultanate]] in [[Indonesia]] and is currently also the [[Governor]] of the modern [[Yogyakarta Special Region]] ({{lang|id|Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta}}).<ref name="prov">{{cite web|url=https://jogjaprov.go.id/profil/9-profil-gubernur-diy|access-date=2021-12-22|title=Profil Gubernur DIY|website=jogyaprov.go.id|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222012240/https://jogjaprov.go.id/profil/9-profil-gubernur-diy|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[Shri#South and Southeast Asia|Sri]] [[Sultan]] '''Hamengkubawono X''' ([[Javanese script|Hanacaraka]]: {{lang|jv-Java|ꦯꦿꦶꦯꦸꦭ꧀ꦡꦟ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦑꦸꦨꦮꦟ꧇꧑꧐꧇}}, also spelled as '''Hamengkubawana X''', often abbreviated as '''HB X'''; born '''Bendara Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito''', 2 April 1946) is the [[Sultan]] of the historic [[Yogyakarta Sultanate]] in [[Indonesia]] and is currently also the [[Governor]] of the modern [[Yogyakarta Special Region]] ({{lang|id|Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta}}).<ref name="prov">{{cite web|url=https://jogjaprov.go.id/profil/9-profil-gubernur-diy|access-date=2021-12-22|title=Profil Gubernur DIY|website=jogyaprov.go.id|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222012240/https://jogjaprov.go.id/profil/9-profil-gubernur-diy|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Hamengkubawono X succeeded his father, [[Hamengkubuwono IX]] as the Sultan of Yogyakarta when Hamengkubuwono IX died on 3 October 1988. Hamengkubuwono X was formally installed as Sultan on 7 March 1989. However, the position of the Governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region did not go to Hamengkubuwono X. Vice Governor [[Sri Paku Alam VIII]], prince of the subordinate enclave of [[Paku Alaman]] within Yogyakarta was instead controversially elevated to the position of governor. This was contrary to the agreement made at the independence of Indonesia in recognition of Hamengkubuwono IX's support and role in the [[Indonesian National Revolution|Indonesian War of Independence]]. Under the agreement, the Sultan holds the position of governor in the Yogyakarta Special Region, and the Paku Alam holds the position of vice governor.
Hamengkubawono X succeeded his father, [[Hamengkubuwono IX]], as the Sultan of Yogyakarta when Hamengkubuwono IX died on 3 October 1988. Hamengkubuwono X was formally installed as Sultan on 7 March 1989. However, the position of the Governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region did not go to Hamengkubuwono X. Vice Governor [[Sri Paku Alam VIII]], prince of the subordinate enclave of [[Paku Alaman]] within Yogyakarta was instead controversially elevated to the position of governor. This was contrary to the agreement made at the independence of Indonesia in recognition of Hamengkubuwono IX's support and role in the [[Indonesian National Revolution|Indonesian War of Independence]]. Under the agreement, the Sultan holds the position of governor in the Yogyakarta Special Region, and the Paku Alam holds the position of vice governor.


On 30 August 2012, following a decade of talks between Yogyakarta and the central government, the [[People's Consultative Assembly|national legislature of Indonesia]] formally enshrined in law the convention that the Sultan inherited the position of governor.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/2012/09/yogyakartas-sultans |title= Yogyakarta's sultans – Carrying on|last1= N.O. |date=2012-09-06 |newspaper=[[The Economist]]|access-date=2014-12-08}}</ref>
On 30 August 2012, following a decade of talks between Yogyakarta and the central government, the [[People's Consultative Assembly|national legislature of Indonesia]] formally enshrined in law the convention that the Sultan inherited the position of governor.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/2012/09/yogyakartas-sultans |title= Yogyakarta's sultans – Carrying on|last1= N.O. |date=2012-09-06 |newspaper=[[The Economist]]|access-date=2014-12-08}}</ref>


