Marion, Cyprus: Difference between revisions
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|native_name = Μάριον |
|native_name = Μάριον |
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|image = File:Ancient kingdoms of Cyprus en.svg |
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|caption = Map showing the ancient city Kingdoms of Cyprus |
|caption = Map showing the ancient city Kingdoms of Cyprus |
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'''Marion''' ({{lang-el|Μάριον}}) was one of the [[Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus|Ten city-kingdoms]] of [[Cyprus]]. It was situated in the north-west of the island in the [[Akamas]] region, close to the present town of [[Polis, Cyprus|Polis]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Iron Age Kingdom of Marion |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research|date=November 1997|first=William|last=Childs|volume=308|issue=308|pages=37–48|doi= 10.2307/1357408|format=|publisher=The American Schools of Oriental Research|jstor=1357408}}</ref> Both [[Strabo]] and [[Pliny the Elder]] mention the city in their writings. |
'''Marion''' ({{lang-el|Μάριον}}) was one of the [[Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus|Ten city-kingdoms]] of [[Cyprus]]. It was situated in the north-west of the island in the [[Akamas]] region, close to the present town of [[Polis, Cyprus|Polis]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Iron Age Kingdom of Marion |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research|date=November 1997|first=William|last=Childs|volume=308|issue=308|pages=37–48|doi= 10.2307/1357408|format=|publisher=The American Schools of Oriental Research|jstor=1357408}}</ref> Both [[Strabo]] and [[Pliny the Elder]] mention the city in their writings. |
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==History== |
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| ⚫ | The city was founded in the 7th century BC and |
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[[File:Marion sarcophagus.jpg|thumb|left|Hellenistic limestone sarcophagus from Marion, Polis Museum]] |
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| ⚫ | The city was founded in the 7th century BC and became wealthy from the nearby copper and gold mines. It also served as an important trading port for both metal and timber. The current port of Latchi is built on the foundations of the ancient harbour, where its remnants are visible to this day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.cs.ucy.ac.cy/navigationdusavoir/CyprusPortal/navaldockyards/MaterialHeritage/AncientAge/Architecture/portOfMarion.htm |title=World of naval dockyards - The port of the kingdom of Marion |accessdate=2007-03-05 |publisher=[[University of Cyprus]] }}</ref> |
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In 450 BC, the city was conquered by the Athenian general [[Kimon]] during his Cyprus campaign |
In 450 BC, the city was conquered by the Athenian general [[Kimon]] during his Cyprus campaign while pursuing the Persians following the [[Battle of Salamis (in Cyprus)]] in an attempt to re establish Athenian supremacy in the Eastern Mediterranean. It was eventually destroyed in 312 BC by [[Ptolemy I]] and was later replaced by the nearby city of [[Arsinoe (Northwest Cyprus)|Arsinoe]]. |
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[[File:Marion terracottas, tomb contents.jpg|thumb|unique styles of terracottas from tomb contents, Marion, Polis Museum]] |
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==Excavations== |
==Excavations== |
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[[File:Terracotta statue from Marion temple of Zeus and Aphrodite.jpg|thumb|left|Over-life size (3m) terracotta statue from Marion temple of Zeus and Aphrodite]] |
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Archaeological excavations of the area were first undertaken by the [[Swedish Cyprus Expedition]] between 1927 and 1931.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Swedish Cyprus Expedition: Vol. IV|journal=The Journal of Hellenic Studies|year=1949|first=E.|last=Gjerstad|author2=P. Dikaios|volume=69|issue=|pages=124|doi= 10.2307/629546|format=|publisher=The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies|jstor=629546}}</ref><ref>E. Gjerstad, J. Lindros, E. Sjöqvist, A. Westholm, The Swedish Cyprus Expedition (Vols I-IV)</ref> |
