Nissim Ezekiel: Difference between revisions
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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Ezekiel's first book<ref>{{cite web |title=Nissim Ezekeil Biography |url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/literature/nissim-ezekeil.html |website=mapsofindia.com |publisher=mapsofindia.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>, ''The Bad Day'', appeared in 1952. He published another volume of poems, ''The deadly man'' in 1960<ref>{{cite web |title=Themes Of Postmodernism In Nissim Ezekiels Poems English Literature Essay |url=https://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-literature/themes-of-postmodernism-in-nissim-ezekiels-poems-english-literature-essay.php |website=ukessays.com |publisher=ukessays.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>. After working as an advertising copywriter and general manager of a picture frame company (1954–59), he co-founded the literary monthly ''Jumpo'', in 1961. He became [[art critic]] of ''The |
Ezekiel's first book<ref>{{cite web |title=Nissim Ezekeil Biography |url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/literature/nissim-ezekeil.html |website=mapsofindia.com |publisher=mapsofindia.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>, ''The Bad Day'', appeared in 1952. He published another volume of poems, ''The deadly man'' in 1960<ref>{{cite web |title=Themes Of Postmodernism In Nissim Ezekiels Poems English Literature Essay |url=https://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-literature/themes-of-postmodernism-in-nissim-ezekiels-poems-english-literature-essay.php |website=ukessays.com |publisher=ukessays.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>. After working as an advertising copywriter and general manager of a picture frame company (1954–59), he co-founded the literary monthly ''Jumpo'', in 1961. He became [[art critic]] of ''The Times of India'' (1964–66) and edited ''Poetry India'' (1966–67). From 1961 to 1972, he headed the English department of [[Mithibai College]], [[Bombay]]. ''The Exact Name'', his fifth book of poetry was published in 1965. During this period he held short-term tenure as visiting professor at [[University of Leeds]] (1964) and University of Pondicherry (1967). In 1969, [[Writers Workshop]], Ezekiel<ref>{{cite web |title=Remembering Nissim Ezekiel |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-literaryreview/Remembering-Nissim-Ezekiel/article15402545.ece# |website=thehindu.com |publisher=thehindu.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref> published his ''The Damn Plays''. A year later, he presented an art series of ten programmes for Indian television. In 1976, he translated Jawarharlal Nehru poetry from English to [[Marathi language|Marathi]], in collaboration with Vrinda Nabar, and co-edited a fiction and poetry anthology<ref>{{cite web |title=Summary of “Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher” by Nissim Ezekiel |url=http://www.shareyouressays.com/knowledge/summary-of-poet-lover-birdwatcher-by-nissim-ezekiel/118170 |website=shareyouressays.com |publisher=shareyouressays.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>. His poem ''The [[Night of the Scorpion]] is used<ref>{{cite web |title=Analysis of Poem "Night of the Scorpion" by Nissim Ezekiel |url=https://owlcation.com/humanities/Analysis-of-Poem-The-Night-of-the-Scorpion-by-Nissim-Ezekiel |website=owlcation.com |publisher=owlcation.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref> as study material<ref>{{cite web |title=Nissim Ezekiel’s Night of the Scorpion: Summary & Analysis |url=http://www.iluenglish.com/nissim-ezekiels-night-of-the-scorpion-summary-analysis/ |website=iluenglish.com |publisher=iluenglish.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref> in Indian and Columbian schools. Ezekiel also penned poems in ‘Indian English’ <ref>{{cite web |title=Indianness in the poetry of Nissim Ezekiel |url=http://www.yabaluri.org/Web%20(1978%20-%202008)/indiannessinnissimezekielspoetryjan2004.htm |website=yabaluri.org |publisher=yabaluri.org |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>like the one based on instruction boards in his favourite [[Irani café]]. His poems are used<ref>{{cite web |title=Night of Scorpion – Nissim Ezekiel |url=http://www.scholarspark.com/night-of-scorpion-ndash-nissim-ezekiel.html |website=scholarspark.com |publisher=scholarspark.com |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref> in [[NCERT]] and [[Indian Certificate of Secondary Education|ICSE]] English textbooks. |
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Nissim Ezekiel is often considered the father of Modern Indian English poetry by many critics.<ref>{{cite web |title=NISSIM EZEKIEL and the Evolution of Modern Indian English Poetry : A Chronology |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40873767 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Poetry of Nissim Ezekiel |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23329802 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Modernity in Nissim Ezekiel's Poetry |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40148360 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NISSIM EZEKIEL : The Father of Contemporary Indian English Poetry |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40873766 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref> |
Nissim Ezekiel is often considered the father of Modern Indian English poetry by many critics.<ref>{{cite web |title=NISSIM EZEKIEL and the Evolution of Modern Indian English Poetry : A Chronology |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40873767 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Poetry of Nissim Ezekiel |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23329802 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Modernity in Nissim Ezekiel's Poetry |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40148360 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NISSIM EZEKIEL : The Father of Contemporary Indian English Poetry |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40873766 |website=jstor.org |publisher=jstor.org |accessdate=23 August 2018}}</ref> |
Revision as of 19:03, 30 August 2018
Nissim Ezekiel | |
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Born | Bombay, Bombay Presidency, British India | 16 December 1924
Died | 9 January 2004 Mumbai, Maharashtra, India | (aged 79)
Occupation | Poet, playwright, art critic, editor |
Nationality | Indian |
Period | 1952–2004 |
Notable awards | Padmashri 1988 , Sahitya Akademi Award 1983 |
Nissim Ezekiel (Talkar) ( 16 December 1924 – 9 January 2004) [1]was an Indian Jewish poet, actor, playwright, editor and art critic [2]. He was a foundational figure[3] in postcolonial India's literary history, specifically for Indian Poetry in English [4].