==Background==
==Background==
Hamengkubuwono X was a graduate of Public Administration at the Faculty of Law of [[Gadjah Mada University]] in [[Yogyakarta (city)|Yogyakarta]].<ref name="prov"/> He was active as Chairman of the [[Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry]] of the Special Region of Yogyakarta,<ref name="prov"/> Chairman of the Sports Committee of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, chairman and managing director of PT Punokawan Construction,<ref name="prov"/> President of the PG Madukismo Commissioner, and in July 1996 was appointed Chairman of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Expert Counsel to the Governor.
Hamengkubuwono X was a graduate of Public Administration at the [[Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University|Faculty of Law]] of [[Gadjah Mada University]] in [[Yogyakarta (city)|Yogyakarta]].<ref name="prov"/> He was active as Chairman of the [[Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry]] of the Special Region of Yogyakarta,<ref name="prov"/> Chairman of the Sports Committee of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, chairman and managing director of PT Punokawan Construction,<ref name="prov"/> President of the PG Madukismo Commissioner, and in July 1996 was appointed Chairman of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Expert Counsel to the Governor.


Hamengkubuwono X followed the tradition of his late father Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX in the spirit of Indonesian nationalism over self-interest by participating in street protests in support of the [[May 1998 riots of Indonesia|May 1998 student demonstrations]] opposing [[New Order (Indonesia)|Suharto's rule]], and like his illustrious father, wanted to be a pioneer in the Yogyakarta Reformation Movement albeit in a non-violent manner. He was also one of the four key figures in the early reform period that sparked the Ciganjur Declaration urging the government to hold elections as soon as possible, because President [[BJ Habibie]] had neither [[constitutional]] nor legal rights to take over the presidency of Suharto who had just resigned.
Hamengkubuwono X followed the tradition of his late father Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX in the spirit of Indonesian nationalism over self-interest by participating in street protests in support of the [[May 1998 riots of Indonesia|May 1998 student demonstrations]] opposing [[New Order (Indonesia)|Suharto's rule]], and like his illustrious father, wanted to be a pioneer in the Yogyakarta Reformation Movement albeit in a non-violent manner. He was also one of the four key figures in the early reform period that sparked the Ciganjur Declaration urging the government to hold elections as soon as possible, because President [[BJ Habibie]] had neither [[constitutional]] nor legal rights to take over the presidency of Suharto who had just resigned.
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His style and title in full English : '''''His Majesty The Sultan Hamengkubuwono the Tenth, Commander-in-chief in war, Servant of the Most Gracious, Cleric and Caliph that Safeguards the Religion'''''<ref name="Deplu 1968">{{cite book |last1=Indonesia Departemen Luar Negeri Direktorat |title=Documenta diplomatica |date=1968 |publisher=Departemen Luar Negeri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_UA8AAAAMAAJ&q=%22his+highness+sri+sultan%22 |accessdate=17 September 2018 |language=id}}</ref><!-- defined by:Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family --><ref name="Overseas trading 1971">{{cite book |title=Overseas Trading |date=1971 |publisher=Department of Commerce and Agriculture. |location=Australia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qlbyAAAAMAAJ&q=%22his+highness+sri+sultan%22 |accessdate=17 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref><!-- defined by:Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family -->
His style and title in full English : '''''His Majesty The Sultan Hamengkubuwono the Tenth, Commander-in-chief in war, Servant of the Most Gracious, Cleric and Caliph that Safeguards the Religion'''''<ref name="Deplu 1968">{{cite book |last1=Indonesia Departemen Luar Negeri Direktorat |title=Documenta diplomatica |date=1968 |publisher=Departemen Luar Negeri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_UA8AAAAMAAJ&q=%22his+highness+sri+sultan%22 |accessdate=17 September 2018 |language=id}}</ref><!-- defined by:Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family --><ref name="Overseas trading 1971">{{cite book |title=Overseas Trading |date=1971 |publisher=Department of Commerce and Agriculture. |location=Australia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qlbyAAAAMAAJ&q=%22his+highness+sri+sultan%22 |accessdate=17 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref><!-- defined by:Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family -->


