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Siobhán O'Donnell

Siobhán O'Neill, Countess of Tyrone[1] (née O'Donnell; Irish: Siobhán Ní Domhnaill; died January 1591), sometimes anglicised Joanna, Joan, or Judith,[2] was a sixteenth-century Irish Gaelic noblewoman of the O'Donnell clan. She was the second wife of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, bearing him most of his children.

Siobhán O'Donnell
Siobhán Ní Domhnaill
Countess of Tyrone
Coat of arms
BornSixteenth century
DiedJanuary 1591
Noble familyO'Donnell dynasty
Spouse(s)Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone (m. 1574)
IssueNumerous, including Alice O'Neill
FatherHugh McManus O'Donnell
MotherNuala O'Neill

Family background

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She was the daughter of Irish chief Sir Hugh McManus O'Donnell, Lord of Tyrconnell.[3] Her mother was Sir Hugh's first wife, who historian Francis Martin O'Donnell has named as "Nuala, a daughter of O’Neill".[4]

Historian Helena Concannon believes Siobhán was born c. 1569,[5] and that her mother was Sir Hugh's second wife Iníon Dubh,[6] whom he married not later than 1569.[7][2] However, Siobhán's marriage in 1574 makes that date of birth extremely unlikely.[8][1]

Siobhán's most prominent full-sibling was Donal O'Donnell. He attempted to depose his father, and in September 1590's Battle of Doire Leathan, Donal was killed by Scottish Redshanks led by his step-mother Iníon Dubh.[7][9] Siobhan's younger half-siblings included chiefs Hugh Roe O'Donnell[10] and Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell.[11]

Marriage

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From the late-1560s to early-1570s, Hugh O'Neill, Baron Dungannon, allied with many neighbouring clans to strength his political position.[3] Siobhán married O'Neill in June 1574.[8][1] Walter Devereaux, the 1st Earl of Essex, announced their marriage on 14 June.[2] O'Neill had annulled his first marriage earlier the same year, on the grounds of consanguinity.[12] This was in order to cut ties with his first father-in-law, who had been arrested for treason.[13]

In 1579, O'Neill became frustrated with his failure to seize the title of The O'Neill from clan chief Turlough Luineach O'Neill. He repudiated his marriage to Siobhán, and planned to wed one of Turlough's daughters, in a ploy to become Turlough's tanist. His plan failed and Hugh reconciled with Siobhán.[3]

The O'Neill-O'Donnell clan alliance would develop further by 1587, when Siobhán's younger half-brother Hugh Roe was betrothed to Rose, O'Neill's daughter[14][15][10] (born from either an earlier marriage[16] or a concubine[17]).

Death

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In a letter dated 31 January 1591, O'Neill references Siobhán's recent death.[18] He remarried to Anglo-Irish noblewoman Mabel Bagenal on 3 August 1591.[19]

Children

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Siobhán and Hugh had two sons and multiple daughters:

