Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Difference between revisions
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The '''Seoul Metropolitan Subway''' is the world's most extensive [[Rapid transit|subway system]] by length |
The '''Seoul Metropolitan Subway''' is the world's second most extensive [[Rapid transit|subway system]] by length after the [[Shanghai Metro]]. It is also the world's [[List of metro systems|second largest subway by number of stations]] after the [[New York City Subway]], and the world's [[Metro systems by annual passenger rides|most highly used subway]] consisting of 19 lines that serve the [[Seoul Metropolitan Area]]. |
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The system is rated the world's best subway system by [[Jalopnik]],<ref>[http://jalopnik.com/5958482/the-best-subway-systems-in-the-world The Best Subway Systems In The World]</ref> nicknamed "super highway".<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-22010533 BBC News - Underground world: Seoul's 'super highway' v London's 'rude tube']. Bbc.co.uk (2013-04-03). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> It is notable for its cleanliness and ease of use. Seoul Subway introduced the world's first commercially used [[contactless smart card]] called [[Upass (South Korea)|Upass]] and advanced technology such as [[4G LTE]], [[WiFi]], [[Digital Multimedia Broadcasting|DMB]], and [[WiBro]] accessible in all stations and moving subway cars. Most trains have digital TV screens, and all of them have air conditioning and climate controlled seats installed that are automatically heated in the winter. All [[Seoul Metro]], [[Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation|SMRT]], [[Seoul Subway Line 9|Line 9]],<ref>With the exception of [[Gaehwa Station]].</ref> [[AREX]], [[Sinbundang Line]] and [[U Line]] stations have screen doors installed along with major stations operated by [[Korail]] and [[Incheon Subway|Incheon Transit]].<ref>[http://jymozart2000.blog.me/70169605825 Screen doors installed in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway]. Koreatimes.co.kr (2009-05-05). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> Since 2010, all Seoul Metro stations feature the world's largest digital signage service,<ref>[http://tunpark.blog.me/130083645611 이웃집블로거 빌시 : 네이버 블로그]. Tunpark.blog.me. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> which are smartphone-like 46" touchscreen kiosk stands called Digital View provided by [[Daum Communications|Daum]] that have many apps such as maps having a [[Google Street View]]-like feature, tourist guides, and free phone calls. The world's first virtual mart for [[smartphone]] users opened at [[Seolleung Station]] in 2011.<ref>[http://travel.cnn.com/explorations/life/10-best-metro-systems-746919 What are the world's best metro systems?]</ref> |
The system is rated the world's best subway system by [[Jalopnik]],<ref>[http://jalopnik.com/5958482/the-best-subway-systems-in-the-world The Best Subway Systems In The World]</ref> nicknamed "super highway".<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-22010533 BBC News - Underground world: Seoul's 'super highway' v London's 'rude tube']. Bbc.co.uk (2013-04-03). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> It is notable for its cleanliness and ease of use. Seoul Subway introduced the world's first commercially used [[contactless smart card]] called [[Upass (South Korea)|Upass]] and advanced technology such as [[4G LTE]], [[WiFi]], [[Digital Multimedia Broadcasting|DMB]], and [[WiBro]] accessible in all stations and moving subway cars. Most trains have digital TV screens, and all of them have air conditioning and climate controlled seats installed that are automatically heated in the winter. All [[Seoul Metro]], [[Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation|SMRT]], [[Seoul Subway Line 9|Line 9]],<ref>With the exception of [[Gaehwa Station]].</ref> [[AREX]], [[Sinbundang Line]] and [[U Line]] stations have screen doors installed along with major stations operated by [[Korail]] and [[Incheon Subway|Incheon Transit]].<ref>[http://jymozart2000.blog.me/70169605825 Screen doors installed in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway]. Koreatimes.co.kr (2009-05-05). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> Since 2010, all Seoul Metro stations feature the world's largest digital signage service,<ref>[http://tunpark.blog.me/130083645611 이웃집블로거 빌시 : 네이버 블로그]. Tunpark.blog.me. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref> which are smartphone-like 46" touchscreen kiosk stands called Digital View provided by [[Daum Communications|Daum]] that have many apps such as maps having a [[Google Street View]]-like feature, tourist guides, and free phone calls. The world's first virtual mart for [[smartphone]] users opened at [[Seolleung Station]] in 2011.<ref>[http://travel.cnn.com/explorations/life/10-best-metro-systems-746919 What are the world's best metro systems?]</ref> |
Revision as of 19:17, 28 December 2013
Seoul Metropolitan Subway | |||
---|---|---|---|
Overview | |||
Owner | Seoul Special City, Korea Rail Network Authority, Incheon Metropolitan City, Uijeongbu City, Yongin City | ||
Locale | Seoul, South Korea Incheon, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheongnam-do, Gangwon-do | ||
Transit type | Rapid transit, Commuter rail | ||
Number of lines | 19 | ||
Number of stations | 607 total 411 rapid transit serviced stations, excluding Incheon subway | ||
Daily ridership | 6.9 million (2011) (Seoul Metro/SMRT/Line 9 only) | ||
Annual ridership | 2,518 million (2011) (Seoul Metro/SMRT/Line 9 only)[1] | ||
Operation | |||
Began operation | August 15, 1974 | ||
Operator(s) | Seoul Metro, Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation, Korail, Incheon Transit Corporation, and private rapid transit operators | ||
Technical | |||
System length | 975.4 km (606.1 mi) 537.4 km (333.9 mi) of rapid transit serviced lines, excluding Incheon subway | ||
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | ||
|
The Seoul Metropolitan Subway is the world's second most extensive subway system by length after the Shanghai Metro. It is also the world's second largest subway by number of stations after the New York City Subway, and the world's most highly used subway consisting of 19 lines that serve the Seoul Metropolitan Area.