=== Honours ===
== Honours ==
===National===
{{flag|Japan}}: [[Order of the Rising Sun]], Gold and Silver Star (2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rwthofficial/status/1549959480036585474 |title=#Yogyakarta's Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X received the Order of the Rising Sun from the Emperor of #Japan from his contribution in promoting Indonesian-Japanese culture at the Japanese Ambassador's Official Residence #Jakarta.|website=Twitter.com|access-date=22 July 2022}}</ref>
*{{flag|Indonesia}}:
** [[File:Bintang Mahaputera Utama rib.svg|60px]] [[Star of Mahaputera]] (3rd Class) ({{lang-id|[[:id:Bintang Mahaputera Utama|Bintang Mahaputera Utama]]}}) (2007)
** [[File:Satyalancana Karya Satya.gif|60px]] [[Civil Servants' Long Service Medal]], ({{lang-id|[[:id:Satyalancana Karya Satya|Satyalancana Karya Satya]]}}) (30 Years)
** [[File:Satyalancana Karya Satya.gif|60px]] [[Civil Servants' Long Service Medal]], ({{lang-id|[[:id:Satyalancana Karya Satya|Satyalancana Karya Satya]]}}) (20 Years)
** [[File:Satyalancana Karya Satya.gif|60px]] [[Civil Servants' Long Service Medal]], ({{lang-id|[[:id:Satyalancana Karya Satya|Satyalancana Karya Satya]]}}) (10 Years)
** [[File:Satyalancana Pembangunan.gif|60px]] [[Medal for Contributing in the National Development]], ({{lang-id|[[:id:Satyalancana Pembangunan|Satyalancana Pembangunan]]}})
** [[File:Satyalancana Wira Karya rib.svg|60px]] [[Medal for Providing an Example of Meritorious Personality]], ({{lang-id|[[:id:Satyalancana Wira Karya|Satyalancana Wira Karya]]}})
** [[File:Satyalancana Kebhaktian Sosial.gif|60px]] [[Medal for Service in the Field of Social Welfare]], ({{lang-id|[[:id:Satyalancana Kebaktian Sosial|Satyalancana Kebaktian Sosial]]}})
** [[File:Lencana_Melati_-_Gerakan_Pramuka.png|60px]] [[Badge of Melati]]
** [[File:Lencana_Darma_Bakti_-_Gerakan_Pramuka.png|60px]] [[Badge of Dharma Bhakti]]
** [[File:Pita_Harian_Lencana_Pancawarsa_IV_-_Gerakan_Pramuka.png|60px]] [[Badge of Pancawarsa IV]]
** [[File:Pita Harian Lencana Pancawarsa VII - Gerakan Pramuka.png|60px]] [[Badge of Pancawarsa VII]]


===Foreign honours===
*{{flag|Austria}}
**[[File:AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 2nd Class BAR.svg|60px]] Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash of the [[:en:Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria|Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria]] - 1996<ref name="recipients">{{cite web|url=https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf|title=Eingelangt am 23.04.2012 : Dieser Text wurde elektronisch übermittelt. Abweichungen vom Original sind möglich. Bundeskanzler Anfragebeantwortung|website=Parlament.gv.at|access-date=10 February 2019}}</ref>
*{{flag|Japan}}:
**[[File:JPN Kyokujitsu-sho 2Class BAR.svg|60px]] [[Order of the Rising Sun]], Gold and Silver Star - 2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rwthofficial/status/1549959480036585474 |title=#Yogyakarta's Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X received the Order of the Rising Sun from the Emperor of #Japan from his contribution in promoting Indonesian-Japanese culture at the Japanese Ambassador's Official Residence #Jakarta.|website=Twitter.com|access-date=22 July 2022}}</ref>
*{{flag|Netherlands}}:
**[[File:Order of Orange-Nassau ribbon - Knight Grand Cross Ribbon.png|60px]] Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of Orange-Nassau]]