Family tree

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Notes

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  1. ^ Her death date has alternately been given as 1639, 26 April 1640, or sometime after 31 March 1642.[24]
  2. ^ Dunlop believes that her mother was Catherine Magennis.[20] More recently, Casway and Cokayne believe her mother was Siobhan O'Donnell,[1][34] which, based on Alice's birthdate, is more likely.
  3. ^ Sources disagree on Henry's date of death: 1610,[42][43] c. September 1617,[40] c. 1620,[41] or c. 1626.[20] It is clear that he died sometime before the publication of Philip O'Sullivan Beare's Historia Catholica in 1621.[44]
  1. ^ Historian Francis Martin O'Donnell has named Sir Hugh's first wife as "Nuala, a daughter of O’Neill".[ii]
  2. ^ Concannon believed Siobhán was born c. 1569, and that her mother was Iníon Dubh,[iii] who married Sir Hugh around that time. However, Siobhán married Hugh O'Neill in 1574, making that date of birth unlikely. Casway and Walsh believe Siobhán's mother was Sir Hugh's first wife.[iv][v]
  3. ^ In a letter dated 31 January 1591, O'Neill references Siobhán's recent death.[v]
  4. ^ Her death date has alternately been given as 1639, 26 April 1640, or sometime after 31 March 1642.[v]
  5. ^ Walsh believes her birth date was c. 1588.[v]
  6. ^ Sources disagree on Henry's date of death: 1610,[iv] c. 1620,[xix] or c. 1626.[viii] It is clear that he died sometime before the publication of Philip O'Sullevan's Historia Catholica in 1621.[v]
  7. ^ The historicity of this person is disputed.[xx]
  8. ^ According to the English officials who wrote the Calendar of State Papers, Hugh Roe personally killed Niall Garve's four-year-old son (also his own nephew)[xlviii]
  9. ^ Gráinne is known only as a sister of the Earl (i.e., Rory), with no additional information.[lix]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnaill), Sir Aodh mac Maghnusa". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006332.v1.
  2. ^ O'Donnell, Francis Martin (15 November 2018). "The O'Donnells of Tyrconnell – A Hidden Legacy (Maunsel Irish Research Series)". Academica Press. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  3. ^ a b Concannon, p. 218-219 "Siobhan was probably the eldest of the family, and must have been born not later than 1569." "We know little of Siobhan, who can hardly have been more than one-and- twenty, when she died in 1590."
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Casway 2016
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Walsh 1930
  6. ^ a b Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004, p. 511-512
  7. ^ O'Byrne, Emmett; Clarke, Aidan; Barry, Judy (October 2009). "Bagenal (O'Neill), Mabel". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006953.v1. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d e Dunlop 1895, p. 196
  9. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004, p. 839
  10. ^ Morgan 2014
  11. ^ Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003.
  12. ^ a b Hill 1873, page 222. "Sir Randal Macdonnell was married about the year 1604 to Ellis or Alice O'Neill, the third daughter of Hugh earl of Tyrone. This lady, who was born in 1583, was in her twenty-first year at the time of her marriage, and was younger than either of her sisters, lady Macmahon or Lady Maginnis. She was older than her brother Hugh, the baron of Dungannon."
  13. ^ Cokayne 1910. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."
  14. ^ Ohlmeyer, Jane H (2001) [1993]. Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim. Dublin: Four Courts Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0521419789.
  15. ^ Cokayne 1910. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."
  16. ^ Ohlmeyer, Jane H (2001) [1993]. Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim. Dublin: Four Courts Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0521419789.
  17. ^ Concannon, p. 218 "The inscription on the tomb in San Pietro in Montorio shows that her eldest child, Hugh, was born in 1585."
  18. ^ Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459: "..he died unmarried on the 23rd of September, 1609, aged twenty-four... and was buried in the church of St. Peter's in Montorio..."
  19. ^ a b Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459
  20. ^ Ó Domhnaill, Niall; Na Glúnta Rosannacha (1952), page 87
