Futanari: Difference between revisions
addtion |
|||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
<!-- BEFORE REMOVING THIS IMAGE, PLEASE READ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTCENSORED |
<!-- BEFORE REMOVING THIS IMAGE, PLEASE READ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTCENSORED |
||
ALSO, NOTE THAT THIS ARTICLE HAS A TALK PAGE. PLEASE DISCUSS PROPOSED CHANGES THERE. Thank you. --> |
ALSO, NOTE THAT THIS ARTICLE HAS A TALK PAGE. PLEASE DISCUSS PROPOSED CHANGES THERE. Thank you. --> |
||
[[File:Futanari.png|thumb|Example illustration of two common futanari variants]] |
|||
{{nihongo|'''Futanari'''|ふたなり||seldom: {{lang|ja|二形}}, {{lang|ja|双形}}, literally: ‚''dual form''‘, {{lang|ja|二成}}, {{lang|ja|双成}}, literally: ''[to be of] two kinds''}}, is the [[Japanese language|Japanese]] word for [[hermaphrodite|hermaphroditism]], which is also used in a broader sense for [[androgyny]].<ref name="Leupp">Leupp, Gary P.[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=a6q-PqPDAmIC&pg=PA174&dq=futanari&hl=en&ei=XlcnTLqUII7KjAeW-7V5&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=futanari&f=false ''Male Colors: The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan''], University of California Press 1997, p. 174, ISBN 978-0-520-20900-8</ref><ref name="krauss">{{de icon}} Krauss, Friedrich Salomo et al. ''Japanisches Geschlechtsleben: Abhandlungen und Erhebungen über das Geschlechtsleben des japanischen Volkes ; folkloristische Studien'', Schustek, 1965, pp. 79, 81</ref> |
{{nihongo|'''Futanari'''|ふたなり||seldom: {{lang|ja|二形}}, {{lang|ja|双形}}, literally: ‚''dual form''‘, {{lang|ja|二成}}, {{lang|ja|双成}}, literally: ''[to be of] two kinds''}}, is the [[Japanese language|Japanese]] word for [[hermaphrodite|hermaphroditism]], which is also used in a broader sense for [[androgyny]].<ref name="Leupp">Leupp, Gary P.[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=a6q-PqPDAmIC&pg=PA174&dq=futanari&hl=en&ei=XlcnTLqUII7KjAeW-7V5&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=futanari&f=false ''Male Colors: The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan''], University of California Press 1997, p. 174, ISBN 978-0-520-20900-8</ref><ref name="krauss">{{de icon}} Krauss, Friedrich Salomo et al. ''Japanisches Geschlechtsleben: Abhandlungen und Erhebungen über das Geschlechtsleben des japanischen Volkes ; folkloristische Studien'', Schustek, 1965, pp. 79, 81</ref> |
||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
[[File:Dosojin01s2040.jpg|thumb|left|Stones (with [[Shimenawa]]) representing Dōsojin found near [[Karuizawa, Nagano|Karuizawa]], [[Nagano]]]] |
[[File:Dosojin01s2040.jpg|thumb|left|Stones (with [[Shimenawa]]) representing Dōsojin found near [[Karuizawa, Nagano|Karuizawa]], [[Nagano]]]] |
||
{{Transgender sidebar}} |
{{Transgender sidebar}} |
||
The Japanese [[folk religion]], like many other folk religions, created diverse fantasies related to the [[sexual characteristics]]. Traditional vocal pieces, that date back hundreds of years, deliver rough evidence that a change of gender was not ruled out and that the representation of the gender was used to worship deities – like the [[Dōsojin]] which sometimes had ambiguous gender, being neither male nor female.<ref name="Leupp"/> Likewise spread was the belief that some persons could change their gender depending on the [[moon phase]]. This coined the term ''hangetsu'' ({{lang|ja|半月}}), which can be literally translated as ′half month′ or ′half moon′, and was used describe such beings. It is assumed that the [[Japanese clothing|traditional clothing]], which made it more difficult to distinguish men from women like in other cultures, might had a strong influence on this development. To restrict women from accessing prohibited areas guard posts where assigned to perform body checks. In historic records it can be seen that guards liked to joke about this matter quite frequently, resulting in various stories or even poems. If anatomical anomalies, like the [[clitoromegaly]] or the [[ |
The Japanese [[folk religion]], like many other folk religions, created diverse fantasies related to the [[sexual characteristics]]. Traditional vocal pieces, that date back hundreds of years, deliver rough evidence that a change of gender was not ruled out and that the representation of the gender was used to worship deities – like the [[Dōsojin]] which sometimes had ambiguous gender, being neither male nor female. As a side note Leupp mentions the origins might be even reaching back to the origins of the [[buddhism]], since the deities would not necessarily have a fixed or determinable gender.<ref name="Leupp"/> Likewise spread was the belief that some persons could change their gender depending on the [[moon phase]]. This coined the term ''hangetsu'' ({{lang|ja|半月}}), which can be literally translated as ′half month′ or ′half moon′, and was used describe such beings. It is assumed that the [[Japanese clothing|traditional clothing]], which made it more difficult to distinguish men from women like in other cultures, might had a strong influence on this development. To restrict women from accessing prohibited areas guard posts where assigned to perform body checks. In historic records it can be seen that guards liked to joke about this matter quite frequently, resulting in various stories or even poems. If anatomical anomalies, like the [[clitoromegaly]] or the [[sex-determination system|sexual maldevelopment]], lead to this assumptions, remains an open question.<ref name="krauss"/> |
||
At the end of the [[heian period]] (from the 12th to 14th centuries) dances from [[Shirabyōshi]] ({{lang|ja|白拍子}}) were quite popular. This shows were performed by men disguised as woman performing traditional dances and served to amuse the imperial court.<ref name="Leupp"/> |
|||
Until 1644, when Japanese ''[[onnagata]]'' actors were required to adopt male hairstyles regardless of the gender they were portraying, actors playing characters such as female warriors capitalised on the interest in the ''futanari'' quality, which was common in both [[samurai]] and commoner society.<ref name=Leupp /> |