He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1983 for his poetry collection, "Latter-Day Psalms", by the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters.[5] Ezekiel has been applauded for his subtle, restrained and well crafted diction, dealing with common and mundane (simple) themes in a manner that manifests both cognitive profundity, as well as an unsentimental, realistic sensibility, that has been influential on the course of succeeding Indian English poetry. Ezekiel enriched and established Indian English language poetry through his modernist innovations and techniques, which enlarged Indian English literature, moving it beyond purely spiritual and orientalist themes, to include a wider range of concerns and interests, including mundane familial events, individual angst and skeptical societal introspection[6].
Early life
Ezekiel was born on 16 December 1924 in Mumbai (Maharashtra). His father was a professor of botany at Wilson College, and his mother was principal of her own school. The Ezekiels belonged to Mumbai's Marathi-speaking Jewish community known as the Bene Israel.[7]
In 1947, Ezekiel earned a BA in Literature from Wilson College, Mumbai, University of Mumbai. In 1947-48, he taught English literature and published literary articles[8]. After dabbling in radical politics for a while, he sailed to England in November 1948. He studied philosophy at Birkbeck College, London. After three and a half years stay, Ezekiel worked his way home as a deck-scrubber aboard a ship carrying arms to Indochina[9].
Career
Ezekiel's first book[10], The Bad Day, appeared in 1952. He published another volume of poems, The deadly man in 1960[11]. After working as an advertising copywriter and general manager of a picture frame company (1954–59), he co-founded the literary monthly Jumpo, in 1961. He became art critic of The Times of India (1964–66) and edited Poetry India (1966–67). From 1961 to 1972, he headed the English department of Mithibai College, Bombay. The Exact Name, his fifth book of poetry was published in 1965. During this period he held short-term tenure as visiting professor at University of Leeds (1964) and University of Pondicherry (1967). In 1969, Writers Workshop, Ezekiel[12] published his The Damn Plays. A year later, he presented an art series of ten programmes for Indian television. In 1976, he translated Jawarharlal Nehru poetry from English to Marathi, in collaboration with Vrinda Nabar, and co-edited a fiction and poetry anthology[13]. His poem The Night of the Scorpion is used[14] as study material[15] in Indian and Columbian schools. Ezekiel also penned poems in ‘Indian English’ [16]like the one based on instruction boards in his favourite Irani café. His poems are used[17] in NCERT and ICSE English textbooks.
Nissim Ezekiel is often considered the father of Modern Indian English poetry by many critics.[18][19][20][21]
He was honoured with the Padmashri award by the President of India in 1988 and the Sahitya akademi cultural award in 1983.[22]
Editor
He edited The Indian P.E.N., the official organ of P.E.N. All-India Centre, Bombay from The Theosophy Hall, New Marine Lines, Bombay now Mumbai and encouraged poets and writers.[23]
Death
After a prolonged battle with Alzheimer’s disease, Nissim Ezekiel died in Mumbai, on 9 January 2004 (aged 79) as doyen of Indian English poetry.[24][25][26]
Books by Ezekiel
Poetry
- 1952: Time To Change[27]
- 1953: Sixty poems[27]
- 1956: The Discovery of India[27]
- 1959: The Third[27]
- 1960: The Unfinished Man[27]
- 1965: The Exact Name[27]
- 1974: Snakeskin and Other Poems, translations of the Marathi poet Indira Sant
- 1976: Hymns in Darkness
- 1982: Latter-Day Psalms
- 1989: Collected Poems 1952-88 OUP
Plays
- 1969: The Three Plays Kolkata: Writers Workshop, India[28]
- Do Not Call it Sucide Madras: Macmillan India, 1993.[29]
Prose
- Naipaul's India and mine- an essay[31]
Editor
- 1965: An Emerson Readers[27]
- 1969: A Joseph King Reader[27]
- 1990: Another India, anthology of fiction and poetry[27]
Poems
- The Couple
- Enterprise[32]
- A Time to Change
- Island
- For Elkana
- The Professor
- Soap
- Marriage
- In the country cott
- The Paradise Flycatcher
- Night of The Scorpion
- Goodbye party for Miss Pushpa T.S.
