Dimitrie Sturdza: Difference between revisions
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Sturdza was private secretary to [[Domnitor|Prince]] [[Alexander John Cuza]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Sturdza|display=Sturdza s.v. Demetrius [Dimitrie] Sturdza|first=Moses|last=Gaster|author-link=Moses Gaster}}</ref> He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined [[Ion Brătianu]] and others in the deposition of Cuza, and the election of [[Prince Charles of Hohenzollern]] (later Carol I of Romania).<ref name=nie/> He became a member of the [[Liberalism in Romania|Liberal]] government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts.<ref name=nie/> |
Sturdza was private secretary to [[Domnitor|Prince]] [[Alexander John Cuza]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Sturdza|display=Sturdza s.v. Demetrius [Dimitrie] Sturdza|first=Moses|last=Gaster|author-link=Moses Gaster}}</ref> He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined [[Ion Brătianu]] and others in the deposition of Cuza, and the election of [[Prince Charles of Hohenzollern]] (later Carol I of Romania).<ref name=nie/> He became a member of the [[Liberalism in Romania|Liberal]] government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts.<ref name=nie/> |
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In 1892 he was elected leader of the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)|National Liberal Party]] in succession to Brătianu, and was four times [[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister]].<ref name="EB1911"/> For his last time in office, in 1907, Sturdza was called by [[King of Romania|King]] Carol I to handle the crisis created by the [[1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt|peasants' revolt of March]]. Although noted for his capacity for work, he was also a [[Nationalism|nationalist]], resentful of "''aliens''"{{sfn|Gaster|1911}} (in line with the anti-[[Jewish]] policies of his party), and supported blocking non-Romanians from a large number of social positions. Sturdza was a notorious antisemite, supporting measures such as the expulsion of Romanian Jews, and he was known for his opposition towards the naturalization of the Jews in Romania. He is responsible for the exile of Romanian Jewish intellectuals [[Moses Gaster]] and [[Lazăr Şăineanu]].<ref>https://m.adevarul.ro/cultura/istorie/mosesgaster-figura-nedrept-uitata-1_541326aa0d133766a81476aa/index.html</ref> |
In 1892 he was elected leader of the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)|National Liberal Party]] in succession to Brătianu, and was four times [[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|Prime Minister]].<ref name="EB1911"/> For his last time in office, in 1907, Sturdza was called by [[King of Romania|King]] Carol I to handle the crisis created by the [[1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt|peasants' revolt of March]]. Although noted for his capacity for work, he was also a [[Nationalism|nationalist]], resentful of "''aliens''"{{sfn|Gaster|1911}} (in line with the anti-[[Jewish]] policies of his party), and supported blocking non-Romanians from a large number of social positions. Sturdza was a notorious antisemite, supporting measures such as the expulsion of Romanian Jews, and he was known for his opposition towards the naturalization of the Jews in Romania. He is responsible for the exile of Romanian Jewish intellectuals [[Moses Gaster]] and [[Lazăr Şăineanu]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.adevarul.ro/cultura/istorie/mosesgaster-figura-nedrept-uitata-1_541326aa0d133766a81476aa/index.html|title = Moses Gaster, o figură pe nedrept uitată}}</ref> |
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He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, and became a recognized authority on [[Romanian numismatics]]. As secretary of the academy he was instrumental in assisting the publication of the collections of historic documents made by {{Interlanguage link multi|Constantin Hurmuzachi|ro}} (30 vols., [[Bucharest]], 1876–1897), and other acts and documents besides a number of minor political pamphlets of transitory value.<ref name="EB1911"/> |
He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, and became a recognized authority on [[Romanian numismatics]]. As secretary of the academy he was instrumental in assisting the publication of the collections of historic documents made by {{Interlanguage link multi|Constantin Hurmuzachi|ro}} (30 vols., [[Bucharest]], 1876–1897), and other acts and documents besides a number of minor political pamphlets of transitory value.<ref name="EB1911"/> |
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Revision as of 10:31, 23 December 2021
Dimitrie Sturdza (Romanian pronunciation: [diˈmitri.e ˈsturza] , in full Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclăușanu; 10 March 1833 – 21 October 1914) was a Romanian statesman and author of the late 19th century, and president of the Romanian Academy between 1882 and 1884.
Biography
Born in Iași, Moldavia, and was educated there at the Academia Mihăileană. He continued his studies in Germany at Munich, Göttingen, Bonn, and Berlin.[1] He took part in the political movements of the time.
Sturdza was private secretary to Prince Alexander John Cuza.[2] He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined Ion Brătianu and others in the deposition of Cuza, and the election of Prince Charles of Hohenzollern (later Carol I of Romania).[1] He became a member of the Liberal government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts.[1]
In 1892 he was elected leader of the National Liberal Party in succession to Brătianu, and was four times Prime Minister.[2] For his last time in office, in 1907, Sturdza was called by King Carol I to handle the crisis created by the peasants' revolt of March. Although noted for his capacity for work, he was also a nationalist, resentful of "aliens"[3] (in line with the anti-Jewish policies of his party), and supported blocking non-Romanians from a large number of social positions. Sturdza was a notorious antisemite, supporting measures such as the expulsion of Romanian Jews, and he was known for his opposition towards the naturalization of the Jews in Romania. He is responsible for the exile of Romanian Jewish intellectuals Moses Gaster and Lazăr Şăineanu.[4]
He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, and became a recognized authority on Romanian numismatics. As secretary of the academy he was instrumental in assisting the publication of the collections of historic documents made by Constantin Hurmuzachi (30 vols., Bucharest, 1876–1897), and other acts and documents besides a number of minor political pamphlets of transitory value.[2]
His son Alexandru D. Sturdza, by then a Colonel in the Romanian Army, defected to the Germans in 1916, during the World War I.
Works
- La Marche progressive de la Russie sur le Danube (1878)
- Uebersicht der Münzen und Medaillen des Fürstentums Rumänien (1874)
- Europa, Russia, Romania (1888)
- La question des portes de fer et des cataractes du Danube (1899)
- Charles I., roi de Roumanie (1899 et seq.)
See also
Notes
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2014) |
- ^ a b c Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
- ^ a b c This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gaster, Moses (1911). "Sturdza s.v. Demetrius [Dimitrie] Sturdza". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Gaster 1911.
- ^ "Moses Gaster, o figură pe nedrept uitată".
References
- (in Romanian) Ion Luca Caragiale, Trădarea românismului! Triumful străinismului!! Consumatum est!!! (a pamphlet of the period, ridiculing the anti-Jewish stance of the Liberal Party)
- 1833 births
- 1914 deaths
- Antisemitism in Romania
- Politicians from Iași
- Sturdza family
- Chairpersons of the National Liberal Party (Romania)
- Prime Ministers of Romania
- Romanian Ministers of Agriculture
- Romanian Ministers of Culture
- Romanian Ministers of Defence
- Romanian Ministers of Education
- Romanian Ministers of Finance
- Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs
- Romanian Ministers of Interior
- Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
- Presidents of the Senate of Romania
- Members of the Senate of Romania
- Presidents of the Romanian Academy
- Romanian Freemasons
- Romanian Ministers of Public Works