石

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石	U+77F3, 石 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77F3

← 矲
[U+77F2]

ЦЈК јединствени идеограми

矴 →
[U+77F4]

⽯	U+2F6F, ⽯ KANGXI RADICAL STONE

← ⽮
[U+2F6E]

Kangxi Radicals

⽰ →
[U+2F70]

међународно

Редослед писања

Редослед писања

Han character

Види слике од
Радикал 112 石

石 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一口 (MR), четири-угла 1060₀, composition ⿸丆口)

Кангци радикал #112, ⽯.

Derived characters

Додатак:Кинески радикал/石
佦, 㓈, 𠰴, 坧, 妬, 𡯝, 𡶌, 𫹺, 拓, 沰, 𨒙, 𪰒, 柘, 𣭏, 炻, 𤤟, 𦚈, 祏, 䄷, 䇉, 袥, 𫂹, 䖨, 𧣔, 𧦳, 䞠, 跖, 𨋓, 鉐(𬬷), 鮖, 鼫, 𮯂
劯, 斫, 𣗁, 䲽, 宕, 岩, 沯, 𥥔, 𫅂, 雼, 𡻦, 𮫁, 𪔑, 𪊞, 𭚇, 乭, 𭀽, 𡊵, 𡶪, 𤇈, 㸴, 𧵔, 𨀂, 𨥴, 䦒, 𡇈, 唘, 䀾, 㻹

References

KangXi: page 827, карактер 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 24024
Dae Jaweon: страна 1239, карактер 7
Hanyu Da Zidian: том 4, страна 2416, карактер 1
Unihan data за U+77F3

Језици (6)

Kunigami • Miyako • Okinawan • Old Japanese • Yaeyama • Yonaguni

Страна категорија

Кинески

једн. and трад.		石

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 石
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (石) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
柘
妬
蠹
沰
拓
橐
袥
驝
斫
磭
磔
跖
石
碩
祏
鉐
鼫

Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) : a stone beneath a cliff (厂). The cliff was subsequently distorted into 丆.

Alternatively, a cave set into the side of a cliff or mountain.

Etymology 1

Непознато. Probably related to Proto-Vietic *l-taːʔ (“stone”) (whence Вијетнамски đá) and Khmer ដា (daa, “rock; stone”) (Schuessler, 2007), to which Chinese would have added the familiar final -k.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

石

stone; rock (Класификатор: 嚿 c; 塊／块 c)
A презиме..
石陽／石阳 ― Shí Yáng ― Shih Yang (a pirate leader who terrorized the China Seas during the early 19th century)

Synonyms

The dial-syn page 「石頭」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

Compounds

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (石):

→ Јапански: 石(せき) (seki)
→ Корејски: 석(石) (seok)
→ Вијетнамски: thạch (石)

(Others)

→ Tocharian B: cāk

Etymology 2

From 擔／担 (dàn) (Qiu, 1988).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

石

^† a unit of dry measure for grain (equal to 100 liters)

Compounds

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Јапански

Kanji

石

(Први grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じゃく (jaku)^{←じやく (zyaku, historical)}
Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
Kan’yō-on: こく (koku, Jōyō ^†); しゃく (shaku, Jōyō ^†)^{←しやく (syaku, historical)}
Kun: いし (ishi, 石, Jōyō); いわ (iwa)^{←いは (ifa, historical)}
Nanori: あつ (atsu); いさ (isa); いす (isu); いそ (iso); かた (kata); し (shi); せっく (sekku); と (to)

Compounds

標(ひょう)石(せき) (hyōseki, “markstone”)
石(しゃく)南(な)花(げ), 石(しゃく)楠(な)花(げ) (shakunage)
石(せき)英(えい) (sekiei, “quartz; crystal”)
石(せき)菖(しょう) (sekishō, “Japanese sweet flag”)
石(せき)製(せい) (sekisei, “stonen”)
石(せき)炭(たん) (sekitan, “coal”)
石(せき)板(ばん) (sekiban, “slate”)
石(せき)版(ばん) (sekiban, “lithograph”)
石(せき)盤(ばん) (sekiban, “slate”)
石(せき)油(ゆ) (sekiyu, “oil, petroleum”)
石(せっ)灰(かい) (sekkai, “lime (mineral), quicklime, caustic lime”)
石(せっ)棺(かん) (sekkan, “sarcophagus; stone coffin”)
懐(かい)石(せき) (kaiseki, “simple meal eaten before tea is served”)
化(か)石(せき) (kaseki, “fossil, fossil remains; petrifaction, fossilisation”)
岩(がん)石(せき) (ganseki, “rock”)
奇(き)石(せき) (kiseki, “rare stone; precious gem”)
輝(き)石(せき) (kiseki, “pyroxene, augite”)
金(こん)剛(ごう)石(せき) (kongōseki, “diamond”)
歯(し)石(せき) (shiseki, “dental calculus, tartar”)
硝(しょう)石(せき) (shōseki, “saltpetre”)
聖(せい)石(せき) (seiseki, “holy stone, rock or mineral”)
胆(たん)石(せき) (tanseki, “gallstones”)
宝(ほう)石(せき) (hōseki, “gemstone”)
木(ぼく)石(せき) (bokuseki, “trees and stones”)
石蓴(あおさ) (aosa, “sea lettuce”)
石(いわ)見(み) (Iwami)
流石(さすが) (sasuga)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
石
いし Степен: 1
kun'yomi

⟨isi⟩ → /iɕi/

From Old Japanese.^[1] First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759. In turn, the Old Japanese is reconstructed as from Proto-Japonic *esi.

Likely cognate with 磯 (iso, “pebble; gravel; rocky beach”).