===Honorary Degree===
Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws, University of Tasmania, Australia (2015) <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.utas.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/887278/Annual-Report-2015.pdf |website=Annual Report 2015 |publisher=University of Tasmania |access-date=13 July 2023|title=Annual Report 2015 }}</ref>
Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws, University of Tasmania, Australia (2015) <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.utas.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/887278/Annual-Report-2015.pdf |website=Annual Report 2015 |publisher=University of Tasmania |access-date=13 July 2023|title=Annual Report 2015 }}</ref>



Latest revision as of 09:48, 26 September 2024

Hamengkubuwono X
Sri Sultan
Formal portrait, 1989
3rd Governor of Yogyakarta
Assumed office
3 October 1998
Vice Governor
Preceded byPaku Alam VIII
10th Sultan of Yogyakarta
Reign7 March 1989 – present
PredecessorHamengkubuwono IX
Heiress presumptivePrincess Mangkubumi
BornBendara Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito
(1946-04-02) 2 April 1946 (age 78)
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Spouse
(m. 1971)
Issue
Names
Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Sri Sultan Hamengkubawana Ingkang Jumeneng Kasepuluh Suryaning Mataram Senapati Ing Ngalaga Langgenging Bawana Langgeng Langgenging Tata Panatagama Ing Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat
HouseHamengkubuwono
FatherHamengkubuwono IX
MotherWindyaningrum
SignatureHamengkubuwono X's signature

Sri Sultan Hamengkubawono X (Hanacaraka: ꦯꦿꦶꦯꦸꦭ꧀ꦡꦟ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦑꦸꦨꦮꦟ꧇꧑꧐꧇, also spelled as Hamengkubawana X, often abbreviated as HB X; born Bendara Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito, 2 April 1946) is the Sultan of the historic Yogyakarta Sultanate in Indonesia and is currently also the Governor of the modern Yogyakarta Special Region (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta).[1]

Hamengkubawono X succeeded his father, Hamengkubuwono IX, as the Sultan of Yogyakarta when Hamengkubuwono IX died on 3 October 1988. Hamengkubuwono X was formally installed as Sultan on 7 March 1989. However, the position of the Governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region did not go to Hamengkubuwono X. Vice Governor Sri Paku Alam VIII, prince of the subordinate enclave of Paku Alaman within Yogyakarta was instead controversially elevated to the position of governor. This was contrary to the agreement made at the independence of Indonesia in recognition of Hamengkubuwono IX's support and role in the Indonesian War of Independence. Under the agreement, the Sultan holds the position of governor in the Yogyakarta Special Region, and the Paku Alam holds the position of vice governor.

On 30 August 2012, following a decade of talks between Yogyakarta and the central government, the national legislature of Indonesia formally enshrined in law the convention that the Sultan inherited the position of governor.[2]

Background

[edit]

Hamengkubuwono X was a graduate of Public Administration at the Faculty of Law of Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta.[1] He was active as Chairman of the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Special Region of Yogyakarta,[1] Chairman of the Sports Committee of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, chairman and managing director of PT Punokawan Construction,[1] President of the PG Madukismo Commissioner, and in July 1996 was appointed Chairman of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Expert Counsel to the Governor.

Hamengkubuwono X followed the tradition of his late father Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX in the spirit of Indonesian nationalism over self-interest by participating in street protests in support of the May 1998 student demonstrations opposing Suharto's rule, and like his illustrious father, wanted to be a pioneer in the Yogyakarta Reformation Movement albeit in a non-violent manner. He was also one of the four key figures in the early reform period that sparked the Ciganjur Declaration urging the government to hold elections as soon as possible, because President BJ Habibie had neither constitutional nor legal rights to take over the presidency of Suharto who had just resigned.

Hamengkubuwono X has stated his vision for his region and the Sultanate are the development of science and technology, development of agriculture, tourism and world-famous cultural industries and thus provide a fair and prosperous life to all his citizens. He was nominated by popular choice, to the Golkar Yogyakarta Assembly as a presidential candidate for the 2009 Indonesian presidential election campaign. Hamengkubuwono X, though widely respected across all parties and nationwide as neutral, honest and uncorrupted was ultimately unsuccessful in garnering support outside Central Java and was unsuccessful to attain a first-round voting position.