Archaeological excavations of the area were first undertaken by the [[Swedish Cyprus Expedition]] between 1927 and 1931.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Swedish Cyprus Expedition: Vol. IV|journal=The Journal of Hellenic Studies|year=1949|first=E.|last=Gjerstad|author2=P. Dikaios|volume=69|issue=|pages=124|doi= 10.2307/629546|format=|publisher=The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies|jstor=629546}}</ref><ref>E. Gjerstad, J. Lindros, E. Sjöqvist, A. Westholm, The Swedish Cyprus Expedition (Vols I-IV)</ref> They were followed by the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus, and since 1983 by the [[Princeton University|Princeton]] Cyprus Expedition.<ref>Childs W.P., 1988 "First preliminary report on the excavations at Polis Chrysochous by Princeton University", Report of the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus (1988), Nicosia, 121-130</ref><ref>Childs W.P., 1999 "Princeton excavations at Polis Chrysochous 1994-1997", Report of the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus (1999), Nicosia, p223-237</ref> |
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E. Linder and A. Raban carried out the only investigation of the remains of the harbour in 1971.<ref>Raban A., 1995 "The Heritage of Ancient Harbour Engineering in Cyprus and the Levant" in Karageorgis V. – D. Michaelides (ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium Cyprus and the Sea, Nicosia, p165</ref> |
E. Linder and A. Raban carried out the only investigation of the remains of the harbour in 1971.<ref>Raban A., 1995 "The Heritage of Ancient Harbour Engineering in Cyprus and the Levant" in Karageorgis V. – D. Michaelides (ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium Cyprus and the Sea, Nicosia, p165</ref> |
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However very few remains of the city have been found except for a temple to [[Zeus]] and [[Aphrodite]] and many tombs, some of whose contents can be seen in the Polis museum. |
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[[File:Marion tomb sculpture.jpg|thumb|tomb sculpture from Marion, Polis Museum]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 18:07, 17 May 2017
Μάριον | |
 Map showing the ancient city Kingdoms of Cyprus | |
  Shown within Cyprus | |
| Location | Cyprus |
|---|---|
| Region | Paphos District |
| Coordinates | 35°02′15″N 32°26′00″E / 35.0375°N 32.4333°E |
Marion (Greek: Μάριον) was one of the Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus. It was situated in the north-west of the island in the Akamas region, close to the present town of Polis.[1] Both Strabo and Pliny the Elder mention the city in their writings.
History
The city was founded in the 7th century BC and became wealthy from the nearby copper and gold mines. It also served as an important trading port for both metal and timber. The current port of Latchi is built on the foundations of the ancient harbour, where its remnants are visible to this day.[2]
In 450 BC, the city was conquered by the Athenian general Kimon during his Cyprus campaign while pursuing the Persians following the Battle of Salamis (in Cyprus) in an attempt to re establish Athenian supremacy in the Eastern Mediterranean. It was eventually destroyed in 312 BC by Ptolemy I and was later replaced by the nearby city of Arsinoe.
Excavations
Archaeological excavations of the area were first undertaken by the Swedish Cyprus Expedition between 1927 and 1931.[3][4] They were followed by the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus, and since 1983 by the Princeton Cyprus Expedition.[5][6]
E. Linder and A. Raban carried out the only investigation of the remains of the harbour in 1971.[7]
However very few remains of the city have been found except for a temple to Zeus and Aphrodite and many tombs, some of whose contents can be seen in the Polis museum.
References
- ^ Childs, William (November 1997). "The Iron Age Kingdom of Marion". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 308 (308). The American Schools of Oriental Research: 37–48. doi:10.2307/1357408. JSTOR 1357408.
- ^ "World of naval dockyards - The port of the kingdom of Marion". University of Cyprus. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
- ^ Gjerstad, E.; P. Dikaios (1949). "The Swedish Cyprus Expedition: Vol. IV". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 69. The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies: 124. doi:10.2307/629546. JSTOR 629546.
- ^ E. Gjerstad, J. Lindros, E. Sjöqvist, A. Westholm, The Swedish Cyprus Expedition (Vols I-IV)
- ^ Childs W.P., 1988 "First preliminary report on the excavations at Polis Chrysochous by Princeton University", Report of the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus (1988), Nicosia, 121-130
- ^ Childs W.P., 1999 "Princeton excavations at Polis Chrysochous 1994-1997", Report of the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus (1999), Nicosia, p223-237
- ^ Raban A., 1995 "The Heritage of Ancient Harbour Engineering in Cyprus and the Levant" in Karageorgis V. – D. Michaelides (ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium Cyprus and the Sea, Nicosia, p165