  21. ^ Annals of the Four Masters: "1590: ...the son of O'Donnell himself, who, being unable to display prowess or defend himself, was slain at Doire-leathan, on one side of the harbour of Telinn, on the 14th of September."
  22. ^ Morgan 1993, page 107
  23. ^ O'Donnell, Francis Martin (2020). What did they really look like? An Iconography of the O'Donnells of Tyrconnell: myth, allegory, prejudice, and evidence. Tyrconnell-Fyngal Publishing.
  24. ^ O'Byrne, Emmett (2009). "MacDonnell (Nic Dhomhnaill), Fiona (Fionnghuala) ('Iníon Dubh')". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006337.v1.
  25. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 17
  26. ^ Morgan 1993, p. 124
  27. ^ Starke 1984, page 3
  28. ^ Donegal County Archives. The Flight of the Earls: Document Study Pack.
  29. ^ Annals of the Four Masters: "1602:...O'Donnell should take the disease of his death and the sickness of his dissolution; and, after lying seventeen days on the bed, he died, on the 10th of September, in the house which the King of Spain himself had at that town (Simancas)...""
  30. ^ a b Morgan, Hiram (October 2009). "O'Donnell, 'Red' Hugh (Ó Domhnaill, Aodh Ruadh)". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006343.v1.
  31. ^ a b c Bagwell 1895
  32. ^ a b c O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'Donnell (Ó Domhnall), Ruaidhrí". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006701.v1. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
  33. ^ a b c Webb 1878
  34. ^ a b Silke 2006 "Hugh Albert O'Donnell, born [to Rory and Bridget] about October 1606, was the only son of this marriage, Mary Stuart O'Donnell being born about a year later."
  35. ^ Bagwell 1895 "About ninety persons sailed with the earls, among whom were Tyrconnel's son Hugh, aged eleven months..."
  36. ^ Ulwencreutz, Lars (2013), Ulwencreutz's The Royal Families in Europe V, Lulu.com, p. 136, ISBN 978-1-304-58135-8 "Hugh O'Donnell, 2nd Earl of Tyrconnell (1606-1642) Prince and Lord of Tryconnell".
  37. ^ "O'Donnell, Lady Mary Stuart (b. 1607?, d. in or after 1639), noblewoman". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20557. Retrieved 2024-04-24. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  38. ^ Casway 2009. Casway gives her birthdate as c. 1575
  39. ^ Concannon, p. 218 "O'Clery tells us that Nuala was already married to Niall Garbh in 1592. This will place her birth-year with some degree of probability about 1577 — not later."
  40. ^ Knox 2002, p. 26. In contrast to Concannon, Knox believes Nuala was Rory's older sister.
  41. ^ Casway, Jerrold (July 2007). "Women in Flight". History Ireland. 15 (4). Retrieved 18 April 2024.
  42. ^ a b c Casway 2009
  43. ^ O'Sullivan Beare 2008. Philip O'Sullivan Beare notes that Manus's death (October 1600) occurred shortly after Nuala and Niall separated.
  44. ^ a b Dunlop, Robert. "O'Donnell, Niall Garv". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. 41.
  45. ^ a b Hill 1873, page 221
  46. ^ Annals of the Four Masters: "1608: Niall Garv O'Donnell, with his brothers Hugh Boy and Donnell, and his son, Naghtan, were taken prisoners about the festival of St. John in this year."
  47. ^ McGurk, John (August 2007). "The Flight of the Earls: escape or strategic regrouping?". History Ireland. 15 (4).
  48. ^ McGurk, John (2006). Sir Henry Docwra, 1564-1631: Derry's Second Founder. Four Courts Press. p. 93–95.
  49. ^ "O'Donnell". 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. 20. 1911.
  50. ^ Concannon, p. 218 "Manus may have been born about 1579 or 1580. He was old enough to play a man's part in the battle in which he met his death at the hands of Niall Garbh (A.D. 1600)" Lughaidh Ó Cléirigh names the sons in the order of their birth: Hugh Roe, Ruairi, Manus and Cathbar.
  51. ^ Concannon, p. 232
  52. ^ a b c Clavin 2009
  53. ^ Pollard, Albert Frederick. "O'Cahan, Donnell Ballagh". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900. 41.
  54. ^ a b Gallogy, Dan (1963). "Brian Oge O'Rourke and the Nine Years War". Breifne Journal. 2: 194–195.
  55. ^ a b Casway, Jerrold (1988). "The Last Lords of Leitrim: The Sons of Teige O'Rourke". Breifne Journal. VII: 561–562.
  56. ^ Concannon, p. 218
  57. ^ a b c d e McGettigan 2009
  58. ^ Annals of the Four Masters: "[Flight of the Earls, September] 1607: ...Rose, the daughter of O'Doherty, and wife of Caffar, with her son, Hugh, aged two years and three months..."