The system is rated the world's best subway system by Jalopnik,[2] nicknamed "super highway".[3] It is notable for its cleanliness and ease of use. Seoul Subway introduced the world's first commercially used contactless smart card called Upass and advanced technology such as 4G LTE, WiFi, DMB, and WiBro accessible in all stations and moving subway cars. Most trains have digital TV screens, and all of them have air conditioning and climate controlled seats installed that are automatically heated in the winter. All Seoul Metro, SMRT, Line 9,[4] AREX, Sinbundang Line and U Line stations have screen doors installed along with major stations operated by Korail and Incheon Transit.[5] Since 2010, all Seoul Metro stations feature the world's largest digital signage service,[6] which are smartphone-like 46" touchscreen kiosk stands called Digital View provided by Daum that have many apps such as maps having a Google Street View-like feature, tourist guides, and free phone calls. The world's first virtual mart for smartphone users opened at Seolleung Station in 2011.[7]
All lines use the T-money smart payment system utilizing RFID and NFC technology for automatic payment by T-money smart cards, smartphones, or credit cards and one can transfer to any of the other line within the system for free.[8]
Real-time subway arrival times are available for all lines provided through giant LCD screens at all stations, along with apps for smartphones. All directional signs in the system are written in both Korean and English. Station signs and some maps also display Hanja. In the trains, the prerecorded voice announcement that states the upcoming station, any possible line transfer, and the exiting side are all in Korean, followed by those in English. On major stations, this is also followed by the announcement in Japanese, then in Mandarin Chinese.
Lines & Channels
History
- August 15, 1974: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 1, operating from Seongbuk Station to Incheon Station and Suwon Station.
- December 9, 1978: Yongsan - Cheongnyangni line was added to Line 1. Now part of Jungang Line.
- October 10, 1980: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 2.
- 1985: Fare system changed from charging by distance to zone, Edmondson railway ticket changed to magnetic paper ticket.
- April 20, 1985: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 4.
- July 12, 1985: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 3.
- September 1, 1985: Station operations made automatic in the Seoul subway.
- 1991: Station operations made automatic in the entire system.
- April 1, 1994: Opening of Indeogwon - Namtaeryeong extension of Seoul Subway Line 4.
- September 1, 1994: Opening of Bundang Line, operating from Suseo Station to Ori Station.
- November 15, 1995: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 5.
- January 30, 1996: Opening of Jichuk - Daehwa extension of Seoul Subway Line 3.
- March 20, 1996: Opening of Kkachisan - Sindorim extension of Seoul Subway Line 2.
- October 11, 1996: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 7.
- November 23, 1996: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 8.
- October 6, 1999: Opening of Incheon Subway Line 1.
- 2000: All lines unified under the Seoul Metropolitan Subway.
- August 7, 2000: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 6.
- 2004: Fare system changed back to charging by distance. Free transfers with buses introduced.
- January 20, 2005: Opening of Byeongjeom - Cheonan extension of Seoul Subway Line 1.
- December 16, 2005: Opening of Jungang Line, operating from Yongsan Station to Deokso Station.
- December 15, 2006: Opening of Uijeongbu - Soyosan extension of Seoul Subway Line 1. Subway cars from Yongsan Station to Gwangmyeong Station begin operating. Now reduced to Yeongdeungpo - Gwangmyeong.
- March 23, 2007: Opening of AREX.
- December 27, 2007: Opening of Deokso - Paldang extension of Jungang Line.
- December 15, 2008: Opening of Cheonan - Sinchang extension of Seoul Subway Line 1.
- May 1, 2009: Magnetic paper ticket changed to RFID based public transportation card.
- July 1, 2009: Opening of Gyeongui Line, operating from Seoul Station to Munsan Station.