Until 1644, when Japanese ''[[onnagata]]'' actors were required to adopt male hairstyles regardless of the gender they were portraying, actors playing characters such as female warriors capitalised on the interest in the ''futanari'' quality, which was common in both [[samurai]] and commoner society.<ref name=Leupp /> |
||
Revision as of 21:35, 17 December 2013
Futanari (ふたなり, seldom: 二形, 双形, literally: ‚dual form‘, 二成, 双成, literally: [to be of] two kinds), is the Japanese word for hermaphroditism, which is also used in a broader sense for androgyny.[1][2]
Beyond Japan the term is used to describe a commonly pornographic genre of computer games, comics and animations, which includes characters that show both primary sexual characteristics.[1] But in today's language it refers almost exclusively for characters who have an overall feminine appearance. In that case the term is also often abbreviated as futa(s), which is occasionally also used as a generalized term for the works itself.[2]
Historic Origin
| Part of a series on |
| Transgender topics |
|---|
 Category |
The Japanese folk religion, like many other folk religions, created diverse fantasies related to the sexual characteristics. Traditional vocal pieces, that date back hundreds of years, deliver rough evidence that a change of gender was not ruled out and that the representation of the gender was used to worship deities – like the Dōsojin which sometimes had ambiguous gender, being neither male nor female. As a side note Leupp mentions the origins might be even reaching back to the origins of the buddhism, since the deities would not necessarily have a fixed or determinable gender.[1] Likewise spread was the belief that some persons could change their gender depending on the moon phase. This coined the term hangetsu (半月), which can be literally translated as ′half month′ or ′half moon′, and was used describe such beings. It is assumed that the traditional clothing, which made it more difficult to distinguish men from women like in other cultures, might had a strong influence on this development. To restrict women from accessing prohibited areas guard posts where assigned to perform body checks. In historic records it can be seen that guards liked to joke about this matter quite frequently, resulting in various stories or even poems. If anatomical anomalies, like the clitoromegaly or the sexual maldevelopment, lead to this assumptions, remains an open question.[2]
At the end of the heian period (from the 12th to 14th centuries) dances from Shirabyōshi (白拍子) were quite popular. This shows were performed by men disguised as woman performing traditional dances and served to amuse the imperial court.[1]
Until 1644, when Japanese onnagata actors were required to adopt male hairstyles regardless of the gender they were portraying, actors playing characters such as female warriors capitalised on the interest in the futanari quality, which was common in both samurai and commoner society.[1]
In anime and manga
There is a specific futanari genre within hentai (pornographic anime or manga related media), which depicts hermaphrodite characters. Inside the Japanese language futanari originally referred to any character or person that possessed masculine and feminine traits. As the genre got more popular in the '90s it is now usually used to name the genre, to define the characters and to refer to works that depict hermaphrodite characters, specifically, women with both male and female genitals.[3] Inside the English language they are also often referred as shemale, despite the fact that this term is technically inaccurate, is not of Japanese origin and is often seen as vulgar. While the English speaking community adopted the more polite term futanari (or short futa [ふた]), the Japanese community adopted the English term newhalf (ニューハーフ), with futanari tending to refer to hermaphrodites and newhalf tending to refer to women with a not very feminine appearance (e.g. tomboy) and only male genitals.
Origins
Futanari manga became popular in the 1990s and quickly became a pervasive part of the industry, cross-pollinating with multiple genres.[4] Toshiki Yui's Hot Tails has been described as the best known example of the genre in the West.[4]
In anime aimed at a broad audience, the gender bender or cross-dressing storylines have always been popular. Popular examples include anime such as Ranma ½, Kampfer and Futaba-Kun Change! (in which the main character changes from male to female)[5] and I My Me! Strawberry Eggs (which takes on a more cross-dressing theme).
See also
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Leupp, Gary P.Male Colors: The Construction of Homosexuality in Tokugawa Japan, University of California Press 1997, p. 174, ISBN 978-0-520-20900-8
- ^ a b c Template:De icon Krauss, Friedrich Salomo et al. Japanisches Geschlechtsleben: Abhandlungen und Erhebungen über das Geschlechtsleben des japanischen Volkes ; folkloristische Studien, Schustek, 1965, pp. 79, 81
- ^ Jacobs, Katrien (2007). Netporn: DIY web culture and sexual politics. Critical media studies: institutions, politics, and culture. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 103–104. ISBN 0-7425-5432-5.
- ^ a b Thompson, Jason (October 9, 2007). "Adult Reviews". Manga: The Complete Guide. New York, New York: Del Rey. p. 452. ISBN 978-0-345-48590-8. OCLC 85833345.
- ^ Timothy Perper. "Sex, Love and Women in Japanese Comics". International Encyclopedia of Sexuality. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)
Bibliography
- Jensen, Nate. (2009) Japanese-English Guide to Sex, Kink and Naughtiness. ISBN 978-1-4421-0876-9.
External links
The dictionary definition of futanari at Wiktionary
| Gender identities | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health care and medicine | |||||||||
| Rights | |||||||||
| Discrimination | |||||||||
| Society and culture | |||||||||
| Theory and concepts |
| ||||||||
| By country |
| ||||||||
| See also | |||||||||
Main article: Sexual minorities in Japan | |||||||||||||
| Law | |||||||||||||
| History |
| ||||||||||||
| Culture |
| ||||||||||||
| Related | |||||||||||||