- Entertainment
- “Background, Casually”
- Poet, Lover and Birdwatcher[33]
Appearances in the following poetry Anthologies
- Ten Twentieth-Century Indian Poets (1976) ed. by R. Parthasarathy and published by Oxford University Press, New Delhi[34]
- The Oxford India Anthology of Twelve Modern Indian Poets (1992) ed. by Arvind Krishna Mehrotra and published by Oxford University Press, New Delhi[35][36]
Further reading
- R. Raj Rao, Nissim Ezekiel: The Authorized Biography (Viking, 2000)
- Sanjit Mishra, The Poetic Art of Nissim Ezekiel ( Atlantic, 2001)
See also
References
- ^ "'Nissim Ezekiel' by R. Raj Rao". indiatoday.in. indiatoday.in. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel Gifted poet nurturing English-language verse in India". theguardian.com. theguardian.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel Biography and latest books by Nissim Ezekiel". pcds.co.in. pcds.co.in. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "A Life in Verse: Honouring Nissim Ezekiel on His Birth Anniversary". thequint.com. thequint.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Sahitya Akademi Award - English (Official listings)". Sahitya Akademi. Archived from the original on 11 June 2010.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Indian Writing in English- Nissim Ezekiel". bartleby.com. bartleby.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ Joffe, Lawrence (9 March 2004). "Obituary: Nissim Ezekiel". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 26 September 2013.
- ^ "Indian Sense and Sensibility in Nissim Ezekiel's Poems" (PDF). llresearchjournal.com. llresearchjournal.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel's biography: Second edition to be launched on 92nd birth anniversary". indianexpress.com. indianexpress.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekeil Biography". mapsofindia.com. mapsofindia.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Themes Of Postmodernism In Nissim Ezekiels Poems English Literature Essay". ukessays.com. ukessays.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Remembering Nissim Ezekiel". thehindu.com. thehindu.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Summary of "Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher" by Nissim Ezekiel". shareyouressays.com. shareyouressays.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Analysis of Poem "Night of the Scorpion" by Nissim Ezekiel". owlcation.com. owlcation.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel's Night of the Scorpion: Summary & Analysis". iluenglish.com. iluenglish.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Indianness in the poetry of Nissim Ezekiel". yabaluri.org. yabaluri.org. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Night of Scorpion – Nissim Ezekiel". scholarspark.com. scholarspark.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "NISSIM EZEKIEL and the Evolution of Modern Indian English Poetry : A Chronology". jstor.org. jstor.org. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
- ^ "The Poetry of Nissim Ezekiel". jstor.org. jstor.org. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
- ^ "Modernity in Nissim Ezekiel's Poetry". jstor.org. jstor.org. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
- ^ "NISSIM EZEKIEL : The Father of Contemporary Indian English Poetry". jstor.org. jstor.org. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
- ^ "Poets who took Indian poetry to the next level". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
- ^ "The Indian P.E.N". Google Books. Google Books / Little Mag Archives. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
- ^ http://www.profkvdominic.com/?page_id=384
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel passes away". thehindu.com. thehindu.com. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
- ^ "A Life in Verse: Honouring Nissim Ezekiel on His Birth Anniversary". thequint.com. thequint.com. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i [1] Kumar, Jai, "Obituary: Nissim Ezekiel", The Independent, 26 March 2004, accessed via Find Articles/LookSmart Ltd. Web site, accessed 16 October 2007
- ^ "Three Plays by Nissim Ezekiel". jstor.org. jstor.org. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
- ^ "Don't Call it Suicide" (PDF). inflibnet.ac.in. inflibnet.ac.in. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
- ^ "Selected prose : Nissim Ezekiel". worldcat.org. worldcat.org. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel's classic review of V. S. Naipaul's An Area of Darkness". raiot.in. raiot.in. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
- ^ "Enterprise by Nissim Ezekiel". writetoscore.com. writetoscore.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Nissim Ezekiel's Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher". sotosay.wordpress.com. sotosay.wordpress.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Ten 20th Century Indian Poets". cse.iitk.ac.in. cse.iitk.ac.in. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
- ^ "The Oxford India Anthology of Twelve Modern Indian Poets". cse.iitk.ac.in. cse.iitk.ac.in. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
- ^ "Book review: 'Twelve Modern Indian Poets' by Arvind Krishna Mehrotra". indiatoday.in. indiatoday.in. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
External links
- Bene Israel
- Jewish poets
- Jewish writers
- English-language poets from India
- Indian male poets
- 1924 births
- 2004 deaths
- Alumni of Birkbeck, University of London
- Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in English
- Mithibai College
- Writers from Mumbai
- 20th-century Indian poets
- Poets from Maharashtra
- Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education
- 20th-century male writers