- July 24, 2009: Opening of Seoul Subway Line 9, operating from Gaehwa Station to Sinnonhyeon Station.
- February 26, 2010: Opening of Byeongjeom - Seodongtan extension of Seoul Subway Line 1.
- December 21, 2010: Opening of Gyeongchun Line.
- October 28, 2011: Opening of Sinbundang Line, operating from Gangnam Station to Jeongja Station.
- June 30, 2012: Opening of Suin Line, operating from Oido Station to Songdo Station.
- July 1, 2012: Opening of U Line.
- December 15, 2012: Opening of Gongdeok - Gajwa extension of Gyeongui Line.
- April 26, 2013: Opening of EverLine.
Rolling stock
Fares and ticketing
The current single-use ticket is a credit card-sized plastic card with RFID technology, which are obtained from automated machines in every subway station. A 500 won deposit fee is included in the price, and is refunded when the ticket is returned at any station. Multiple use cards are sold in convenience stores or can be integrated with certain debit cards.
From February 2012, ticket prices are currently 1,050 won for a trip up to 10 km, with 100 won added for each subsequent 5 km.[9] Prices for Sinbundang Line start at 1,750 won, while EverLine and U Line cost 1,300 won. From 2014, Sinbundang Line prices will begin at 1,950 won, while EverLine and U Line will introduce free transfers to other lines and buses. Half-priced children's tickets are available. Riders may also enter the system using a transportation card such as T-money, Upass, and KB Free Pass. There is a 100 won discount for using a transportation card. The city government also uses Seoul Citypass as a transportation card. Senior citizens and disabled people qualify for free transit and can get a free ticket or enter and exit using side gates rather than turnstiles.
Current construction
Opening 2013
- The Gyeongchun Line will open Sinnae Station. (Dec 28)
Opening 2014
- AREX will open Cheongna Int'l City Station.
- The Incheon Airport Maglev, operating at up to 110 km/h, will run from Incheon International Airport Station to Yongyu Station. It will be the world's third operational maglev system serving the public, after Japan's Linimo and the Shanghai Maglev Train.
- Line 9 will be extended from Sinnonhyeon to Sports Complex.
- The closed Yongsan Line is being rebuilt as the connecting piece between the Gyeongui Line and Jungang Line to create one very long line.[10]
- Noryangjin Station, which connects Line 1 and Line 9, will get a tunnel connecting the two stations. Currently, riders must exit the station to complete the transfer with holders of single-use tickets paying twice.
Opening 2015
- Incheon Subway Line 2 is planned to open with 27 stations over 29.3 km from Oryu dong in Seo-gu to Incheon Grand Park.[11] The line been under construction since June 26, 2009 and was planned to open in August 2014,[12] but was pushed back to July 2015.[13] It will intersect Line 1 at Incheon City Hall Station, Korail Line 1 at Juan Station, and AREX at Geomam Station.
- The Yeoju Line will be an 11-station line in Gyeonggi-do that will intersect both the Sinbundang Line and Bundang Line as it heads east.
- The Suin Line will open in Phase 2, which is an extension from Songdo Station to Incheon Station, along with Phase 3 between Suwon station and Hanyang University at Ansan station, which will merge with the Bundang Line in December.
Opening 2016+
- Sinbundang Line's Phase 2 (2016) will extend the southern end of the line by five stops with four additional proposed stops.[14]
- A Light Rapid Transit line named Ui LRT will be a 11.4 km (7.1 mi) line from Ui-dong to Sinseol Dong in northern Seoul.[15] The line is expected to carry 110,000 passengers per day, and will have 12 stations. It will connect to Line 4 at Sungshin Women's University, Line 6 at Bomun, and Line 1 & Line 2 at Sinseol Dong.[16]
- The Sosa–Wonsi Line is a 12-station line in southwestern Seoul with transfers to Line 1 and Line 4. Opening is set for April 2016.
- Line 9 is being extended eastward to Korea Veteran's Hospital Station by 2016.
Planned construction
There are several major works that are either still in the planning stage or are waiting for construction to commence.