Pronunciation

() いし [ìshíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[2]^[3]
МФА^(кључ): [iɕi]

Noun

石(いし) (ishi)

a stone
- 1999 март 27, “ストーン・アルマジラー [Stone Armadiller]”, in Vol.2, Konami:
  
  体(からだ)が石(いし)のように堅(かた)い毛(け)で覆(おお)われており、守(まも)りがかたい。
  Karada ga ishi no yō ni katai ke de ōwareteori, mamori ga katai.
  With a body covered in a coat as hard as stones, its defense is solid.
(slang, electronics) a transistor

Derived terms

石(いし)室(むろ) (ishimuro, “stone hut”)
大(おお)石(いし) (Ōishi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
石
こく Степен: 1
kan'yōon

From Middle Chinese 斛.

The 石 spelling came about through customary use in Japan of this character for the unit of measure.^[1]

Pronunciation

() こく [kóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
МФА^(кључ): [ko̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

石(こく) (koku)

a traditional Japanese unit of volume:
1. for grains of rice; one koku is equal to approximately 180 litres
2. (by extension, historical) for land of famous daimyo or samurai; one koku is also approximately 180 litres
3. for 和船 (wasen); one koku is equal to 10 cubic shaku or approximately 0.278 cubic metres
a unit of quantity for 鮭 (sake, “salmon”) and 鱒 (masu, “trout”); one koku is equal to 40 salmon or 60 trout

Derived terms

石(こく)高(だか) (kokudaka)

Descendants

→ Енглески: koku

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
石
せき Степен: 1
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 石.

Pronunciation

МФА^(кључ): [se̞kʲi]

Counter

石(せき) or 石(counter) (seki or counter) [[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|せき]]

counter for gemstones used as bearings in watches and other devices
(slang, electronics) counter for transistors, especially discrete ones
六(ろく)石(せき)ラジオ
rokuseki rajio
six-transistor radio

Noun

石(せき) (seki)

Same as こく (koku) above

Affix

石(せき) (seki)

stone
needle made of stone
go stone
something solid but worthless
Short for 石見国 (Iwami-no-kuni): Iwami Province

References

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 4-385-13905-9
↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Корејски

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 石.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	쎡〮 (Yale: ssyék)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[1]	돌〯 (Yale: twǒl)	셕〮 (Yale: syék)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(кључ): [sʰʌ̹k̚]
Phonetic hangul: [석]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

[[wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"石"|石]]

Wikisource

石 (eumhun 돌 석 (dol seok))

Hanja form^? of 석 (“stone”).

Compounds

석유 (石油, seogyu)
석탄 (石炭, seoktan)
석류 (石榴, seongnyu)
운석 (隕石, unseok)
암석 (巖石, amseok)
옥석 (玉石, okseok)
석회 (石灰, seokhoe)
반석 (盤石, banseok)
광석 (鑛石, gwangseok)
비석 (碑石, biseok)
초석 (礎石, choseok)
화석 (化石, hwaseok)
석탑 (石塔, seoktap)
자석 (磁石, jaseok)
휘석 (輝石, hwiseok)
석불 (石佛, seokbul)
투석 (投石, tuseok)
석재 (石材, seokjae)
보석 (寶石, boseok)
석굴 (石窟, seokgul)
금석 (金石, geumseok)
정석 (定石, jeongseok)
석기 (石器, seokgi)
석면 (石綿, seongmyeon)
석공 (石工, seokgong)
석각 (石刻, seokgak)
석조 (石造, seokjo)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Kunigami

Kanji

石

Kun: しー (shī)

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 石 (ishi).

Pronunciation

МФА^(кључ): /ɕiː/

Noun

石 (hiragana しー, romaji shī)

stone

Miyako

Kanji

石

Kun: いす (isu)

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 石 (ishi).

Pronunciation

МФА^(кључ): /iss̩/, /isz̩/

Noun

石 (hiragana いす, romaji isu)

stone

References

Okinawan

Kanji

石

Kun: いし (ishi)

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 石 (ishi).

Pronunciation

МФА^(кључ): /ʔiɕi/

Noun

石 (hiragana いし, romaji ishi)

stone

References

“イシ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).

Old Japanese

Etymology

Cognate with 磯 (iso₁, “pebble; gravel; rocky beach”).

Noun

石 (isi) (kana いし)

a stone
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 869), text here
  多良志比賣可尾能美許等能奈都良須等美多多志世利斯伊志遠多礼美吉
  tarasi pi₁me₁ kami₂ no₂ mi₁ko₂to₂ no₂ na turasu to₂ mi₁-tatasi serisi isi wo tare miki₁
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  
  [Note: Another version replaces na turasu to₂ with 阿由都流等 (ayu turu to₂, “catching sweetfishes”)

Derived terms

大石 (opoisi), 大石 (opi₂si)

Descendants

Јапански: 石 (ishi)

Вијетнамски

Han character

石: Hán Việt readings: thạch-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn, đán-gdhn
石: Nôm readings: thạch-tdcndg;tdcntd, sạch-tdcndg

Hán tự form of thạch, “stone”

References

Yaeyama

Kanji

石

Kun: いしぃ (isï)

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 石 (ishi).

Pronunciation

МФА^(кључ): /ʔisɨ/

Noun

石 (hiragana いしぃ, romaji isï)

stone

Yonaguni

Kanji

石

Kun: いち (ichi)

Etymology

Cognate with Јапански 石 (ishi).

Pronunciation

МФА^(кључ): /it͡ɕi/

Noun

石 (hiragana いち, romaji ichi)

stone

References

Шаблон:R:JLect

[KDJ-1] 1,0 ^1,1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2,0 ^2,1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 4-385-13905-9

[NHK-3] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

[1]

[2]

[3]