Good and bad: Difference between revisions
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In [[philosophy]], something is '''good''' if it Is bad. people, ideas, and actions can be good. Many philosophers (people who study philosophy) have thought about what it means for something to be good. This issue is also called [[Value]]. |
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{{redirect|Good|a "good" meaning an item or product in economics|Good (economics)}} |
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{{Wiktionary|good|bad}} |
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The words "'''good'''" and "'''bad'''" are a basic way of talking about [[value]] or [[ethics]].<ref name=Schroeder2016>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Schroeder|first=Mark|title=Value Theory|encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|date=5 February 2008 |edition=Fall 2016|editor-last=Zalta|editor-first=Edward N.|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2016/entries/value-theory/ }}</ref> They are often used in different ways to talk about things, [[people]], [[idea]]s, or actions as being either good or bad. Many questions about the [[concept]]s of "good" and "bad" are studied by [[philosophers]].<ref name=Schroeder2016/> There are many different beliefs about what is good or bad, or about what the two words really mean. These differences can often be seen in different [[culture]]s and [[religion]]s. |
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==Economic and philosophical goods== |
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An [[Good (economics)|economic good]] can become more or less valuable over [[time]]. This is because an economic good is valuable because people will give up something (usually [[money]]) for it. A philosophical good is always good, even if there are no people to see it. This is because philosophical goods are good because of something in themselves. |
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== Good ''for something'' and good ''in itself'' == |
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==Absolute and relative goods== |
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In [[philosophy]], goodness is generally understood in two main kinds: either a thing is good {{em|for something}} or it is good {{em|in itself}}.<ref name=Schroeder2016/><ref name=ZimmermanBradley2019>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Zimmerman|first1=Michael J.|last2=Bradley|first2=Ben|title=Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Value|encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|date=22 October 2002 |edition=Spring 2019|editor-last=Zalta|editor-first=Edward N.|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2019/entries/value-intrinsic-extrinsic/ }}</ref> For example, eating properly may be good {{em|for staying healthy}} (provable) but eating properly may not be a good {{em|in itself}} (unprovable). This also applies to things that are called bad. The belief that there are such things as good {{em|in itself}} and bad {{em|in itself}} has been a main part of [[Western philosophy]] since [[Plato]].<ref name=ZimmermanBradley2019/><ref name=Dienstag2001>{{cite journal|last=Dienstag|first=Joshua F.|title=Nietzsche's Dionysian Pessimism|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-political-science-review_2001-12_95_4/page/923|journal=American Political Science Review|volume=95|issue=4|year=2001|pages=923–937|doi=|jstor=3117722}}</ref> However, some philosophers have rejected this belief.<ref name=ZimmermanBradley2019/> |
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| ⚫ | A relative good is something that is good because people say it is good. An absolute good is something that is good because of something in itself. It is good even if there is no one around to see it. For example, an [[economist]] may say that the [[Mona Lisa]] is a very valuable economic good because it can be sold for a lot of [[money]]. A [[Philosophy|philosopher]] may say that the painting is good because of how it is painted. The economist sees relative good, because people may later not want to pay for it. The philosopher sees absolute good, because it will always be painted well.{{cn}} |
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== Good and evil == |
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Good and evil are [[Antonym|opposites]]. |
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And [[people]] have [[opinion]]s on what things are good and what things are evil. For example, a [[Street art|street artist]] might think it is good to draw a graffiti on a public building wall, but the owner of this building might consider it evil. |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Philosophical concepts]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:29, 19 September 2024
The words "good" and "bad" are a basic way of talking about value or ethics.[1] They are often used in different ways to talk about things, people, ideas, or actions as being either good or bad. Many questions about the concepts of "good" and "bad" are studied by philosophers.[1] There are many different beliefs about what is good or bad, or about what the two words really mean. These differences can often be seen in different cultures and religions.
Good for something and good in itself
[change | change source]In philosophy, goodness is generally understood in two main kinds: either a thing is good for something or it is good in itself.[1][2] For example, eating properly may be good for staying healthy (provable) but eating properly may not be a good in itself (unprovable). This also applies to things that are called bad. The belief that there are such things as good in itself and bad in itself has been a main part of Western philosophy since Plato.[2][3] However, some philosophers have rejected this belief.[2]
A relative good is something that is good because people say it is good. An absolute good is something that is good because of something in itself. It is good even if there is no one around to see it. For example, an economist may say that the Mona Lisa is a very valuable economic good because it can be sold for a lot of money. A philosopher may say that the painting is good because of how it is painted. The economist sees relative good, because people may later not want to pay for it. The philosopher sees absolute good, because it will always be painted well.[source?]
Good and evil
[change | change source]Good and evil are opposites.
And people have opinions on what things are good and what things are evil. For example, a street artist might think it is good to draw a graffiti on a public building wall, but the owner of this building might consider it evil.
References
[change | change source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Schroeder, Mark (5 February 2008). "Value Theory". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2016 ed.).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Zimmerman, Michael J.; Bradley, Ben (22 October 2002). "Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Value". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2019 ed.).
- ↑ Dienstag, Joshua F. (2001). "Nietzsche's Dionysian Pessimism". American Political Science Review. 95 (4): 923–937. JSTOR 3117722.