- (2014 ~ 2017) Line 8 will be extended north by 11.37 km to intersect Guri Station and Byeolnae Station on the Gyeongchun Line.[17]
- The northern end of Line 4 will be extended by three stations from Danggogae to Jinjeop, Namyangju. Construction will begin in 2015, with the expected completion date in 2019.[18]
- (2013 ~ 2022) Sin Ansan Line will connect Ansan, Siheung, Seoul Station, and Cheongnyangni Station. At its terminus at Cheongnyangni, the line will be connected to a new light rail line called Myeonmok Light Rail Line.[citation needed]
- An interchange station of Line 2, Line 5, Jungang Line, Bundang Line, and Dongbuk Light Rail Line is planned from Wangsimni Station.[19]
- Incheon Line 3 is planned to be a semicircular subway line of Incheon. It will intersect Seoul Subway Line 1 at Dowon Station and Dongmak Station at Incheon Subway Line 1, as well as at the future Incheon Subway Line 2.[20]
- Myeonmokseon LRT (면목선 경전철) is a planned 12-station, 9.05 km line from Cheongnyangni Station to the future Sinnae Station. Customers will be able to transfer to Seoul Subway Lines 1, 6, 7, and the Gyeongchun Line. The cost is estimated at 855.9 billion Won. Construction is scheduled to begin at the end of 2013 and end in 2018.[21][22]
- Line 7 will get two more stations to the west to link up to Incheon Line 2. The 3.94 km extension is due for completion in 2018.[23] Construction will commence in 2013.
- Gimpo City will have its own subway line (김포도시철도) stretching 23.61 km over 9 stations. Completion target is the end of 2018.[citation needed]
- Incheon Line 1 will get one more station to Songdo Landmark City 0.84 km beyond International Business District Station. Construction is planned to start in 2013 and be completed the end of 2018.[23]
- EverLine might get a 6.8 km extension from Gugal station to the future Gwanggyo Station on the Sinbundang Line.[24]
- Several Light Rapid Transit lines are under various forms of construction.[citation needed]
Construction on-hold
- Wolmi Galaxy Rail (월미은하레일 Wolmi Eunha Reil) is a completed, but currently nonoperational monorail on the island of Wolmido in Incheon, South Korea. The line was scheduled to open in March 2010,[25] but opening is currently indefinitely on-hold.[26]
See also
- Incheon Subway
- Pyongyang Metro
- List of Korea-related topics
- List of metro systems
- List of urban rail systems by length
- Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations
- Top 10 metro systems in terms of annual passenger rides
- Top 10 metro systems in terms of number of stations
- Transportation in South Korea
References
- ^ http://stat.seoul.go.kr/Seoul_System3.jsp?stc_cd=273 서울 통계표
- ^ The Best Subway Systems In The World
- ^ BBC News - Underground world: Seoul's 'super highway' v London's 'rude tube'. Bbc.co.uk (2013-04-03). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
- ^ With the exception of Gaehwa Station.
- ^ Screen doors installed in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway. Koreatimes.co.kr (2009-05-05). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
- ^ 이웃집블로거 빌시 : 네이버 블로그. Tunpark.blog.me. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
- ^ What are the world's best metro systems?
- ^ With the exception of AREX on Yeongjong Island (extra charge applied depending on distance) and Sinbundang Line (extra flat charge of 700KRW). EverLine and U Line will allow free transfers from 2014.
- ^ "9호선/수도권 전철 읍데이트들 - Misc Subway Updates" (Blog). Rick&Nyo. 19 April 2012. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
{{cite web}}
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missing|last=
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(help)|authorlink=
- ^ "경의선 효창정거장 부지 220m 때문에…" ((Korean Language)). Chosun. 2011-08-25. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Incheon metro Line 2 signalling contract awarded". Railway Gazette International. 2010-02-09.
- ^ 최, 미경 (June 22, 2012). "인천시의회, 하루 만에 뒤집다" (Korean). Kiho News. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ^ "DX Line 홈페이지에 오신것을 환영합니다" (Korean Language). Shin Bundang. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ http://www.uitrans.co.kr/data/c_present.html
- ^ Bak, Yongson (2011-05-04). "경기북부 연장 광역전철 '윤곽 잡혔다'". Yonhap News. Retrieved 07 Sept 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
(help) - ^ "4호선 연장 및 창동차량기지 이전 공동 선언식" (Korean). 연합뉴스. October 17, 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
- ^ [3]
- ^ [4][dead link]
- ^ Lee, Jinchol (July 10, 2011). "청량리-신내역 면목선 경전철 민자사업 본격화". E Daily Jonghab News. Retrieved 09 Sept. 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
(help) - ^ Kim, Gyeongtaek (July 11, 2011). "청량리~신내역 경전철 면목선 2013년 착공". Kukmin Ilbo Kuki News. Retrieved 02 Sept. 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
(help) - ^ a b "사업소개" (Korean Language). 도시철도건설본부. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
{{cite web}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=
(help) - ^ "(경기도 도시철도) 용인경전철 연장" (Korean Language). Future Rail Database. 2011-12-09. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
- ^ 현대일보 지역정보 행사정보. Hyundaiilbo.com (1970-01-01). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
- ^ 개통 앞둔 월미은하레일 '시운전', Kyeongin-ilbo.
External links
- Official Homepages
- City Government
- The Seoul Underground Subway: Official Seoul Tourism
- English-language WMV video describing Seoul Subway history, current construction and future projects
- Seoul subway Guide