Fajr decade: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Undid revision 705223584 by FreeatlastChitchat (talk) Don't be disruptive, there's an ongoing discussion on the TP. |
Reverted good faith edits by Mhhossein: The discussion has shown this is Coatrack. Your next revert should be followed by a "rationale" as to why this is NOT WP:COATRACK. (TW) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Iranian revolution}} |
{{Iranian revolution}} |
||
'''Dahe-ye Fajr''' ({{lang-fa-at|دهه فجر|lit=ten days of dawn}}),<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=Andrew |last2=Elliott |first2=Mark |title=Iran |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gEca_4iSNCUC&pg=PA382 |accessdate=12 February 2016 |year=2008 |publisher=Lonely Planet |isbn=978-1-74220-349-2 |page=382}}</ref><ref name="Torab2007"/> i.e. dawning of new age, is a ten-day celebration of [[Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran]] in 1979.<ref name="Torab2007">{{cite book|author=Azam Torab|title=Performing Islam: Gender and Ritual in Islam|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XsWorLT4p3UC|year=2007|publisher=BRILL|page=143,252|isbn=90-04-15295-4}}</ref><ref name="RidgeonRidgeon2012">{{cite book|author1=Lloyd Ridgeon|author2=Lloyd V. J. Ridgeon|title=Shi'i Islam and Identity: Religion, Politics and Change in the Global Muslim Community|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=M_yobI9adIQC&pg=PA78|date=24 December 2012|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-84885-649-3|page=78}}</ref> The annual celebrations last from 1 to 11 February and are a national holiday.<ref name="Asadi2010">{{cite book|author=Houshang Asadi|title=Letters to My Torturer: Love, Revolution, and Imprisonment in Iran|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gI-unWr0aKwC&pg=PT235|date=1 June 2010|publisher=Oneworld Publications|isbn=978-1-78074-031-7|page=235}}</ref> The start of the celebration coincides with the date of Ruhollah Khomeini's arrival and the ending with Revolution's victory, a day which is called ''Islamic Revolution's Victory Day'' or ''22 of Bahman''.<ref name="RidgeonRidgeon2012 " /><ref name="SakuraiAdelkhah2011">{{cite book|author1=Keiko Sakurai|author2=Fariba Adelkhah|title=The Moral Economy of the Madrasa: Islam and Education Today|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OGzFBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT103|date=7 March 2011|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-89400-8|page=103}}</ref> |
'''Dahe-ye Fajr''' ({{lang-fa-at|دهه فجر|lit=ten days of dawn}}),<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=Andrew |last2=Elliott |first2=Mark |title=Iran |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gEca_4iSNCUC&pg=PA382 |accessdate=12 February 2016 |year=2008 |publisher=Lonely Planet |isbn=978-1-74220-349-2 |page=382}}</ref><ref name="Torab2007"/> i.e. dawning of new age, is a ten-day celebration of [[Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran]] in 1979.<ref name="Torab2007">{{cite book|author=Azam Torab|title=Performing Islam: Gender and Ritual in Islam|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XsWorLT4p3UC|year=2007|publisher=BRILL|page=143,252|isbn=90-04-15295-4}}</ref><ref name="RidgeonRidgeon2012">{{cite book|author1=Lloyd Ridgeon|author2=Lloyd V. J. Ridgeon|title=Shi'i Islam and Identity: Religion, Politics and Change in the Global Muslim Community|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=M_yobI9adIQC&pg=PA78|date=24 December 2012|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-84885-649-3|page=78}}</ref> The annual celebrations last from 1 to 11 February and are a national holiday.<ref name="Asadi2010">{{cite book|author=Houshang Asadi|title=Letters to My Torturer: Love, Revolution, and Imprisonment in Iran|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gI-unWr0aKwC&pg=PT235|date=1 June 2010|publisher=Oneworld Publications|isbn=978-1-78074-031-7|page=235}}</ref> The start of the celebration coincides with the date of Ruhollah Khomeini's arrival and the ending with Revolution's victory, a day which is called ''Islamic Revolution's Victory Day'' or ''22 of Bahman''.<ref name="RidgeonRidgeon2012 " /><ref name="SakuraiAdelkhah2011">{{cite book|author1=Keiko Sakurai|author2=Fariba Adelkhah|title=The Moral Economy of the Madrasa: Islam and Education Today|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OGzFBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT103|date=7 March 2011|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-89400-8|page=103}}</ref> |
||
== Etymology == |
|||
Fajr decade known as dawning of new age in Iranian history is referred to a ten days of national celebration after returning of Ruhollah Khomeini from Paris.<ref name="Torab2007" /> |
|||
== The ten days == |
== The ten days == |
||
[[File:Newspaper title Iranian revolution.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|[[Ettela'at]] Newspaper titling ''[[Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran|Tomorrow Morning at 9 Meeting Imam (Khomeni) in Tehran]]''.]] |
[[File:Newspaper title Iranian revolution.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|[[Ettela'at]] Newspaper titling ''[[Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran|Tomorrow Morning at 9 Meeting Imam (Khomeni) in Tehran]]''.]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
=== 1 February === |
|||
{{main|Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran}} |
{{main|Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran}} |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | On the first of February 1979, [[Ayatollah]] Khomeini returned to [[Tehran]] after |
||
=== 5 February === |
|||
Ayatollah Khomeini choose [[Mehdi Bazargan]] as prime minister of interim government.<ref name="c" /> |
|||
=== 8 February === |
|||
{{main|Homafaran allegiance}} |
|||