On 2010, he formed Nasional Demokrat together with Surya Paloh which later became the NasDem Party. Hamengkubuwono X later the organization prior to the political inception, unhappy with its transformation into a political party.

Personal life

[edit]
Coronation of Hamengkubuwono X and Hemas in 1989

Hamengkubuwono X has discontinued the polygamist tradition of Javanese monarchs having several wives and possibly multiple concubines, as per his late father's wishes to modernize the royal system. He is married to Queen Hemas. Together they have five daughters, Crown Princess Mangkubumi, Princess Condrokirono, Princess Maduretno, Princess Hayu, and Princess Bendoro. His decision to appoint his eldest daughter as heir presumptive, ended the previously agnatic primogeniture succession and has become subject to controversies.[3]

Hamengkubuwono X resides in the Keraton Yogyakarta complex and uses the Governor's mansion solely for political affairs.

Family

[edit]

Source:[1]

Parents

[edit]

FatherSri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX

MotherRaden Ajeng Siti Kustina (Bandara Raden Ayu Widyaningrum/Kanjeng Raden Ayu Widyaningrum/Raden Ayu Adipati Anum)

Consort and Issue

[edit]

Siblings

[edit]

Titles and honours

[edit]
Styles of
Hamengkubuwono X
Reference styleHis Majesty
Spoken styleYour Majesty
Alternative styleNgarso Dalem

Titles

[edit]

In Javanese Kraton (palaces) names of individuals change with respect to change in status:

  • From birth until marriage  : Bendoro Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito
  • Post-nuptial until appointment as Crown Prince : Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya (KGPH) Mangkubumi
  • As Heir Apparent Crown Prince  : Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Anom (KGPAAn) Hamengku Negara Sudibya Raja Putra Nalendra Mataram.
  • As Sultan  : Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Kangjeng Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono Senapati ing Ngalogo Ngabdurrokhman Sayidin Panatagama Khalifatullah ingkang jumeneng kaping X[1]
Swearing HB X as Governor of SR of Yogyakarta (1998)

His style and title in full English  : His Majesty The Sultan Hamengkubuwono the Tenth, Commander-in-chief in war, Servant of the Most Gracious, Cleric and Caliph that Safeguards the Religion[4][5]

Honours

[edit]

National

[edit]

Foreign honours

[edit]

Honorary Degree

[edit]

Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws, University of Tasmania, Australia (2015) [8]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f "Profil Gubernur DIY". jogyaprov.go.id. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  2. ^ N.O. (6 September 2012). "Yogyakarta's sultans – Carrying on". The Economist. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  3. ^ "The Sultan's coup". New Mandala. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
  4. ^ Indonesia Departemen Luar Negeri Direktorat (1968). Documenta diplomatica (in Indonesian). Departemen Luar Negeri. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  5. ^ Overseas Trading. Australia: Department of Commerce and Agriculture. 1971. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  6. ^ "Eingelangt am 23.04.2012 : Dieser Text wurde elektronisch übermittelt. Abweichungen vom Original sind möglich. Bundeskanzler Anfragebeantwortung" (PDF). Parlament.gv.at. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  7. ^ "#Yogyakarta's Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X received the Order of the Rising Sun from the Emperor of #Japan from his contribution in promoting Indonesian-Japanese culture at the Japanese Ambassador's Official Residence #Jakarta". Twitter.com. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  8. ^ "Annual Report 2015" (PDF). Annual Report 2015. University of Tasmania. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
[edit]
Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X
Cadet branch of the House of Mataram
Born: 2 April 1946
Political offices
Preceded by Governor of Yogyakarta
1998–present
Incumbent
Regnal titles
Preceded by Sultan of Yogyakarta
1989–present
Incumbent
Heir presumptive:
Mangkubumi