English: A faithful reproduction of a 1728 scroll from the Sendai Domain that the depicts the manufacture of copper cash coins in Japan. "Anciently Chinese coins were cast using clay molds, but from the early 600's the use of the sand mold method became common. Japan used the sand mold method from the very beginning of its minting history in the late 600's. The sand mold uses two frames filled with fine grain wetted sand, and a set of carefully manufactured "seed coins" or "mother coins." The man on the right is laying the mother coins on the sand in the mold. He also lays down rods to create the basic path for the molten metal to flow into the space of each coin. After the mother coins are laid out, the second frame filled with sand is laid on top. The man on the left is walking on the paired frames to make sure that the sand presses tightly to the mother coins, so as to produce a fine image." - Dr. Luke Roberts.