[[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force|Iran air force]] officers went to Khomeini's home and promised their loyalty to the revolution.<ref name="i">{{cite book|last1=Int'l Business Publications|title=Iran: Country Study Guide|date=2005|page=124|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0KOSUrLPC6IC&pg=PA124&lpg=PA124&dq=Bakhtiar+announces+curfew+february+1979&source=bl&ots=m8XMbfkShJ&sig=wLb6leU2IFv3ULpV_ovwtdjDVyI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZnZj99MnKAhUH4D4KHTfFCl8Q6AEIMzAG#v=onepage&q=Bakhtiar%20announces%20curfew%20february%201979&f=false}} |
|||
</ref> |
|||
=== 10 February === |
|||
People were armed by the revolutionary personnel of the air force. In this day a curfew was announced by Bakhtiar's government but Ruhollah Khomeini disparaged it and said people had to break it. Then revolutionaries subjugated police stations, prisons and governmental centers.<ref name="f">{{cite web|last1=Hosseini|first1=Mir Masood|title=Bakhtiar Becomes Prime Minister|website=fouman|url=http://1host2u.ir/Y/Get_Iranian_History_Today.php?artid=289}}</ref> |
|||
=== 11 February === |
|||
Senior military commanders announced that they were neutral in conflict between Bakhtiar's government and revolutionaries. Thus they receded from the streets.<ref name="i" /> Bakhtiar resigned and went to [[Paris]]. Revolutionaries gained a victory in this day.<ref>{{cite web|title=1979: Victory for Khomeini as army steps aside|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/11/newsid_3477000/3477323.stm|website=bbc}}</ref> |
|||
| ⚫ | On the first of February 1979, [[Ayatollah]] Khomeini returned to [[Tehran]] after being exiled by [[Muhammad Reza Pahlavi]] to [[France]]. Several million people received him at the [[Mehrabad International Airport]].<ref name="b">{{cite book|last1=Keshavarz|first1=Kourosh|title=Mirror from Stone|date=2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oJuqM8tfg8AC&pg=PT36&dq=fajr+decade&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimnr_R1sTKAhVMSRoKHQyXDagQ6AEINzAF#v=onepage&q=fajr%20decade&f=false}}</ref> Khomeini then visited the [[Behesht-e Zahra]] cemetery where he gave a lecture. He branded [[Shapour Bakhtiar]]'s cabinet as illegal and said that he will punch Bakhtiar's government in the face.<ref name="c">{{cite book|first1=|title=Iran Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments|date=2012|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=9781438774626|page=65|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HORBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA66&dq=mehdi+bazargan++prime+minister&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiEmMje5cbKAhXJWBQKHcuUDBsQ6AEIIjAB#v=onepage&q=mehdi%20bazargan%20%20prime%20minister&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Wagner2010">{{cite book|author=Heather Lehr Wagner|title=The Iranian Revolution|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TZLq5TzLNqkC|year=2010|publisher=Infobase Publishing|page=13|isbn=978-1-4381-3236-5}}</ref> |
||
== Fajr international festival == |
|||
{{main|Fajr International Film Festival}} |
|||
The [[Fajr International Film Festival]] is held annually in [[Tehran]] during Dahe-ye Fajr. It is organised by the [[Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance]] and was first held in 1982. It is the largest public film, theater, and music festival in [[Iran]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ian Hayden|first1=Smith|title=International Film Guide 2012|date=2012|isbn=978-1908215017|page=146}}</ref> |
|||
== See also == |
== See also == |
||
Revision as of 17:11, 16 February 2016
| History of the Iranian Revolution |
|---|
 |
Dahe-ye Fajr (Persian: دهه فجر, lit. 'ten days of dawn'),[1][2] i.e. dawning of new age, is a ten-day celebration of Ruhollah Khomeini's return to Iran in 1979.[2][3] The annual celebrations last from 1 to 11 February and are a national holiday.[4] The start of the celebration coincides with the date of Ruhollah Khomeini's arrival and the ending with Revolution's victory, a day which is called Islamic Revolution's Victory Day or 22 of Bahman.[3][5]
The ten days
Dahe-ye Fajr marks the anniversary of the ten days from Khomeini's return to Iran (1 February) until the victory day of the Revolution (22 Bahman; 11 February) in 1979.[3]
On the first of February 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Tehran after being exiled by Muhammad Reza Pahlavi to France. Several million people received him at the Mehrabad International Airport.[6] Khomeini then visited the Behesht-e Zahra cemetery where he gave a lecture. He branded Shapour Bakhtiar's cabinet as illegal and said that he will punch Bakhtiar's government in the face.[7][8]
See also
References
- ^ Burke, Andrew; Elliott, Mark (2008). Iran. Lonely Planet. p. 382. ISBN 978-1-74220-349-2. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
- ^ a b Azam Torab (2007). Performing Islam: Gender and Ritual in Islam. BRILL. p. 143,252. ISBN 90-04-15295-4.
- ^ a b c Lloyd Ridgeon; Lloyd V. J. Ridgeon (24 December 2012). Shi'i Islam and Identity: Religion, Politics and Change in the Global Muslim Community. I.B.Tauris. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-84885-649-3.
- ^ Houshang Asadi (1 June 2010). Letters to My Torturer: Love, Revolution, and Imprisonment in Iran. Oneworld Publications. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-78074-031-7.
- ^ Keiko Sakurai; Fariba Adelkhah (7 March 2011). The Moral Economy of the Madrasa: Islam and Education Today. Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-136-89400-8.
- ^ Keshavarz, Kourosh (2009). Mirror from Stone.
- ^ Iran Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments. Lulu.com. 2012. p. 65. ISBN 9781438774626.
- ^ Heather Lehr Wagner (2010). The Iranian Revolution. Infobase Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-4381-3236-5.