羅渦

羅渦國（Lavo）的歷史是在泰國歷史上極其重要的一段。該城邦國大致建立在以今天的華富里為中心的地域。其歷史可回溯到三千五百多年前的冶煉青銅時代。。。

Later, it was influenced by the art and culture of India in the 11^th century when it entered the historical era. This first period under the influence of Indian culture was called the Dvaravati Period. Since that time, Lavo has been ruled by the Khmer, coming under the influence of their art and culture, in the 15^th century, a time commonly called the Lopburi Period in Thai art history.

Eventually, when the Ayutthaya empire was established, Lavo decreased in importance until the reign of King Narai the Great. He had a palace built in Lavo, and each year spent most of his time there. After the time of King Narai the Great, Lavo had been abandoned, until the 19^th centuries, King Mongkut (Rama IV) had it restored to be used as an inland royal city.

Later, in the 20^th centuries, Prime Minister Marshal P. Piboolsongkhram developed Lopburi to be a national military center. The improvements he made to city are apparent even to the present day.

古國地點、地域

根據泰國古史記載，羅渦城邦建立在泰國中部、一條名叫「朱布什空海（Talae Chubshorn）」的河流上。該河流發源於「三育山（Khao Sam Yod）」之麓，在流經該城邦之後匯入華富里河（Lopburi River），隨後再流到今天信武里府境內匯入昭拍耶河（即湄南河）。

史前時期

青銅製造的箭頭, 4th century BCE.

中國文獻記載中的羅渦國

該國最早在唐朝和尚玄奘所作的《大唐西域記》中被提及。 羅渦在唐、宋朝代曾均向中國納貢。所以在唐代記載中的「陀和羅」是指羅渦國和陀羅缽地國。這和玄奘的記載中的「陀羅缽地」名稱是相容的，雖然現在尚不清楚此名是指其中一國呢還是指這一地區。

羅渦又分別於1115年和1155年兩度向宋朝納貢，在宋史的記載中其國名變成了「羅壺」。 後來到了元代，馬哥勃羅在他的游記中提到昭拍耶河（即湄南河）平原上的一個小國「羅迦（Locak）」也是指她。根據該書上記載，蒙古的忽必烈漢曾考慮興兵去攻打她，但是最後因為路程太遠、大軍行進艱難而作罷。

高棉時代 / Khmer era

Prang Sam Yot, the Khmer temple in LopburiIn 10th century, when it was known as Lavodayapura (Khmer language). Lavo was subordinate to Khmer empire that rapid rise to prominence by the migration of Kambojas from the south India, therefore Lavo often be mentioned as Kambojarat (rat - kingdom) in some old Thai records. (Kambojas, in this case, is not Cambodia) came with the influence of their art and culture, in the 15th to 16th centuries. The new constructions were made by the rocks onto the ruined Dvaravati holy place that made by the bricks without mortar, therefore the oldest ruins that can now be found in Lopburi always be the Khmer style on the Dvaravati foundation.

叻他叻科辛時代 （近代泰國）

在納奈王（King Narai）之後，羅渦城邦逐漸荒廢，直到近代叻他叻科辛王國的孟固王（King Mongkut、拉瑪四世）才將她重建為一個內地別都，並且孟固王把城重新命名為：「華富里」。

Later, in 1937, 方Prime Minister Marshal P. Phibul Songkhram desired to set up Lopburi as the military center of Thailand. Therefore the city had been expanded. He relandscaped the Lopburi city, with its modern center located about 4 km. east from the historical center. His building style, Art Deco is showing along Narai Maharat road. The improvements he had made to the city are apparent even to the present day.