  59. ^ O'Donnell, Eunan; Reflection on the Flight of the Earls; Donegal Annual, Bliainiris Dhún na nGall, Journal of the County Donegal Historical Society, No. 58 (2006); pp. 31-44.
  1. ^ a b c d Casway 2016, p. 71.
  2. ^ a b c Walsh 1930, p. 17.
  3. ^ a b c Morgan, Hiram (September 2014). "O'Neill, Hugh". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006962.v1. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  4. ^ O'Donnell, Francis Martin (15 November 2018). "The O'Donnells of Tyrconnell – A Hidden Legacy (Maunsel Irish Research Series)". Academica Press. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  5. ^ Concannon 1920, p. 218-219. "Siobhan was probably the eldest of the family, and must have been born not later than 1569." "We know little of Siobhan, who can hardly have been more than one-and- twenty, when she died in 1590."
  6. ^ Concannon 1920.
  7. ^ a b O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "MacDonnell (Nic Dhomhnaill), Fiona (Fionnghuala) ('Iníon Dubh')". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006337.v1.
  8. ^ a b Canny 2004, p. 511-512.
  9. ^ Annals of the Four Masters
  10. ^ a b Morgan, Hiram (October 2009). "O'Donnell, 'Red' Hugh (Ó Domhnaill, Aodh Ruadh)". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006343.v1.
  11. ^ Webb, Alfred (1878). "Rury O'Donnell". A Compendium of Irish Biography.
  12. ^ Canny 2004.
  13. ^ Casway 2016, p. 70-71.
  14. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 36.
  15. ^ Morgan 1993, p. 124.
  16. ^ Casway 2016, p. 78.
  17. ^ McGettigan 2005, p. 55.
  18. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 26.
  19. ^ O'Byrne, Emmett; Clarke, Aidan; Barry, Judy (October 2009). "Bagenal (O'Neill), Mabel". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006953.v1. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  20. ^ a b c d Dunlop 1895, p. 196.
  21. ^ Walsh 1930, pp. 35–36.
  22. ^ Matthew, H. C. G. (Henry Colin Gray); Harrison, Brian; British Academy (2004). Oxford dictionary of national biography : in association with the British Academy : from the earliest times to the year 2000. Internet Archive. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1. "Shortly before 8 October 1596 he married Margaret O'Neill, daughter of Hugh O'Neill, earl of Tyrone, with whom he had three sons and six daughters."{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  23. ^ Edwards, David (October 2009). "Butler, Richard". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.001283.v1. Archived from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 18 September 2024.
  24. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 39.
  25. ^ Dunlop 1895, p. 196; Casway 2016, pp. 71, 73, 78.
  26. ^ Walsh 1930, pp. 38–39.
  27. ^ Guinness, Henry S. (1932). "Magennis of Iveagh". The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. 2 (1): 97. ISSN 0035-9106.
  28. ^ Humphrys, Mark (21 May 2011). "The Queen's Irish ancestors". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  29. ^ Humphrys, Mark. "The Queen's Irish ancestry". humphrysfamilytree.com. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  30. ^ Casway 2016, pp. 71, 78.
  31. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 40.
  32. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 33.
  33. ^ Hill, George (1877). An historical account of the plantation in Ulster at the commencement of the seventeenth century, 1608-1620. Belfast: McCaw, Stevenson and Orr. p. 41.
  34. ^ Cokayne 1910, p. 174. "[The 1st Earl of Antrim] m., 1604, Alice, da. of Hugh (O'Neill), Earl of Tyrone [I], by his 2nd wife, Joanna, da. of Hugh McManus O'Donnell."
  35. ^ a b Hill 1873, p. 222.
  36. ^ Ohlmeyer 2001, p. 359. "O'Neill, Ellis (Alice), countess of Antrim (d. c. 1665) ..."
  37. ^ Casway 2016, pp. 71, 78; Cokayne 1910, p. 174; Hill 1873, p. 222.
  38. ^ Casway 2016, p. 71–72.
  39. ^ Concannon 1920, p. 218. "The inscription on the tomb in San Pietro in Montorio shows that her eldest child, Hugh, was born in 1585."
  40. ^ a b c Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003. p. 3006
  41. ^ a b Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 1867, p. 459.
  42. ^ Casway 2016, p. 72.
  43. ^ Walsh 1974, p. 320.
  44. ^ Walsh 1930, p. 30.

Sources

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